Polnisch-schwedische Beziehungen nach dem 2. Weltkrieg in besonderem Hinblick auf polnische Emigranten

Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit den polnisch-schwedischen Beziehungen nach dem 2.Weltkrieg. Die qualitative Analyse von Zeitungsartikeln und Reiseberichten sowie von individuell durchgeführten Interviews mit polnischen Immigranten in Schweden führte zu dem Schluss, dass die Hypothese, dass Schweden während des sozialistischen Regimes als ein paradiesisches Land betrachtet wurde, im Rahmen dieser Arbeit nicht bestätigt werden konnte.Die Wahrnehmungen der polnischen Reisenden und Migranten in Schweden stellen eine Mischung aus Bewunderung und Verachtung dar, wobei Schweden einerseits als ein vorbildliches Land galt, andererseits aber für sein Sozialsystem und die Gleichberechtigung der Frauen kritisiert wurde. Weitere Forschung könnte eine breiter angelegte quantitative Untersuchung über die Einstellung der Polen den Schweden gegenüber beinhalten, die zu anderen Ergebnissen führen könnte.This thesis deals with the issue of the Polish-Swedish relationship after the Second World War. The qualitative analysis of newspaper articles and travel reports, as well as individually conducted interviews with Polish immigrants living in Sweden, led to the conclusion that the main hypothesis stating that Sweden was regarded as a paradise country during the Socialist times could not be proved within the frame of this thesis. The perceptions of Polish travellers and immigrants to Sweden showcased a mixture of admiration and disdain, with Sweden serving as a role model country while at the same time being criticised for its welfare system and the fight for women's equality. Further research questions should include a broader quantitative approach towards Polish perceptions of Sweden, which could also lead to a different conclusion

Acid selective pro-dye for cellular compartments

A novel pro-dye approach for the acid-selective staining of the subcellular compartments for better permeability and selectivity was applied. The designed sensor has suitable physicochemical properties such as a large Stokes shift and a long-lived intracellular fluorescence. The Schiff base fragment was used for the acid-sensitive release of a fluorophore without affecting the overall stability of the biological systems. Due to the presence of an imine bond in its structure and its unique fluorescent properties, it can be presented as a “pro-dye” for acidic structures such as lysosomes. As a result of an imine bond cleavage, a new fluorescent compound is released, whose substantially shifted excitation and emission wavelengths enable a more selective and effective imaging of lysosomes and endosomes. The presented report provides the chemical, physicochemical and optical profiles as well as biological assays and theoretical calculations

The environmental and landscape values of the small lowland river valley and their threats on the example of the Kraska river (Masovian Voivodeship)

The environmental and landscape values of the Kraska River Valley as the typical example of small lowland water flow path were analysed. The WULS-SGGW method, allowing to the estimation of whole valley reach as well as its peculiar eco-morphological zones, was used. The unregulated, regulated in the years 1990– –2012 and continuously maintained from the year 2015 reaches are present in the valley. It was stated that the unregulated reaches characterise themselves by higher environmental values and biological diversity, especially in the case of invertebrate fauna. The invertebrates, as the key element of the river community, quickly rebuild their structure after the termination of maintenance works. The vertebrate fauna, even unconnected strictly with the riverbed, shows higher values on the unmaintained valley reaches

Theoretical and experimental investigations of large stokes shift fluorophores based on a quinoline scaffold

A series of novel styrylquinolines with the benzylidene imine moiety were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized for their applicability in cellular staining. The spectroscopic study revealed absorption in the ultraviolet–visible region (360–380 nm) and emission that covered the blue-green range of the light (above 500 nm). The fluorescence quantum yields were also determined, which amounted to 0.079 in the best-case scenario. The structural features that are behind these values are also discussed. An analysis of the spectroscopic properties and the theoretical calculations indicated the charge-transfer character of an emission, which was additionally evaluated using the Lippert–Mataga equation. Changes in geometry in the ground and excited states, which had a significant influence on the emission process, are also discussed. Additionally, the capability of the newly synthesized compounds for cellular staining was also investigated. These small molecules could effectively penetrate through the cellular membrane. Analyses of the images that were obtained with several of the tested styrylquinolines indicated their accumulation in organelles such as the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum

The role of oxidative stress in activity of anticancer thiosemicarbazones

Thiosemicarbazones are chelators of transition metals such as iron or copper whose anticancer potency is intensively investigated. Although two compounds from this class have entered clinical trials, their precise mechanism of action is still unknown. Recent studies have suggested the mobilization of the iron ions from a cell, as well as the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, and the formation of reactive oxygen species. The complexity and vague nature of this mechanism not only impedes a more rational design of novel compounds, but also the further development of those that are highly active that are already in the preclinical phase. In the current work, a series of highly active thiosemicarbazones was studied for their antiproliferative activity in vitro. Our experiments indicate that these complexes have ionophoric properties and redox activity. They appeared to be very effective generating reactive oxygen species and deregulating the antioxidative potential of a cell. Moreover, the genes that are responsible for antioxidant capacity were considerably deregulated, which led to the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. On the other hand, good intercalating properties of the studied compounds may explain their ability to cleave DNA strands and to also poison related enzymes through the formation of reactive oxygen species. These findings may help to explain the particularly high selectivity that they have over normal cells, which generally have a stronger redox equilibrium

Live cell imaging by 3-imino-(2-phenol)-1,8-naphthalimides : the effect of ex vivo hydrolysis

A series of 3-amino-N-substituted-1,8-naphthalimides and their salicylic Schiff base derivatives were synthesized. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed using 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis and COSY and HMQC for the representative molecules. The photophysical (UV–Vis, PL) and biological properties of all of the prepared compounds were studied. It was found that the amine with the nhexyl group in EtOH had the highest PL quantumyield (Ф=85%) compared to the others.Moreover, the chelating properties of the azomethines with the n-hexyl group (1a, 1b, 1c) were tested against various cations (Al3+, Ba2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Fe2+, Fe3+,Mn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Sr2+ and Zn2+) in an acetonitrile, acetone and PBS/AC mixture. Compounds that contained the electron withdrawing groups (-Br, -I) had the ability to chelate most of the studied cations, while the unsubstituted derivative chelated only the trivalent cations such as Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ in acetonitrile. The effect of the environment on the keto-enol tautomeric equilibrium was also demonstrated, especially in the case of the derivativewith a bromine atom. The biological studies showed that the tested molecules had no cytotoxicity. Additionally, the ability to image intracellular organelles such as the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum was revealed. The crucial role of the hydrolysis of imines for cellular imaging was presented

Design, synthesis and in Vitro activity of anticancer styrylquinolines. The p53 Independent Mechanism of Action

A group of styrylquinolines were synthesized and tested for their anti-proliferative activity. Anti-proliferative activity was evaluated against the human colon carcinoma cell lines that had a normal expression of the p53 protein (HCT116 p53+/+) and mutants with a disabled TP53 gene (HCT116 p53-/-) and against the GM 07492 normal human fibroblast cell line. A SAR study revealed the importance of Cl and OH as substituents in the styryl moiety. Several of the compounds that were tested were found to have a marked anti-proliferative activity that was similar to or better than doxorubicin and were more active against the p53 null than the wild type cells. The cellular localization tests and caspase activity assays suggest a mechanism of action through the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in a p53-independent manner. The activity of the styrylquinoline compounds may be associated with their DNA intercalating ability

The effect of glycerin content in sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)- based hydrogels for wound dressing application

The impact of different amounts of glycerin, which was used in the system of sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) hydrogel materials on the properties, such as gel fraction, swelling ability, degradation in simulated body fluids, morphological analysis, and elongation tests were presented. The study shows a significant decrease in the gel fraction from 80.5 2.1% to 45.0 1.2% with the increase of glycerin content. The T5 values of the tested hydrogels were varied and range from 88.7 C to 161.5 C. The presence of glycerin in the matrices significantly decreased the thermal resistance, which was especially visible by T10 changes (273.9 to 163.5 C). The degradation tests indicate that most of the tested materials do not degrade throughout the incubation period and maintain a constant ion level after 7-day incubation. The swelling abilities in distilled water and phosphate buffer solution are approximately 200–300%. However, we noticed that these values decrease with the increase in glycerin content. All tested matrices are characterized by the maximum elongation rate at break in a range of 37.6–69.5%. The FT-IR analysis exhibits glycerin changes in hydrogel structures, which is associated with the cross-linking reaction. Additionally, cytotoxicity results indicate good adhesion properties and no toxicity towards normal human dermal fibroblasts

Novel benzenesulfonate scaffolds with a high anticancer activity and G2/M cell cycle arrest

Sulfonates, unlike their derivatives, sulphonamides, have rarely been investigated for their anticancer activity. Unlike the well-known sulphonamides, esters are mainly used as conve-nient intermediates in a synthesis. Here, we present the first in-depth investigation of quinazoline sulfonates. A small series of derivatives were synthesized and tested for their anticancer activity. Based on their structural similarity, these compounds resemble tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the p53 reactivator CP-31398. Their biological activity profile, however, was more related to sulphonamides because there was a strong cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Further investigation revealed a multitargeted mechanism of the action that corresponded to the p53 protein status in the cell. Al-though the compounds expressed a high submicromolar activity against leukemia and colon cancers, pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma were also susceptible. Apoptosis and autophagy were confirmed as the cell death modes that corresponded with the inhibition of metabolic activity and the activation of the p53-dependent and p53-independent pathways. Namely, there was a strong activation of the p62 protein and GADD44. Other proteins such as cdc2 were also expressed at a higher level. More-over, the classical caspase-dependent pathway in leukemia was observed at a lower concentration, which again confirmed a multitargeted mechanism. It can therefore be concluded that the sulfonates of quinazolines can be regarded as promising scaffolds for developing anticancer agents