Number and percent of first time ANC clients and partners tested 2009–2015, from HMIS reports to DHMT in Ndola.

<p>Blue represents women whose partners were not tested, orange represents women whose partners were tested. Percentage of ANC clients with male partner tested is shown above each bar.</p

Ndola: Average number of couples per month that received weekday couples voluntary counseling and testing in clinics with at least two years of data.

<p>Blue bar represents CVCT provided by on-duty government counselors in the ANC clinics; orange bars represent CVCT provided by on duty government counselors in the VCT department; grey bar represents weekday CVCT provided by a ZEHRP-sponsored counselor. Grey stars indicate clinic-years when no ZEHRP-sponsored staff provided CVCT services. Blue stars indicate clinics in which logbooks for data extraction were not available for that year.</p

Lusaka: Average number of couples per month that received weekday couples voluntary counseling and testing in clinics with a monthly average of ≥40 couples in at least one year.

<p>Blue bar represents CVCT provided by on-duty government counselors in the ANC clinics; orange bars represent CVCT provided by on duty government counselors in the VCT department; grey bar represents weekday CVCT provided by a ZEHRP-sponsored counselor. Grey stars indicate clinic-years when no ZEHRP-sponsored staff provided CVCT services. Blue and orange stars indicate clinics in which logbooks for data extraction were not available for that year.</p

Model coefficients and corresponding predictor scores by HIV-1 subtype.

<p>Model coefficients and corresponding predictor scores by HIV-1 subtype.</p

Study flow chart.

<p>EDI = estimated date of infection; ARS = acute retroviral syndrome; EHV = extended high viremia.</p

Characteristics at enrollment^*.

<p>Characteristics at enrollment^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192785#t001fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Sensitivity and specificity of risk score models developed in the full and subtype-specific populations.

<p>The horizontal axes display all possible risk score cut-points that could be chosen for clinical implementation of a given algorithm. In clinical implementation, all persons with risk scores at or above a chosen cut-point would be identified as likely to subsequently have extended high viremia. Circles represent the proportion of all EHV cases with scores at or above a given risk score cut-point (i.e., sensitivity). Diamonds represent the proportion of all those who did not have EHV with scores below a given risk score cut-point (i.e., specificity).</p

Extended high viremia prevalence by subtype and number of ARS symptoms.

<p>The points represent EHV prevalence for a given range of the number of symptoms; the brackets represent the 95% confidence intervals. The numerator and denominator for each proportion are shown in parentheses above each estimate.</p

PreScreening Data and Other Characteristics of Partners HSV-2 Study Sites

*<p>2004 or 2005 census data.</p>**<p>From PEPFAR (http//<a href="http://www.pepfar.gov/" target="_blank">www.pepfar.gov/</a>): “National HIV-1 prevalence among adults aged 15–49” for each country listed.</p> ˆ<p>Clinical trial recruitment also extended to outlying districts with total population of 0.75–1.5 million persons.</p>#<p>Source of HIV-1 prevalence data: Kenya-reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Kenyan1" target="_blank">[23]</a>; Uganda–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Ministry1" target="_blank">[7]</a>; Tanzania–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Kapiga1" target="_blank">[24]</a>; S. Africa–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Dorrington1" target="_blank">[25]</a>; Zambia–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Zambia1" target="_blank">[26]</a>; Botswana–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-UN2" target="_blank">[27]</a>.</p>&<p>-Total number of couples receiving HIV counseling and testing during previously defined recruitment periods: July 2005–April 2006 (Ndola and Kitwe, Zambia) and December 2006–April 2007 (all other Partners HSV-2 Study sites).</p>@<p>-NHRI calculated from PEPFAR data (http//<a href="http://www.pepfar.gov/" target="_blank">www.pepfar.gov/</a>) as: (“# individuals receiving counseling and testing in settings other than PMTCT in FY2006”+“# HIV-1 infected individuals receiving palliative care/basic health care and support in FY2006 (including HIV-1/TB)”)/“Adults and children (age 0–49) living with HIV-1 at the end of 2005”.</p

HIV prevalence and multivariate predictors of prevalent HIV infection in Masaka, Kilifi and Nairobi.

<p>PR: Prevalence Ratio, CI: Confidence Interval, ref: reference group, NA: data were not collected at this CRC, NS: data were not significant predictors of prevalent HIV in multivariate modeling</p><p>^* In Masaka condom use was measured with the question: Have you and your partner ever used a condom (yes/no), and if so, how often do you use a condom (Always, more than half of the time, about half of the time, rarely or less than half of the time)? In Kilifi: In the past 12 months, have you used a condom never, sometimes or always during sex? In Kangemi: Have you used a condom before (yes/no)?</p><p>^** Due to collinearity in the covariates, model failed to converge with discharge and ulcers considered together</p><p>^*** In Kangemi, all volunteers were sexually active, but not all volunteers were sexually active in the past 7 days</p><p>HIV prevalence and multivariate predictors of prevalent HIV infection in Masaka, Kilifi and Nairobi.</p