Overflowing the territory. Identity correlations and cultural connections between women and nature

Desde el inicio de los tiempos la vinculación entre el hombre, la naturaleza y el arte ha sido incontestable. En consecuencia, es posible trazar una línea evolutiva que, desde la prehistoria hasta la actualidad, refleje dicha relación. En este contexto es preciso acotar la forma en que la mujer, como artista, ha sido históricamente la gran excluida de esta ecuación. Sin embargo, pese a esta realidad, es imposible eludir la correspondencia forjada en el imaginario occidental entre mujer y naturaleza, basada en las teorías ilustradas que consolidaron la imagen de la mujer como un ser no racional y, por tanto, adscrito exclusivamente al ámbito de lo natural. Dicha categorización, a todas luces discriminatoria, relegó a la mujer al interior del hogar y la limitó a tareas de reproducción y producción doméstica. Mediante una visión analítica, sociológica y de género, esta intervención va a profundizar en las prácticas artísticas llevadas a cabo por mujeres, bien tomando la naturaleza como referente, bien actuando directamente sobre ella, con el fin de subvertir el vínculo, hasta entonces impuesto, que las había unido de forma inexorable. En definitiva, las obras de las artistas analizadas van a revelar, de una forma tan semántica como literal, las transformaciones conceptuales, ontológicas, estéticas y políticas sufridas en torno a la correspondencia mujer-naturaleza a lo largo del último siglo, al tiempo que van a poner en evidencia nuevas formas de habitar la naturaleza sustentadas en la recuperación de la autonomía, la expresión y la identidad femenina.From the beginning of times the relation between man, nature and art has been incontestable. Consequently, it is possible to trace the development of such interconnection from prehistory to present that reflects such relation. In this context, it is necessary to demarcate the way in which women, as artists, have been historically excluded from this equation. However, despite this reality, it is impossible to avoid the correspondence, carved out in western imaginary, between woman and nature, based on the illustrated theories that consolidated the image of women as a non-rational being and, therefore, exclusively assigned to the field of nature. This categorization, clearly discriminatory, relegated women to the interior of the home and limited her to tasks of reproduction and domestic production. Through an analytical, sociological and gender vision, this paper is going to delve into the artistic practices carried out by women, either taking nature as a reference, or acting directly on it, in order to subvert the bond, until then imposed, that had joined them together inexorably. In short, the works of the analyzed artists will reveal, in a semantic as well as literal way, the conceptual, ontological, aesthetic and political transformations suffered around the correspondence between woman and nature over the last century, at the same time that highlight new ways of living in nature based on the recovery of autonomy, expression and female identity

El archivo fantasma. Apuntes acerca de la maternidad como (im)posibilidad en la práctica artística de Tracey Emin

The emergence of both the conceptual movement and the autobiographical discourse in the artistic sphere towards theend of the sixties of the last century, entailed a split point that redefined the art work as information, significance, language and archive. In this context, the aim of this paper is to analyse the maternity as a trope that, historically, has articulated feminine reality through one brach of Tracey Emin´s artwork related to the construction of a ghostly archive about her pregnancies, her abortions and her unborned children.Thus, from an analytical, sociological and gender critical approach, this paper ig going to analyze the perversión of the archive, memory and autobiography carried out by a ghostly narration, anchored between life and death that, paradoxically, for the artist will constitute the only way through which she can tolerate her traumatic reality.La irrupción del movimiento conceptual y del discurso autobiográfico en el terreno artístico desde finales de la década de los sesenta del siglo pasado, supuso un punto de escisión que redefinió la obra de arte en base a premisas como la información, la significación, el lenguaje y el archivo. Bajo dicho contexto esta intervención pretende analizar la maternidad como un tropo que históricamente ha articulado la realidad femenina a través de cierta facción del corpus artístico de Tracey Emin relacionada con la creación de un archivo fantasma en torno a sus embarazos, sus abortos y sus hijos no natos.Así, desde una perspectiva analítica, sociológica y de género se analizará la perversión del archivo, la memoria y la autobiografía a través de la revelación de una narrativa espectral, anclada entre la vida y la muerte que, paradójicamente, constituirá para la artista la única vía a través de la que poder tolerar su traumática realidad

Integrated Optic Sensing Spectrometer: Concept and Design

[EN] In this paper the concept and design of an integrated optical device featuring evanescent field sensing and spectrometric analysis is presented. The device, termed integrated optics sensing spectrometer (IOSS), consists of a modified arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) which arms are engineered into two sets having different focal points. Half of the arms are exposed to the outer media, while the other half are left isolated, thus the device can provide both sensing and reference spectra. Two reference designs are provided for the visible and near-infrared wavelengths, aimed at the determination of the concentration of known solutes through absorption spectroscopy.This research was funded by Spanish MINECO projects grant number TEC2015-69787-REDT (PIC4TB) and TEC2016-80385-P (SINXPECT), as well as FPI doctoral grant BES-2014-068523.Mico-Cabanes, G.; Gargallo-Jaquotot, B.; Pastor Abellán, D.; Muñoz Muñoz, P. (2019). Integrated Optic Sensing Spectrometer: Concept and Design. 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Silicon Nitride Photonic Integration Platforms for Visible, Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Applications. Sensors, 17(9), 2088. doi:10.3390/s17092088Estevez, M. C., Alvarez, M., & Lechuga, L. M. (2011). Integrated optical devices for lab-on-a-chip biosensing applications. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 6(4), 463-487. doi:10.1002/lpor.201100025Barrios, C. A. (2012). Integrated microring resonator sensor arrays for labs-on-chips. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 403(6), 1467-1475. doi:10.1007/s00216-012-5937-3Movassaghi, S., Abolhasan, M., Lipman, J., Smith, D., & Jamalipour, A. (2014). Wireless Body Area Networks: A Survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 16(3), 1658-1686. doi:10.1109/surv.2013.121313.00064Baird, W., & Nogar, N. S. (1995). Compact, Self-Contained Optical Spectrometer. Applied Spectroscopy, 49(11), 1699-1704. doi:10.1366/0003702953965812Feng, D., Qian, W., Liang, H., Kung, C.-C., Fong, J., Luff, B. J., & Asghari, M. (2010). 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Advanced and versatile interferometric technique for the characterization of photonic integrated devices

