Epidemiology of vocal pathology among primary teachers

Uno de los principales grupos de riesgo en verse afectado por patologías en las cuerdas vocales son los profesores de primaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia de patologías vocales en función del sexo y el grado de concienciación en docentes de primaria. Para ello se utilizó una muestra formada por 64 profesores de educación primaria de centros de la provincia de Granada, que fueron divididos en dos grupos, en función de la presencia, o no, de patologías vocales. Los participantes cumplimentaron la Entrevista de investigación sobre características socio demográficas y clínicas (diseñada para esta investigación) y el Índice de incapacidad vocal (Voice Handicap Index; VHI; Jacobson et al., 1997). Aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los hombres y las mujeres en las patologías vocales, sí que podemos destacar las diferencias clínicas en cuanto que las mujeres desarrollan más patologías vocales que los hombres. Se resaltan las diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la variable subescala física, siendo para el grupo con patología las puntuaciones más altas que para el grupo sin patología. Encontramos también diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la puntuación total del VHI, siendo también las puntuaciones más altas en el grupo con patología. Nuestros resultados son muy interesantes dado que se demuestra la utilidad del uso del Índice de Incapacidad Vocal VHIOne of the main risk groups may be affected by vocal cords pathologies are the primary teachers. The aim of this review was analise the incidence of vocal pathologies according to gender and level of awareness of the primary teachers. To do this, the sample used was composed by 64 primary education teachers belonging to educational establishments in the province of Granada, who were then divided into two groups, in function of the presence, or not, of vocal pathologies. The participants completed the Research interview about socio-demographic and clinical characteristics (designed to this research) and the Voice Hamdicap Index (VHI; Jacobson et al.,1997). Although no significant differences in vocal pathologies were found between men and women, there may be underlining the clinical differences among gender, as we are aware of women manifest more pathologies than men. Statistically significant differences were observed in physical subscale, been highlighted the highest score in the group with pathology. Another statistically significant differences were found in the VHI total score, been highlighted the highest score in the group with pathology too. The final results are interesting enough to demonstrate the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) usefulness

Artroplastia no cementada de cadera tipo Lord en el tratamiento de la coxartrosis: estudio de 70 casos

Se han revisado 70 artroplastias totales de cadera no cementada tipo LORD implantadas en el Hospital Clínico de San Carlos de Madrid, en pacientes afectos de coxartrosis. El seguimiento mínimo ha sido de 20 meses y máximo de 90. La valoración clínica se ha realizado según el sistema de Merle D 'AUBIGNE con un 82.2% de buenos resultados, destacando entre los malos resultados: cuatro aflojamientos del componente acetabular, un aflojamiento del componente femoral y una infección. También se lleva a cabo una valoración radiológica no cuantitativa, en la que se cotejan parámetros radiológicos postoperatorios y evolutivos con su repercusión clínica.The authors have reviewed 70 non cemented Lord prosthese s implanted at the Hospital Clínico de San Carlos of Madrid for osteoarthritis of the hip. The minimum follow up period wa s 20 months and the maximum of 90. The clinical evaluation has been performed using the Merle D'aubigne system showing 82.2% of good results. It is worth pointing out from the bad cases: four aseptic acetabular component loosening, one femoral stem loosening and one septic failure. They have also evaluated radiologically our case s by a non cuantitative method, comparing postoperative and long term follow up Xray films with their clinical outcome

Resistencia en discurso en las redes sociales: análisis de tuits sobre la política brasileña contemporánea

Cuando la pandemia de COVID-19 llegó a Brasil, una ola de sentimientos también se extendió por la población, provocando la aparición de posiciones enfrentadas en las redes sociales. Con las controvertidas apariciones públicas del presidente Jair Bolsonaro, en un contexto en que las instituciones políticas brasileñas parecen cada vez más cerradas a la participación de la sociedad, la ciudadanía se vio obligada a reaccionar y tomar posición, encontrando en las redes sociales el espacio idóneo para la lucha por su derecho a decir. En tal estado de cosas, este texto consiste en un estudio sobre el uso, en particular, de dos hashtags #voceacabou y #vocênaoémaispresidente en la red social Twitter con el objetivo de someter a análisis y a debate algunas conexiones entre sujeto, lenguaje y poder, basados, sobre todo, en la noción de resistencia en discurso. De forma general, entendemos la resistencia en discurso como la toma de conciencia del sujeto de su derecho a decir en el aquí y ahora, enfrentándose a sí mismo como sujeto hablado por el otro, defendiendo su propia dignidad frente a las relaciones establecidas entre el poder y la pandemia

