Prodor slanih maziva u područje kontakta cijevi i trna u stanovima kontinuirane valjaonice cijevi

The mechnism of the salt phosphate lubricant ingress in zone of the tube deformation on a long cylindric mandrel was considered. Suggested mathematical model is based on the points of the hydrodynamic theory of lubrication. Data presented are concerned with a value of a salt lubricant layer thickness and friction factor between metal and mandrel at continuous hot rolling of tubes.Razmatran je mehanizam prodiranja soli fosfatnog maziva u zonu deformiranja cijevi valjanih na dugom cilindričnom trnu. Prijedlog matematičkog modela se osniva na hidrodinamičkoj teoriji podmazivanja. Podaci su prikazani vezano za vrijednosti debljine sloja podmazivanja i koeficijenta trenja između metala i trna pri toplom kontinuiranom valjanju cijevi

Regional risks of artificial forestation in the steppe zone of Kazakhstan (case study of the green belt of Astana)

This article deals with results of research on artificial forest in a green zone around the city of Astana. The authors of the article established temporary sample plots where condition, capacity for survival, and growth of trees were observed by standard techniques adapted to conditions of the forest-steppe subzone of Northern Kazakhstan. The reasons for the unsatisfactory condition of the planted forest were found and recommendations on improvement were made. The conclusion was drawn that to establish forest plantations it is necessary to select such species of trees and shrubs that will be resistant in specific conditions to the negative factors of urban lands. A possibility of replanting adult trees to intensify reforestation was also studied. The authors analyzed the dynamics of Silver birch preservation in 2011-2017. The Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon U test was used to prove the presence of differences between the types of trees' average preservations. Based on the data thus obtained, it was concluded that the forest plantations created by the different methods differed significantly in terms of the preservation rate, as well as in the heights and diameters of the trees. Forecasts of tree preservations in 2018 were made using moving average and linear regression methods. The best forecasts were chosen in terms of the mean relative absolute error of approximation. The results confirmed an initial hypothesis predicting significant differences between the methods used for artificial reforestation: the non-replanted trees are expected to have the highest rate of preservation, whereas the trees replanted to a low location, the lowest preservation rate. The prediction of the preservation rate of forest plantations of Silver birch created by the different methods will allow reducing the risks when conducting forestry activities on artificial reforestation. Regional features must be taken into account in the development of recommendations for a comprehensive system of measures which are based on the scientific forestry techniques to ensure optimum reforestation

Correction to: Economic evaluation of AbobotulinumtoxinA vs OnabotulinumtoxinA in real-life clinical management of cervical dystonia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s40734-020-0083-0.]

Improvement of financial literacy as a crucial factor of economic development

Issues on the public financial literacy are highly relevant in the context of expanding opportunities of financial services used, increasing the complexity and the appearance of new financial tools. Ensuring personal financial security is becoming an important factor of economic development and public welfare improvement. Nevertheless, a low level of financial literacy negatively impacts personal welfare and a financial potential of households, deteriorates the resource base of financial institutions, hampers the financial market development, retards investment processes in economics and leads to the aggravation of the socio-economic situation of the country. In this regard, the following tasks have been set in this study. To consider a conceptual characteristic of the notion “financial literacy” and its components – fiscal and taxation literacy; study the contemporary international and Russian practice of financial literacy improvement as a factor for the economic development of a country. The article substantiates the following: the constructive use of the best practices should create real opportunities for raising the level of financial literacy of the population in the Russian Federation, increase confidence in the financial system, reduce the financial risks of consumers of financial services and improve the population’s welfare.peer-reviewe

The Heat Conditions of the Cold Pilger Rolling

The influence of technological factors and constructive parameters of the cold pilger rolling mill to the warm conditions of deformation is observed. The dependences of the heat conditions of pilger rolling on deformation mode and preheating temperature are shown. There was a conclusion drawn about the expediency of combination of warming and cooling of the metal for keeping the deformation zone temperature within limit, which corresponds to the minimal intensity of the metal strengthening

Thermally stable composite system Al2O3-Ce 0.75Zr0.25O2 for automotive three-way catalysts

Present-day three-way catalysts operate in contact with exhaust gases whose temperature is as high as >1000 C, so the problem of developing thermally stable catalytic compositions is still topical. A series of Al2O 3-Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 composites containing 0, 10, 25, and 50 wt % Al2O3 has been synthesized by direct precipitation. The as-prepared composites and those calcined in air at 1000 and 1100 C have been characterized by BET, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and temperature-programmed reduction methods. The composites aged at 1050 C in a 2% O2 + 10% H2O + 88% N2 atmosphere have been used to prepare monolith catalysts, and the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of the latter has been measured using a gas analysis setup. As the proportion of Al2O 3 in the composite is raised, the mixing uniformity and degree of dispersion of Ce x Zr1-x O2-δ particles increase, their chemical composition becomes homogeneous, and the amount of cerium involved in oxidation and reduction increases. The composite containing 50 wt % Al2O3 is a mixture of Ce x Zr 1-x O2-δ and Al2O3 crystallites, whose size is practically unaffected by calcination. The (Pt/Al2O3 + Al2O3-Ce 0.75Zr0.25O2) based on this composite has the highest OSC and is the most active. For this reason, full-scale testing of this catalyst is recommended. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd