Quemaduras. Programa de salud en prevención y educación de la población infantil en el hogar

Introducción: En nuestro país se registran cada año un número elevado de lesiones por quemaduras. Aproximadamente, una de cada dos quemaduras corresponde a pacientes en edad pediátrica. Las quemaduras en la población infantil representan un serio problema, ya que el riesgo de morir que tiene el niño quemado es mayor que el del adulto. Los domicilios son los lugares donde se producen la mayoría de las quemaduras infantiles. Las producidas por escaldadura y quemadura térmica son las más frecuentes. A nivel mundial, estos accidentes ocupan el primer lugar en causas de muerte en edades de 1 a 14 años y es 5 veces superior a los ocasionados por tránsito. Objetivos: Realizar un programa de prevención y educación de salud sobre quemaduras en la población infantil, preferentemente en el hogar. Metodología: La revisión bibliográfica se ha realizado mediante la búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos científicas como Scielo, Science Direct, Dialnet y Cuiden. También se ha recurrido a la búsqueda de información en Google Académico, la página del Ministerio de Sanidad, Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, y la revista Elsevier, entre otras. Conclusiones: Existen diferentes tipos de quemaduras por la gran variedad de agentes causales. Las consecuencias de cada una de ellas, tanto a nivel físico como psicológico (y fisiológico) en la víctima, hacen necesario poner en marcha programas de educación y prevención. Cuando un niño muere de forma inesperada por un accidente, se convierte en una gran tragedia para las personas que están a su alrededor y, aquellas que producen lesiones no mortales, suponen un gran impacto económico en los servicios de salud

Dynamic Changes in miRNA Expression during the Generation of Expanded and Activated NK Cells

Cytotoxicity; Immunotherapy; miRNACitotoxicidad; Inmunoterapia; miARNCitotoxicitat; Immunoteràpia; miRNATherapies based on allogenic Natural Killer (NK) cells are becoming increasingly relevant, and our laboratory has produced expanded and activated NK (eNK) cells that are highly cytotoxic against several hematological cancers when used alone or in combination with currently approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. In order to produce eNK cells, healthy human donor NK cells undergo a 20-day expansion protocol with IL-2, IL-15 and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid feeder cells. In order to produce an even more potent eNK-based therapy, we must elucidate the changes our protocol produces within healthy NK cells. To understand the post-transcriptional changes responsible for the increased cytolytic abilities of eNK cells, we performed microRNA (miRNA) expression analysis on purified NK cells from day 0 and day 20 of the protocol using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). Of the 384 miRNAs profiled, we observed changes in the expression of 64 miRNAs, with especially significant changes in 7 of them. The up-regulated miRNAs of note were miRs-146a, -124, -34a, and -10a, which are key in the regulation of cell survival through the modulation of pro-apoptotic genes such as PUMA. The down-regulation of miRs-199a, -223, and -340 was also detected and is associated with the promotion of NK cell cytotoxicity. We validated our analysis using immunoblot and flow cytometry studies on specific downstream targets of both up- and down-regulated miRNAs such as PUMA and Granzyme B. These results corroborate the functional importance of the described miRNA expression patterns and show the wide variety of changes that occur in eNK cells at day 20.This research was supported by project PID2019-105128RB-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and “FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa” and by Government of Aragon grant B31_20R

Assessment of plasma chitotriosidase activity, CCL18/PARC concentration and NP-C suspicion index in the diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C: a prospective observational study

Additional file 1. Patient questionnaire

Ampelography and microsatellite DNA analysis of autochthonous and endangered grapevine cultivars in the province of Huesca (Spain)

The province of Huesca (Spain) is a traditional area for growing grapevines. There are archaeological evidences of their cultivation at least since the second century B.C. Nevertheless, in the last years the varietal diversity is markedly decreasing due to the rooting out of old plantations that are replaced with new broadly known varieties, since the market demands a certain standardization of the wine producing varieties. The objective of this study is to examine and characterise the existing varieties in the province of Huesca, mainly in vineyards planted before 1960. A total of 47 accessions were collected in 14 plots from 11 municipalities. Moreover 36 accessions from the region, planted at the Movera grapevine germplasm bank (Movera collection), located at Zaragoza (Spain) were included in the study. Ampelographic characterisation was carried out with 50 OIV descriptors for two consecutive years. Molecular characterisation was made with the following microsatellites: VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79. Ampelographic results were compared by cluster analysis. Most of the accessions were identified, being considered as new varieties: two white, Carrillera and Moscatel, and six red or black: Macicillo, Bomogastro, Angelina, Terrer, Parraleta Roja and Garnacha Gorda. Several new synonymies were detected, as Miguel for Vitadillo or Parrel for Trepat. Seven accessions remained unidentified. Out of the studied Vitis vinifera varieties, 23 were considered as endangered, indicating the valuable patrimony of the zone to be preserved