An end-to-end framework for intima media measurement and atherosclerotic plaque detection in the carotid artery

Background and objectives: The detection and delineation of atherosclerotic plaque are usually manually performed by medical experts on the carotid artery. Evidence suggests that this manual process is subject to errors and has a large variability between experts, equipment, and datasets. This paper proposes a robust end-to-end framework for automatic atherosclerotic plaque detection. Methods: The proposed framework is composed of: (1) a semantic segmentation model based on U-Net, with EfficientNet as the backbone, that obtains a segmentation mask with the carotid intima-media region; and (2) a convolutional neural network designed using Bayesian optimization that simultaneously performs a regression to get the average and maximum carotid intima media thickness, and a classification to determine the presence of plaque. Results: Our approach improves the state-of-the-art in both co and bulb territories in the REGICOR database, with more than 8000 images, while providing predictions in real-time. The correlation coefficient was 0.89 in the common carotid artery and 0.74 for bulb region, and the F1 score for atherosclerotic plaque detecting was 0.60 and 0.59, respectively. The experimentation carried out includes a comparison with other fully automatic methods for carotid intima media thickness estimation found in the literature. Additionally, we present an extensive experimental study to evaluate the robustness of our proposal, as well as its suitability and efficiency compared to different versions of the framework. Conclusions: The proposed end-to-end framework significantly improves the automatic characterization of atherosclerotic plaque. The generation of the segmented mask can be helpful for practitioners since it allows them to evaluate and interpret the model's results by visual inspection. Furthermore, the proposed framework overcomes the limitations of previous research based on ad-hoc post-processing, which could lead to overestimations in the case of oblique forms of the carotid artery

Fractura-Luxación de Monteggia en el Adulto: tratamiento con clavo cerrojado

Las lesiones traumáticas del antebrazo son cada día más frecuentes. Una variante tradicionalmente conocida como de Monteggia ofrece la particularidad en el adulto de la controversia en el tratamiento entre el yeso, la placa a compresión o el enclavado endomedular. En un intento de mejora de resultados hemos testado clínicamente un nuevo clavo cerrojado para el cúbito. Se han seguido prospectivamente 7 pacientes afectos de fractura de Monteggia durante un año como mínimo y dos como promedio. Todos los pacientes consolidaron sus fracturas en un plazo inferior a 4 meses, con un promedio de 2.5 meses. Siguiendo la cotación propia de los autores se han encontrado 3 buenos y 4 muy buenos resultados. La sencillez y la bondad del método hace aconsejable su uso extensivo a las fracturas diafisarias de cúbito.Traumatic lesions of the forearm are increasingly common. One variant of these, traditionally known as Monteggia fracture, has the particularity in adults of displaying controversy with respect to whethe r it should be treated with plaster, a compression plate or endomedullary nailing. In an attempt to improve the results, the authors tested clinically a new locking nail for the ulna. Seven patients with Monteggia fractures wer e followed over a minimum their fractures in less than 4 months, with a mean of 2.5 months. Following the authors' rating, 3 patients had good and 4 patients very good results. The simplicity and suitability of the method counsel its extensive us e in diaphyseal fractures of the ulna

Use of the Therapy App Prescinde for Increasing Adherence to Smoking Cessation Treatment

Tobacco use poses major health risks and is a major contributor to causes of death worldwide. Mobile phone-based cessation apps for this substance are gaining popularity, often used as a component of traditional interventions. This study aimed to analyze adherence to an intervention using a mobile phone application (App-therapy Prescinde (v1)) as a function of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, educational level, and profession) as well as the primary activities supported by the app (reducing tobacco or cannabis use and increasing physical exercise). The participants were recruited through the web pages of the Occupational Risk Prevention Service and the Psychology Clinic of the University of Granada during the COVID-19 confinement period. The application’s contents include three components (self-report, motivational phrases, and goal setting). Our findings indicate that being male, being aged between 26 and 62, having a high school education, and being unemployed increase the likelihood of adherence to the Prescinde therapy app three months after usage. Our findings highlight the importance of developing new therapeutic approaches and conducting in-depth studies on the factors associated with adherence to tobacco cessation and cannabis cessation treatments via mobile phone applications.The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee of University of Granada (568/CEIH/2018)