[EN] Adaptable and complex optical characterization of photonic integrated devices, permitting to unearth possible design and fabrication errors in the different workflow steps are highly desired in the community. Here, we propose a technique capable of resolving full optical amplitude and phase response, in both frequency and time domains, of a photonic integrated device. It relies on optical frequency domain interferometry and makes use of a novel integrated architecture; a 3-way interferometer enabling single input and single output detection. We derive the test structure design rules and provide extensive experimental validation in silicon nitride and silicon on insulator technologies, by testing relevant devices such as arrayed waveguide grating, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and ring resonators. Horizontal and vertical chip coupling, different external setup arrangements, and the optical dispersion de-embedding inherent to the technique are demonstrated. Finally, we discuss why this characterization approach might lay the groundwork of a standard testing tool for photonic integrated devices.Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (PTA2015-11309-I, TEC2015-69787-REDT PIC4TB, TEC201680385-P SINXPECT); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (PID2019-110877GB-I00 BHYSINPICS); Generalitat Valenciana (GVA PROMETEO 2017/103).Bru-Orgiles, LA.; Pastor Abellán, D.; Muñoz, P. (2021). Advanced and versatile interferometric technique for the characterization of photonic integrated devices. Optics Express. 29(22):36503-36515. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.435683S3650336515292

The Galerkin–Fourier method for the study of nonlocal parabolic equations

The aim of this paper is the study of a type of nonlocal parabolic equation. The formulation includes a convolution kernel k in the diffusion term and a design function h that plays the role of the diffusion coefficient. The main goal is twofold: On the one hand, the existence and uniqueness of nonlocal solution are deduced. Also, a comprehensive and rigorous procedure, which is based on the classical Galerkin–Fourier Method, is performed. As in the classical setting, the appropriate choice of the Gelfand triplet will guarantee the differentiation and therefore the operational technique for the study of the parabolic equation. On the other hand, the convergence of the nonlocal solution as the kernel k converges to a Dirac Delta is studied. The series expansion of the nonlocal solution allows us, in an easy way, to show its convergence to the solution of the corresponding local parabolic equation

Reconfigurable reflective arrayed waveguide grating using optimization algorithms

[EN] In this paper we report the experimental realization of a reconfigurable reflective arrayed waveguide grating on silicon nitride technology, using optimization algorithms borrowed from machine learning applications. A dozen of band-shape responses, as well as a spectral resolution change, are demonstrated in the optical telecom C-band, alongside a proof of operation of the same device in the O-band. In the context of programmable and reconfigurable integrated photonics, this building block supports multi-wavelength/band spectral shaping of optical signals that can serve to multiple applications.Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Industrial doctorate grant DI-15-08031, PID2019110877GB-I00 BHYSINPICS, TEC2016-80385-P SINXPECT); H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (Training Network MICROCOMB (GA 812818)); Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2017/103).Fernández, J.; Felip, J.; Gargallo, B.; Doménech, JD.; Pastor Abellán, D.; Domínguez-Horna, C.; Muñoz Muñoz, P. (2020). Reconfigurable reflective arrayed waveguide grating using optimization algorithms. Optics Express. 28(21):31446-31456. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.404267S3144631456282

Super-structured Fiber Bragg Gratings with improved features for Coherent Direct Sequence OCDMA

[EN] This paper reports different proposals in the field of the Super-structured Fiber Bragg Gratings for Coherent Direct Sequence OCDMA applications providing enhanced fea- tures in terms of available spectral bandwidth, spectral efficiency and inter-channel rejection suitable for WDM and OCDMA combined applications. The reported de- vices cover the multiband en-decoders covering different bands on the same device, the almost rectangular envelope en-decoders demonstrated for both 1 and 5 ITU- 100GHz bands providing flat response and a roll-off better than 5 dB/GHz, and finally a multidimensional WDM/CODE/SPACE multiplexing proposal based on the concatenation of rectangular SSFBGs.This work was supported by the Spanish Government project TEC 2009-12169, and the Valencian Government under the project ACOMP/2010/023.Baños López, R.; Pastor Abellán, D.; García Muñoz, V.; Amaya Ocampo, WA. (2013). Super-structured Fiber Bragg Gratings with improved features for Coherent Direct Sequence OCDMA. Waves. 5(1):5-12. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/57917S5125