Screening of APOB Gene Mutations in Subjects with Clinical Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Monogenic hypercholesterolemia is a group of lipid disorders, most of which have autosomal dominant transmission. Familial defective apoB (FDB) resulting from mutations in the APOB gene is a well-recognized cause of autosomal dominant monogenic hypercholesterolemia (ADMH). However, the frequency of FDB among patients with ADMH is not well established. The aim of our research was to screen for mutations responsible for FDB in subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia. We studied 408 patients from the Spanish Register of Familial Hypercholesterolemia, proportionally distributed among all Spanish regions. Abnormal SSCP patterns of the APOB gene were checked by DNA sequencing and restriction analysis. Three out of the 408 patients were carriers of the R3500Q mutation, and 2 subjects were carriers of the silent T3552T mutation; in both of these patients functional mutations in the LDL receptor gene were found. We conclude that FDB is not a common cause of ADMH in Spain; the R3500Q mutation is the only mutation in APOB causing FDB, and the LDL receptor binding domain of APOB is highly conserved in the studied sample

Physical Activity in Work and Leisure Time during Pregnancy, and Its Influence on Maternal Health and Perinatal Outcomes

Background: Physical inactivity during pregnancy has been shown to be linked to an increased risk of complications. However, during pregnancy, doubts arise about what type, intensity and frequency of physical activity are most recommended. Objective: Our main objective was to know the level of physical activity (PA) and sedentary lifestyle in a representative sample of pregnant women in Málaga, one of the most populated cities in Spain. Also, we aimed to find out the effects of PA on obstetric and perinatal outcomes and on the mental health of pregnant women, differentiated according to PA intensity and domain. Methods: Five hundred and forty full-term pregnant women who had their obstetric checks in the maternity ward of the Regional University Hospital of Málaga were recruited through consecutive sampling. Participants answered a questionnaire that included the WHO Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), the Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and some other sociodemographic and health-related questions. Subsequently, information about perinatal outcomes was obtained after birth. Results: Only 50.8% of women followed the WHO recommendations on activity. We found a high proportion of obese pregnant women and a direct effect of a sedentary lifestyle on the rate of cesarean sections and vulvovaginal tears in spontaneous births, as well as on the mental health of future mothers. Women’s age, the number of children, BMI at the beginning of pregnancy and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) explained anxiety scores, and age, LTPA, BMI at the end of pregnancy and intense work-related physical activity (WTPA) predicted depression scores. Conclusions: LTPA improves obstetric outcomes, helping to reduce the rate of cesarean sections and vulvovaginal tears, as well as reducing prenatal anxiety and depression.University of Malaga’s Research Plan: Funds for Research Initiation Grant

Efficacy of an intradialysis strength-stamina training programme in combination with neuromuscular electrostimulation: improvement in functional capacity, strength, and quality of life

Premio de investigación en enfermería nefrológica Janssen-Cilag 2010The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a programme of strength-stamina exercises during haemodialysis, in improving muscular strength, quality of life and functional capacity to carry out everyday activities. A quantitative, experimental pre-test and post-test study was carried out. A programme of strength-stamina exercises in combination with neuromuscular electrostimulation was applied to 10 patients undergoing haemodialysis. These were three simple exercises adapted to the position in which haemodialysis was carried out. All the patients showed a significant improvement in strength, measured using functional tests to carry out everyday activities: walking (6-MWT) and sit-to-stand tests (10-STS). These tests were measured before and after the training programme. They also showed an improvement in the physical dimension of the quality of life measured using the specific questionnaire for renal patients, KDQOL-SFTM.YesEl propósito de este estudio fue determinar la eficacia de un programa de ejercicios de fuerza-resistencia durante la hemodiálisis, en la mejora de la fuerza muscular, calidad de vida y capacidad funcional para la realización de actividades de la vida diaria. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo y experimental de tipo pretest y postest. Se aplicó un programa de ejercicios de fuerza-resistencia en combinación con electroestimulación neuromuscular a 10 pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis. Fueron tres ejercicios de sencilla ejecución adaptados a la posición en la que se realizaba la hemodiálisis. Todos los pacientes mostraron una mejoría significativa en la fuerza, medida mediante test funcionales para la realización de las actividades de la vida diaria: caminar (6-MWT) y sentarse-levantarse (10-STS). Estos test fueron medidos antes y después del programa de entrenamiento. También mostraron mejoría en la dimensión física de la calidad de vida medida mediante el cuestionario específico para el enfermo renal, el KDQOL-SFTM