Evaluation of protective effect of different dietary fibers on polyphenolic profile stability of maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz) during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion

The aim of this work was to determine the protective effect of different dietary fibers on (i) the recovery and bioaccessibility indexes, and (ii) the stability of polyphenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins) of maqui berry powder subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID). The extracts obtained in each phase (oral, gastric and intestinal) of GID were used to analyze the stability of polyphenolic compounds by HPLC, and the bioaccessibility of these compounds was also determined. At the end of the GID process, the mixture of maqui berry with the different fibers increased the bioaccessibility index of the phenolic and flavonoid compounds in all cases. The results obtained suggest that the anthocyanins and phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds present in maqui are stabilized through dietary fiber interactions, which might provide sufficient levels for absorption during gastrointestinal digestion. The gums sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum and guar gum provided the best protective effect

Propuesta de sistema para garantizar la calidad fitosanitaria de los alimentos en la logística de transporte con el fin de ser implementado con nanotecnología

83 p.La nanotecnología ha tomado una gran fuerza estos últimos años, debido a que puede generar múltiples soluciones a las diversas áreas que existen. En este caso en particular, tenemos que en la industria agroalimentaria cuenta con el uso de nanopartículas, nanocomposite, biosensores y nanotubos, entre otros, que ayudan a una pronta detección de residuos. Gracias a estas innovadoras ideas, se pueden generar otras en las diferentes etapas que tiene la industria alimentaria, como lo es la de transporte. Poder controlar las condiciones fitosanitarias de los alimentos cuando son transportados, no es algo que tenga una solución hoy en día, ya que la gran mayoría de las empresas toman las temperaturas manualmente cuando los productos llegan a su destino, provocando una reducción en los tiempos de trabajo y además una carga adicional para el trabajador encargado. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este proyecto es generar una propuesta o prototipo de sistema a base de sensores que midan la temperatura y humedad ambiente durante el transporte de alimentos, esto para que garanticen y controlen las condiciones fitosanitarias de los alimentos en la etapa de transporte. Adicional a lo anterior, la propuesta también incluye un sistema de información que guarde los datos que se van obteniendo de los sensores, todo esto de manera ordenada y clara para que pueda ser utilizado de una manera fácil y eficiente. // ABSTRACT: Nanotechnology has gained great strength in recent years, because it can generate multiple solutions to the various areas that exist. In this particular case, we have in the food industry the use of nanoparticles, nanocomposite, biosensors and nanotubes, among others, that help in the early detection of residues. Thanks to these innovative ideas, others can be generated in the different stages of the food industry, such as transportation. Being able to control the phytosanitary conditions of food when it is transported is not something that has a solution today, since the vast majority of companies take the temperatures manually when the products arrive at their destination, causing a reduction in working time and also an additional burden for the worker in charge. Therefore, the objective of this project is to generate a proposal or prototype of a system based on sensors that measure the temperature and humidity during food transportation, in order to guarantee and control the phytosanitary conditions of the food during the transportation stage. In addition to the above, the proposal also includes an information system that stores the data obtained from the sensors, all this in an orderly and clear manner so that it can be used in an easy and efficient way

Vertical characterization of fine and coarse dust particles during an intense Saharan dust outbreak over the Iberian Peninsula in springtime 2021

