Heat-related Changes of Density, P-wave Velocity, and Surface Hardness of Granite

Low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste is stored in the National Radioactive Waste Repository in Bátaapáti in Hungary. The repository is located in the Carboniferous Mórágy Granite Formation. This paper focuses on heat-related changes of physical properties such as bulk density, P-wave velocity, P-wave modulus, and Duroskop surface hardness of the dominant lithology: monzogranite. Cylindrical specimens were tested at laboratory conditions (22 °C) and were heat-treated up to 250 °C, 500 °C, and 750 °C. The properties were measured before and after the thermal strain. After heat-treatment, the monzogranite samples became brownish, and at 750 °C, cracks appear at the surface of the specimens. Laboratory test results show that bulk density values slightly decrease from room temperature to 250 °C treatment and further dropped at 500 °C and especially at 750 °C. P-wave velocity values and the connected P-wave modulus tend to decrease from room temperature to 750 °C significantly. Duroskop rebound values show slight declines in the surface strength of the specimens until 500 °C, and then a drastic decline at 750 °C. Heat treatment tends to alter the physical properties of the monzogranite. From room temperature to 500 °C, a slight but apparent decrease between 500 °C and 750 °C significant reductions in the bulk density, P-wave velocity, and Duroskop values. Behind the physical alterations are the different thermal-induced expansion of minerals and mineral alteration at elevated temperatures

Pitvarfibrilláció értékelése a repülőorvosi döntéshozatalban = Evaluation and aeromedical disposition of atrial fibrillation

A pitvarfibrilláció az egyik leggyakoribb szívritmuszavar, amelynek korral fokozódó prevalenciája, jelentős diagnosztikai és terápiás költsége komoly terhelést jelent az egészségügyi ellátó rendszerben. Speciális megközelítést kíván a fiatalabb korosztályban, kiképzett pilótánál jelentkező megítélése, ahol a munkavégzőképesség fenntartása, a repülésélettani stresszorok okozta hirtelen cselekvőképtelenség veszélyének kiküszöbölése alapvető. Ezért a diagnosztikus kivizsgálás is részletesebb, szükség esetén kiegészül szimulált földi stresszhelyzetben (barokamrában, centrifugában) vagy valós repülés során végzett orvosbiológiai monitorizálással, viszont a klinikai útmutatókban részletezett terápiás eszköztár csak korlátozottan alkalmazható. A kockázati tényezőket is hangsúlyosabban kell értékelni, amelyek ronthatják a pilóta hypoxia- és G (túlterhelés-gyorsulás)- tűrőképességét. Az akut teljesítményromlás (palpitáció okozta szubjektív teljesítményromlás, vagy akár syncope), illetve a hosszútávú szövődmények (tromboembóliás események, szívelégtelenség) veszélye és a repülésbiztonság szempontja indokolja, hogy a pitvarfibrilláció (és általában a ritmuszavarok) elemzését, repülőorvosi döntéshozatali szempontjait egy konkrét esetleírás, a hazai repülő-egészségügyi rendelet, a speciális waiver policy (Különleges Elbírálás amerikai haderőnemi szabályzatai) és az európai civil repülő-egészségügyi jogszabályok alapján áttekintsük. = Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common type of cardiac arrhythmias, causing heavy burden in general healthcare system due to the age dependent increasing prevalence, associated with diagnostic and therapeutic expenditures. However, we need even more specific approach in aeromedical disposition regarding younger age-groups of military aircrew, where the support of working ability, the elimination of the potential danger of sudden incapacitation caused by aeromedical (physiological) stressors is essential. "erefor the workout of diagnostic algorhythm is more detailed, extended by ground-based simulated stress tests (in barochamber, centrifuge) or upgraded by biomedical monitoring tools during real flight. On the other hand we can have limited access to the therapeutic means. Risk factors for AF shall be evaluated pronouncedly, deteriorating hypoxia and G-tolerance. The acute detrimental effects on mental performance (caused by palpitation, or even by syncope) and long-term complications (thromboembolic events, heart failure) can pose risks for flight safety. It is a true indication to analyze the atrial fibrillation (and tachyarrhythmias) point ing out the aeromedical concerns and summarizing the specific disposition process based on a case description, national regulation, relevant USAF/US NAVY Waiver Policy guidances and civil aeromedical guidelines

Remarkable finds of bryophytes in Hungary during the last two years (2015-2017)

