Hidronefrosis e hidrouréter unilaterales debidos a un carcinoma indiferenciado ureteral en un perro

Una Bóxer, hembra no castrada, de ocho años de edad, se presentó en la consulta con un cuadro de cojera intermitente. En su historia clínica destacaba el diagnóstico de leishmaniosis seis meses antes, agravada por una insuficiencia renal de grado II según la clasificación IRIS. Las pruebas de imagen resultaron esenciales para establecer el diagnóstico presuntivo de hidronefrosis e hidrouréter unilaterales debidos a una masa ureteral con posible metástasis regional. Se propuso la realización de una ureteronefrectomía pero, dado el pronóstico reservado, los propietarios solicitaron la eutanasia del animal. A partir de los resultados histopatológicos, se estableció el diagnóstico definitivo de carcinoma indiferenciado ureteral con metástasis en los linfonodos inguinales. El objetivo de este artículo es describir un caso poco frecuente de neoplasia ureteral en un perro. En la discusión se compara el caso con los descritos previamente en la bibliografía veterinaria. Se incide particularmente en la dificultad en el diagnóstico y en la necesidad de establecer la viabilidad del riñón contralateral antes de realizar cualquier técnica quirúrgic

Molecular detection of vector-borne pathogens in blood and splenic samples from dogs with splenic disease

The spleen is a highly perfused organ involved in the immunological control and elimination of vector-borne pathogens (VBP), which could have a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of splenic disease. This study aimed to evaluate certain VBP in samples from dogs with splenic lesions. Seventy-seven EDTA-blood and 64 splenic tissue samples were collected from 78 dogs with splenic disease in a Mediterranean area. Babesia spp., Bartonella spp., Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp., Hepatozoon canis, Leishmania infantum, hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. and Rickettsia spp. were targeted using PCR assays. Sixty EDTA-blood samples from dogs without evidence of splenic lesions were included as a control group. More than half (51.56%) of the biopsies (33/64) were consistent with benign lesions and 48.43% (31/64) with malignancy, mostly hemangiosarcoma (25/31). PCR yielded positive results in 13 dogs with spleen alterations (16.67%), for Babesia canis (n = 3), Babesia gibsoni (n = 2), hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. (n = 2), Rickettsia massiliae (n = 1) and "Babesia vulpes" (n = 1), in blood; and for B. canis, B. gibsoni, Ehrlichia canis and L. infantum (n = 1 each), in spleen. Two control dogs (3.3%) were positive for B. gibsoni and H. canis (n = 1 each). Benign lesions were detected in the 61.54% of infected dogs (8/13); the remaining 38.46% were diagnosed with malignancies (5/13). Infection was significantly associated to the presence of splenic disease (P = 0.013). There was no difference in the prevalence of infection between dogs with benign and malignant splenic lesions (P = 0.69); however B. canis was more prevalent in dogs with hemangiosarcoma (P = 0.006). VBP infection could be involved in the pathogenesis of splenic disease. The immunological role of the spleen could predispose to alterations of this organ in infected dogs. Interestingly, all dogs with B. canis infection were diagnosed with hemangiosarcoma in the present survey. As previously reported, results support that VBP diagnosis could be improved by analysis of samples from different tissues. The sample size included here warrants further investigation. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2074-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

European multicenter study on antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from companion animal urinary tract infections

BACKGROUND: There is a growing concern regarding the increase of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in companion animals. Yet, there are no studies comparing the resistance levels of these organisms in European countries. The aim of this study was to investigate geographical and temporal trends of antimicrobial resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infection (UTI) in companion animals in Europe. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 22 256 bacteria isolated from dogs and cats with UTI was determined. Samples were collected between 2008 and 2013 from 16 laboratories of 14 European countries. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of the most common bacteria was determined for each country individually in the years 2012-2013 and temporal trends of bacteria resistance were established by logistic regression. RESULTS: The aetiology of uropathogenic bacteria differed between dogs and cats. For all bacterial species, Southern countries generally presented higher levels of antimicrobial resistance compared to Northern countries. Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli were found to be more prevalent in Southern countries. During the study period, the level of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolated in Belgium, Denmark, France and the Netherlands decreased significantly. A temporal increase in resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and gentamicin was observed among E. coli isolates from the Netherlands and Switzerland, respectively. Other country-specific temporal increases were observed for fluoroquinolone-resistant Proteus spp. isolated from companion animals from Belgium. CONCLUSIONS: This work brings new insights into the current status of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from companion animals with UTI in Europe and reinforces the need for strategies aiming to reduce resistance

Hidronefrosis e hidrouréter unilaterales debidos a un carcinoma indiferenciado ureteral en un perro

