4,758 research outputs found
Femtosecond soliton amplification in nonlinear dispersive traps and soliton dispersion management
The nonlinear pulse propagation in an optical fibers with varying parameters
is investigated. The capture of moving in the frequency domain femtosecond
colored soliton by a dispersive trap formed in an amplifying fiber makes it
possible to accumulate an additional energy and to reduce significantly the
soliton pulse duration. Nonlinear dynamics of the chirped soliton pulses in the
dispersion managed systems is also investigated. The methodology developed does
provide a systematic way to generate infinite ``ocean'' of the chirped soliton
solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NSE) with varying
coefficients.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figures, RevTe
Universal quantum computation with temporal-mode bilayer square lattices
We propose an experimental design for universal continuous-variable quantum
computation that incorporates recent innovations in linear-optics-based
continuous-variable cluster state generation and cubic-phase gate
teleportation. The first ingredient is a protocol for generating the
bilayer-square-lattice cluster state (a universal resource state) with temporal
modes of light. With this state, measurement-based implementation of Gaussian
unitary gates requires only homodyne detection. Second, we describe a
measurement device that implements an adaptive cubic-phase gate, up to a random
phase-space displacement. It requires a two-step sequence of homodyne
measurements and consumes a (non-Gaussian) cubic-phase state.Comment: (v2) 14 pages, 5 figures, consistent with published version; (v1) 13
pages, 5 figure
Surface tension of electrolytes: Hydrophilic and hydrophobic ions near an interface
We calculate the ion distributions around an interface in fluid mixtures of
highly polar and less polar fluids (water and oil) for two and three ion
species. We take into account the solvation and image interactions between ions
and solvent. We show that hydrophilic and hydrophobic ions tend to undergo a
microphase separation at an interface, giving rise to an enlarged electric
double layer. We also derive a general expression for the surface tension of
electrolyte systems, which contains a negative electrostatic contribution
proportional to the square root of the bulk salt density. The amplitude of this
square-root term is small for hydrophilic ion pairs, but is much increased for
hydrophilic and hydrophobic ion pairs. For three ion species including
hydrophilic and hydrophobic ions, we calculate the ion distributions to explain
those obtained by x-ray reflectivity measurements.Comment: 8 figure
Dynamic van der Waals Theory of two-phase fluids in heat flow
We present a dynamic van der Waals theory. It is useful to study phase
separation when the temperature varies in space. We show that if heat flow is
applied to liquid suspending a gas droplet at zero gravity, a convective flow
occurs such that the temperature gradient within the droplet nearly vanishes.
As the heat flux is increased, the droplet becomes attached to the heated wall
that is wetted by liquid in equilibrium. In one case corresponding to partial
wetting by gas, an apparent contact angle can be defined. In the ther case with
larger heat flux, the droplet completely wets the heated wall expelling liquid.Comment: 6pages, 8figure
Editorial: role of protein palmitoylation in synaptic plasticity and neuronal differentiation
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Yoshii, A., & Green, W. N. Editorial: role of protein palmitoylation in synaptic plasticity and neuronal differentiation. Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience, 12(27), (2020), doi:10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00027.Protein palmitoylation, the reversible addition of palmitate to proteins, is a dynamic post-translational modification. Both membrane (e.g., channels, transporters, and receptors) and cytoplasmic proteins (e.g., cell adhesion, scaffolding, cytoskeletal, and signaling molecules) are substrates. In mammals, palmitoylation is mediated by 23-24 palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs), also called ZDHHCs for their catalytic aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine (DHCC) domain. PATs are integral membrane proteins found in cellular membranes. In the palmitoylation cycle, palmitate is removed by the depalmitoylation enzymes, acyl palmitoyl transferases (APT1 and 2), and α/β Hydrolase domain-containing protein 17 (ABHD17A-C). These are cytoplasmic proteins that are targeted to membranes where they are substrates for PATs. The second class of depalmitoylating enzymes are palmitoyl thioesterases, PPT1 and 2, discovered through their association with infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. These are secreted proteins found in the lumen of intracellular organelles, primarily lysosomes, where their function as depalmitoylating enzymes is unclear.This work was supported by University of Illinois start-up fund (to AY) and NIH/NIDA (grant DA044760 to WG)
The two-atom energy spectrum in a harmonic trap near a Feshbach resonance at higher partial waves
Two atoms in an optical lattice may be made to interact strongly at higher
partial waves near a Feshbach resonance. These atoms, under appropriate
constraints, could be bosonic or fermionic. The universal energy spectrum
for such a system, with a caveat, is presented in this paper, and checked with
the spectrum obtained by direct numerical integration of the Schr\"odinger
equation. The results reported here extend those of Yip for p-wave resonance
(Phys. Rev. A {\bf 78}, 013612 (2008)), while exploring the limitations of a
universal expression for the spectrum for the higher partial waves.Comment: To be published in Physical Review
Ion-induced nucleation in polar one-component fluids
We present a Ginzburg-Landau theory of ion-induced nucleation in a gas phase
of polar one-component fluids, where a liquid droplet grows with an ion at its
center. By calculating the density profile around an ion, we show that the
solvation free energy is larger in gas than in liquid at the same temperature
on the coexistence curve. This difference much reduces the nucleation barrier
in a metastable gas.Comment: 9 pagers, 9 figures, to be published in J. Chem. Phy
Assessment of somaclonal variation for salinity tolerance in sweet potato regenerated plants
Genetic variation is the source for plant breeding. Somaclonal variation is genetic variation induced during tissue culture and also during ordinary growth in vivo, and occurs rather, often in sweet potato. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of somaclonal variation in regeneration via somatic embryogenesis by phenotypic analysis under salinity stress condition and to assess the potential of somaclonal variation for development of salinity tolerant cultivar in sweet potato. The regenerated and control plants were evaluated under an established in vitro salinity screen system where media were supplemented with 0, 75, 150 and 200 mM of NaCl. The data for parameters (number of roots, length of roots, leaf and root condition) was recorded in three repeat tests. Data analysis suggested a significant variation in salinity tolerance among regenerated and control plants that proved the occurrence of somaclonal variation in regenerated plants. Despite none of the regenerated line was selected as a salt tolerant line, present study shows that regenerated plants exhibited somaclonal variation that can be utilized for selection of desired traits in sweet potato.Key words: Sweet potato, regeneration, somaclonal variation, salinity tolerance
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