Extant occurrences of 9 species without recent data (DD, DD-va in the Hungarian bryophyte redlist of 2010) were discovered in the period 2015-2017: Brachythecium campestre (Börzsöny: 8180.1, Mecsek: 9875.2, Vendvidék: 9163.2, Tiszántúl: 8496.2), B. plumosum (Zempléni-hg.: 7594.1, Mátra: 8186.1, Vértes: 8476.3), Bryum archangelicum (Börzsöny: 8179.1), Ephemerum serratum (=E. stoloniferum (Hedw.) L.T. Ellis & M.J. Price) (Börzsöny: 8080.3, Őrség: 9164.3), Jungermannia subulata (Mecsek: 9776.4), Marsupella emarginata (Börzsöny: 8079.2), Orthotrichum rogeri (Zemplénihg.: 7894.3), Pseudoleskea saviana (Mátra: 8186.1, Börzsöny: 8079.2, 8079.4), Schistidium confertum (Börzsöny: 8079.2, Mátra: 8186.1). 22 taxa were first recorded in Hungary since november 2015: Barbilophozia hatcheri (Budai-hg.: 8579.2), Brachythecium curtum (Zempléni-hg.: 7594.1, Börzsöny: 8079.4), Bryum tenuisetum (Csepel-sziget: 8679.2, Belső Somogy: 9971.1, Kemeneshát: 8768.1, Kőszegi-hg.: 8665.2), Campylopus subulatus (Kemeneshát: 8967.1), Crossidium squamiferum (Börzsöny: 8279.2), Didymodon tophaceus subsp. erosus (Duna-Tiszaköze: 9786.1), D. tophaceus subsp. sicculus (Duna-Tisza-közé: 9786.1, 9280.4, 8781.1), Ditrichum lineare (Zempléni-hg.: 7494.4), Fissidens bambergeri (Zempléni-hg.: 7494.2, Bükk: 8088.1, Börzsöny: 7979.4, 8179.1, 8180.1, Visegrádi-hg.: 8279.2, 8280.3, Budaihg.: 8479.1, 8479.4, Gerecse: 8377.1, Vértes: 8675.2, Kőszegi-hg.: 8664.4, 8665.1, Vendvidék: 9162.2, Zala: 9166.4), F. crispus (Börzsöny: 8079.2), Fossombronia incurva (Visegrádi-hg.: 8279.3, Őrség: 9164.3, Geresdi-dombság: 9777.3), Heterocladium heteropterum (Kőszegi-hg.: 8664.2), Pellia neesiana (Vendvidék: 9062.4, 9162.2), Plagiothecium latebricola (Kőszegi-hg.: 8664.2), Rhabdoweisia crispata (Kőszegi-hg.: 8664.2), Riccia beyrichiana (Visegrádi-hg.: 8279.2), Seligeria acutifolia (Pilis: 8279.4), Sematophyllum adnatum (Kemeneshát: 8967.1), Syntrichia ruralis var. epilosa (Keszthelyi-hg.: 9270.1, Kőszegi-hg.: 8665.1), Ulota crispula (Zempléni-hg.: 7594.1, Mátra: 8085.3, Börzsöny: 8080.1, Balatonfelvidék: 9171.1, Kőszegi-hg.: 8664.2, 8664.4, 8665.1, 8565.3, Vendvidék: 9062.4, 9163.1, Őrség: 9263.2, Kemeneshát: 8967.1, Zselic: 9873.2), U. intermedia (Zempléni-hg.: 7594.3, Börzsöny: 8079.2, Kőszegi-hg.: 8664.2, Vas-hegycsoport: 8764.4, Vendvidék: 9062.4, Őrség: 9164.3, 9264.1, Zselic: 9873.2), and Zygodon forsteri (Balatonfelvidék: 9071.3, 9171.1)

Simple and choice reaction times are prolonged following extracorporeal circulation : a potential method for the assessment of acute neurocognitive deficit

Cognitive deficit related to open heart surgery came into the focus of interest according to professional and social expectations. The negative effects on quality of life and the large number of involved patients emphasize its investigation. The bed-side measurement of simple and choice reaction time (sRT and cRT) has the objectivity of cortical evoked potential analysis; however there is no need for EEG instrumentation and laboratory. This is a functional assessment similarly to neuropsychological tests, but requires significantly shorter time, and is less demanding for the patient. We found a statistically significant positive correlation of sRT and cRT elongation and perfusion time. At the same time there were no statistically significant changes of mean sRT and cRT values before (sRT: 208±54 s, cRT: 369±59 s) and after (sRT: 229±67 s, cRT: 392±105 s) the surgery probably due to the inhomogeneous patient population. The weak correlation (coefficients: 0.1418-0.8484) for sRT and cRT changes as a function of perfusion time confirm the presence of other factors of postoperative brain damage. The investigated bed-side test is clinically feasible, simple and can be completed within 30 minutes. Further studies are encouraged to compare above method to other tests in a larger, stratified cardiac surgery populatio

The assessment of neural injury following open heart surgery by physiological tremor analysis

INTRODUCTION: The appearance of post-operative cognitive dysfunction as a result of open heart surgery has been proven by several studies. Focal and/or sporadic neuron damage emerging in the central nervous system may not only appear as cognitive dysfunction, but might strongly influence features of physiological tremor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We investigated 110 patients (age: 34-73 years; 76 male, 34 female; 51 coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 25 valve replacement, 25 combined open heart surgery, 9 off-pump CABG) before surgery and after open-heart surgery on the 3(rd) to 5(th) post-operative day. The assessment of the physiological tremor analysis was performed with our newly developed equipment based on the Analog Devices ADXL 320 JPC integrated accelerometer chip. Recordings were stored on a PC and spectral analysis was performed by fast Fourier transformation (FFT). We compared power integrals in the 1-4 Hz, 4-8 Hz and 8-12 Hz frequency ranges and these were statistically assessed by the Wilcoxon rank correlation test. RESULTS: We found significant changes in the power spectrum of physiological tremor. The spectrum in the 8-12 Hz range (neuronal oscillation) decreased and a shift was recognised to the lower spectrum (p < 0.01). The magnitude of the shift was not significantly higher for females than for males (p < 0.157). We found no significant difference between the shift and the cross-clamp or perfusion time (p < 0.6450). CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of physiological tremor by means of our novel, feasible method may provide a deeper insight into the mechanism of central nervous system damage associated with open heart surgery

Updated knowledge on the records for the endangered click beetle Limoniscus violaceus in Hungary (Coleoptera: Elateridae)

Faunistic data for the violet click beetle, Limoniscus violaceus(P. W. J. Müller, 1821), from Hungary and notes on its life history are given. With 7 figures