Una Bóxer, hembra no castrada, de ocho años de edad, se presentó en la consulta con un cuadro de cojera intermitente. En su historia clínica destacaba el diagnóstico de leishmaniosis seis meses antes, agravada por una insuficiencia renal de grado II según la clasificación IRIS. Las pruebas de imagen resultaron esenciales para establecer el diagnóstico presuntivo de hidronefrosis e hidrouréter unilaterales debidos a una masa ureteral con posible metástasis regional. Se propuso la realización de una ureteronefrectomía pero, dado el pronóstico reservado, los propietarios solicitaron la eutanasia del animal. A partir de los resultados histopatológicos, se estableció el diagnóstico definitivo de carcinoma indiferenciado ureteral con metástasis en los linfonodos inguinales. El objetivo de este artículo es describir un caso poco frecuente de neoplasia ureteral en un perro. En la discusión se compara el caso con los descritos previamente en la bibliografía veterinaria. Se incide particularmente en la dificultad en el diagnóstico y en la necesidad de establecer la viabilidad del riñón contralateral antes de realizar cualquier técnica quirúrgic

Molecular detection of vector-borne pathogens in blood and splenic samples from dogs with splenic disease

The spleen is a highly perfused organ involved in the immunological control and elimination of vector-borne pathogens (VBP), which could have a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of splenic disease. This study aimed to evaluate certain VBP in samples from dogs with splenic lesions. Seventy-seven EDTA-blood and 64 splenic tissue samples were collected from 78 dogs with splenic disease in a Mediterranean area. Babesia spp., Bartonella spp., Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp., Hepatozoon canis, Leishmania infantum, hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. and Rickettsia spp. were targeted using PCR assays. Sixty EDTA-blood samples from dogs without evidence of splenic lesions were included as a control group. More than half (51.56%) of the biopsies (33/64) were consistent with benign lesions and 48.43% (31/64) with malignancy, mostly hemangiosarcoma (25/31). PCR yielded positive results in 13 dogs with spleen alterations (16.67%), for Babesia canis (n = 3), Babesia gibsoni (n = 2), hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. (n = 2), Rickettsia massiliae (n = 1) and "Babesia vulpes" (n = 1), in blood; and for B. canis, B. gibsoni, Ehrlichia canis and L. infantum (n = 1 each), in spleen. Two control dogs (3.3%) were positive for B. gibsoni and H. canis (n = 1 each). Benign lesions were detected in the 61.54% of infected dogs (8/13); the remaining 38.46% were diagnosed with malignancies (5/13). Infection was significantly associated to the presence of splenic disease (P = 0.013). There was no difference in the prevalence of infection between dogs with benign and malignant splenic lesions (P = 0.69); however B. canis was more prevalent in dogs with hemangiosarcoma (P = 0.006). VBP infection could be involved in the pathogenesis of splenic disease. The immunological role of the spleen could predispose to alterations of this organ in infected dogs. Interestingly, all dogs with B. canis infection were diagnosed with hemangiosarcoma in the present survey. As previously reported, results support that VBP diagnosis could be improved by analysis of samples from different tissues. The sample size included here warrants further investigation. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2074-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Additional file 1: of Countrywide serological evaluation of canine prevalence for Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato), Dirofilaria immitis and Ehrlichia canis in Mexico

Dataset supporting the conclusions of this article. (XLSX 227 kb

Reply to "Reactive oxygen species and the segregation of mtDNA sequence variants

2 páginas -- PAGS nros. 571-572Reactive oxygen species and the segregation of mtDNA sequence variantsPeer reviewe

Differences in reactive oxygen species production explain the phenotypes associated with common mouse mitochondrial DNA variants

Common mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes in humans and mice have been associated with various phenotypes, including learning performance and disease penetrance. Notably, no influence of mtDNA haplotype in cell respiration has been demonstrated. Here, using cell lines carrying four different common mouse mtDNA haplotypes in an identical nuclear background, we show that the similar level of respiration among the cell lines is only apparent and is a consequence of compensatory mechanisms triggered by different production of reactive oxygen species. We observe that the respiration capacity per molecule of mtDNA in cells with the NIH3T3 or NZB mtDNA is lower than in those with the C57BL/6J, CBA/J or BALB/cJ mtDNA. In addition, we have determined the genetic element underlying these differences. Our data provide insight into the molecular basis of the complex phenotypes associated with common mtDNA variants and anticipate a relevant contribution of mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphisms to phenotypic variability in humans. © 2006 Nature Publishing Group.Peer Reviewe

Five entry points of the mitochondrially encoded subunits in mammalian complex I assembly

Complex I (CI) is the largest enzyme of the mammalian mitochondrial respiratory chain. The biogenesis of the complex is a very complex process due to its large size and number of subunits (45 subunits). The situation is further complicated due to the fact that its subunits have a double genomic origin, as seven of them are encoded by the mitochondrial DNA. Understanding of the assembly process and characterization of the involved factors has advanced very much in the last years. However, until now, a key part of the process, that is, how and at which step the mitochondrially encoded CI subunits (ND subunits) are incorporated in the CI assembly process, was not known. Analyses of several mouse cell lines mutated for three ND subunits allowed us to determine the importance of each one for complex assembly/stability and that there are five different steps within the assembly pathway in which some mitochondrially encoded CI subunit is incorporated