An intense and long-lasting Saharan dust outbreak crossed the Iberian Peninsula (IP) from the southwest (SW) to the northeast (NE) from 25 March until 7 April 2021. This work aims to assess the optical and mass contribution of both fine and coarse dust particles along their transport. Five Iberian lidar stations were monitoring the transport and evolution of the Saharan dust particles, i.e. El Arenosillo/Huelva, Granada, Torrejon/Madrid and Barcelona in Spain, and evora in Portugal. The particular meteorological conditions determined the aerosol scenario along the overall dust event, differing in the first part of the event (25-31 March), in which the strongest dust incidence occurred on 29-31 March at the south and central stations and 1 April at Barcelona, from the second one (1-7 April). The use of the two-step POLIPHON algorithm showed the relevance of using polarized lidar measurements for separating the aerosol properties of dust fine and coarse particles as an added value. Both the fine dust (Df) and coarse dust (Dc) components of the total particle backscatter coefficient (total dust, DD = Dc + Df) were separately derived. The dust plume was well-mixed with height and no significant differences were found in the vertical structure of both the Dc and Df particle backscatter coefficients. From the beginning of the dust outbreak until 1 April, the vertical Df / DD mass ratio was nearly constant in time at each station and also in altitude with values of & SIM; 10 %. Moreover, the mean dust optical depth at 532 nm was decreasing along that dust pathway, reporting values from SW to NE stations of 0.34 at El Arenosillo/Huelva, 0.28 at Granada, 0.20 at evora, 0.28 at Torrejon/Madrid, and 0.14 at Barcelona, although its Df / DD ratio remained almost constant (28 %-30 %). A similar pattern was found for the total dust mass loading and its Df / DD ratio, i.e. mostly decreasing mean mass values were reported, being constant in its Df / DD ratio (& SIM; 10 %) along the SW-NE dust pathway. In addition, the episode-mean centre-of-mass height increased with latitude overall, showing a high variability, being greater than 0.5 km at the southern sites (El Arenosillo/Huelva, Granada, evora) and & SIM; 1.0 km at Torrejon/Madrid and Barcelona. However, despite the relatively high intensity of the dust intrusion, the expected ageing of the dust particles was hardly observed, by taking into account the minor changes found in the contribution and properties of the coarse and fine dust particles. This is on the basis that the IP is relatively close to the Saharan dust sources and then, under certain dust transport conditions, any potential ageing processes in the dust particles remained unappreciated. The following must be highlighted: the different relative contribution of the fine dust particles to the total dust found for their optical properties (& SIM; 30 %) associated with the radiative effect of dust, with respect to that for the mass features (& SIM; 10 %) linked to air quality issues, along the overall dust event by crossing the IP.Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government PID2019-104205GB-C21/AEI/10.13039/50110001103

References Values of Soluble alpha-Klotho Serum Levels Using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Healthy Adults Aged 18-85 Years

Hector Vazquez-Lorente (FPU18/03655) and Lucas Jurado-Fasoli (FPU19/01609) are under an FPU fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Education. This study is part of a Ph.D. thesis conducted in the Biomedicine Doctoral Studies of the University of Granada, Spain. The APC was funded by San Cecilio University Hospital, FIBAO, IBS-Granada, Spain.alpha-Klotho protein is a powerful predictor of the aging process and lifespan. Although lowered circulating soluble alpha-Klotho levels have been observed in aged non-healthy individuals, no specific reference values across a wide range of ages and sex using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are available for larger cohorts of healthy individuals. The present analytical cross-sectional study was aimed to establish the reference values of soluble alpha-Klotho serum levels in healthy adults by age and sex groups. A total of 346 (59% women) healthy individuals aged from 18 to 85 years were recruited. Subjects were divided by sex and age as: (i) young (18-34.9 years), (ii) middle-aged (35-54.9 years), and (iii) senior (55-85 years) individuals. The soluble alpha-Klotho levels were measured in serum using ELISA. Senior adults were the age-group that presented the lowest soluble alpha-Klotho serum levels (p < 0.01), with age showing a negative association with soluble alpha-Klotho serum levels (p < 0.001). No differences between sexes were observed. Therefore, soluble alpha-Klotho levels were especially decreased-regardless of sex-in our cohort of healthy individuals because of the physiological decline derived from the aging process. We recommend routine assessments of soluble alpha-Klotho levels using ELISA as a simple and cheap detectable marker of aging that improves quality of life in the elderly.Spanish Government FPU18/03655 FPU19/01609San Cecilio University Hospital, FIBAO, IBS-Granada, Spai