Lectura y comprensión de textos excritos y su aplicación práctica en el aula

Los objetivos del proyecto son conocer e identificar los problemas y dificultades que tienen los alumnos en la lectura;fomentar la lectura partiendo de una metodología dinámica; crear y propiciar un ambiente motivador para la lectura; incidir en el trabajo sistemático diario de la lectura; eliminar hábitos incorrectos de lectura; instaurar hábitos correctos favorecedores de un normal desempeño lector; adquirir un nivel medio en velocidad lectora; evitar pérdidas de la secuencia lectora; adquirir una mayor agilidad, percepción y amplitud del campo visual; fomentar una mayor motivacion hacia la lectura. Para ello se ha realizado una sesión semanal, con los alumnos en el área de Lengua durante el curso escolar. Los maestros implicados han mantenido reuniones quincenales para conocer el material a trabajar, preparar las pruebas a realizar, valorar resultados, seleccionar materiales etc. El proyecto trata de localizar y conocer los errores cometidos por los alumnos en la lectura y la comprensión de textos escritos, para posteriormente lograr una mejor eficacia lectora que posibilite un mayor aprovechamiento educativo. Después de una valoración inicial de los alumnos y de pruebas de comprensión lectora, se han elaborado materiales de apoyo, que se han aplicado en el aula, con el fin de propiciar una mejora en la velocidad y en la comprensión lectora..Gobierno de Cantabria. Consejería de Educación y JuventudCantabriaES

Genetic Variants of <i>LDLR</i> and <i>PCSK9</i> Associated with Variations in Response to Antihypercholesterolemic Effects of Armolipid Plus with Berberine

<div><p>Background</p><p>Armolipid Plus (AP) is a nutraceutical that contains policosanol, fermented rice with red yeast, berberine, coenzyme Q10, folic acid, and astaxanthin. It has been shown to be effective in reducing plasma LDL cholesterol (LDLc) levels. In the multicenter randomized trial NCT01562080, there was large interindividual variability in the plasma LDLc response to AP supplementation. We hypothesized that the variability in LDLc response to AP supplementation may be linked to <i>LDLR</i> and <i>PCSK9</i> polymorphisms.</p><p>Material and Methods</p><p>We sequenced the <i>LDLR</i> 3′ and 5′ untranslated regions (UTR) and the <i>PCSK9</i> 5′ UTR of 102 participants with moderate hypercholesterolemia in trial NCT01562080. In this trial, 50 individuals were treated with AP supplementation and the rest with placebo.</p><p>Results</p><p>Multiple linear regression analysis, using the response of LDLc levels to AP as the dependent variable, revealed that polymorphisms rs2149041 (c.-3383C>G) in the <i>PCSK9</i> 5′ UTR and rs14158 (c.*52G>A) in the <i>LDLR</i> 3′ UTR explained 14.1% and 6.4%, respectively, of the variability after adjusting for gender, age, and BMI of individuals. Combining polymorphisms rs2149041 and rs14158 explained 20.5% of this variability (<i>p</i> < 0.004).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Three polymorphisms in the 3′ UTR region of <i>LDLR</i>, c.*52G>A, c.*504G>A, and c.*773A>G, and two at the 5′ UTR region of <i>PCSK9</i>, c.−3383C>G and c.−2063A>G, were associated with response to AP. These results could explain the variability observed in the response to berberine among people with moderate hypercholesterolemia, and they may be useful in identifying patients who could potentially benefit from supplementation with AP.</p></div