Study of pentoxifylline drug effect on Bax gene expression changes in kidney after ischemic/reperfusion in rat

Ischemia Reperfusion injury is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen. Ischemia Reperfusion induces cell death and endemic reaction that is one of the most important clinical problems with acute renal failure and renal transplantation. In this study, the effect of pentoxifylline on rat kidney function and cell injury following Ischemia Reperfusion were evaluated. In this experimental study, 20 male wistar rats with average weight of 250-300g were selected and then were accidently divided them on two tenth group of control and treatment groups. In the control group, celiotomy was performed by ventral midline incision. The left kidney was isolated, and then both the renal artery and vein were obstructed. After 60 minutes of warm ischemia, vessel obstruction resolved and the right kidney was removed. 72 hours after reperfusion, tissue samples were taken from left kidney for histopathology. All these steps in treatment group were exactly repeated after administration of 45 mg/kg/PO pentoxifylline (3 hours before operation) and in this group treatment was continued every 12h until 3 days. In this research quantitative real-time PCR is used for the detection expression Bax gene in ischemia group and PNT drug group and  compared to  normal sample .The results showed the gene dosage ratio of 1.24 for ischemia groups  and 0.64 for drug group. The results showed the expression Bax gene in PNT group  decline  than to  ischemia group. Therefore, quantitative real time PCR could be used as a direct method for detection of Bax gene expression in tested and normal samples.

Parallel Increases in Heterochromatin Variants and Chromosome Damages in Drugs Addicts

Polymorphisms of the size of heterochromatin regions and abnormalities of chromosomes have been well documented in human genome; they consist of DNA sequences that are not transcribed. The prime aim of the present study was to evaluate the heterochromatin polymorphism and numerical and structural abnormalities associated with chromosomes in drug addicts. No data exists in Iran regarding the cytogenetic characteristics of drug addiction lymphocytes. Therefore, cytogenetic investigations were performed in 93 drug addiction lymphocytes and 93 normal controls. This randomized collected study was conducted on 93 consecutive drug addiction individuals and 93 healthy individuals in Loghman and private hospitals, Tehran, Iran between the years 2007-2009. By applying Barium Hydroxide saline Giemsa (BSC) method, the variant heterochromatin polymorphism of chromosomes 1, 9 and 16 on lymphocyte cultures were evaluated. Cytogenetic analysis was performed in drug addicts’ lymphocytes cultures.Constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism of chromosomes 1 in drug addicts revealed statistical significant when compared with chromosome of healthy controls (P=0.004).  The differences were significant for chromosome 9 (P=0.029), it was 94.1%   in drug addiction and 5.9% in the control group (P=0.196). The differences were also significant for chromosome 16: it was 91.9% in addicts and 8.1% in the control group (P=0.052). Also the frequency of partial and complete inversion did not show any significant differences between the drugs addicts and the control group. The occurrence of chromosomal defects including, chromatid break (12 addicts), chromatid gap (8 addicts), dicentric (2 addicts), was higher in our observation. Our constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism blocks and chromosomal abnormalities in drugs addicts’ chromosome may provide an opportunity to serve as a marker for the detection and characterization of the damages chromosomes in drug addicts

Hypoxia and its Emerging Therapeutics in Neurodegenerative, Inflammatory and Renal Diseases

Hypoxia is a common underlying condition of many disease states. Hypoxia can occur with ischemia, a lack of blood flow to tissues, or independent of ischemia as in acute lung injury, anemia, and carbon monoxide poisoning. Hypoxia may be observed in patients with diseases such as obstructive sleep apnea, cerebrovascular diseases, systemic hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary hypertension and congestive heart failure (CHF), inflammatory disease states, and acute and chronic renal diseases. In the past decade, research has shown hypoxic signaling to be involved in a range of responses from adaptation of the body to reduced oxygen to pathogenesis of disease. Hypoxic signaling intermediates orchestrate a whole host of responses from angiogenesis, glycolysis, and erythropoiesis to inflammation and remodeling, which could be beneficial or harmful to the hosting organ. The length of exposure to low oxygen pressure as well as the existing signaling pathways within different cells dictates their benefit or disadvantage from hypoxic signaling. Therefore, activation or inhibition of hypoxic intermediates could serve as novel therapeutic strategies. In this chapter, we review the role of hypoxic signaling in neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and renal disease states and the emerging therapeutic approaches involving hypoxic signaling

Anticancer activity of curcumin on human breast adenocarcinoma: Role of Mcl-1 gene

Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among females in the world. To date, chemotherapy has been the most frequently used treatment for breast cancer and other cancers. However, some natural products have been used, as alternative treatments for cancers including breast cancer, due to their wide range of biological activities and low toxicity in animal models. Objectives: The present study examined the anti-proliferative activity of curcumin and its effect(s) on the apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: This study was performed by an in vitro assay and the anticancer effects of curcumin were determined by MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide). We used quantitative real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for detection of Mcl-1 gene expression in treated groups and then compared them to control samples. Results: In the treatment group, there were higher levels of cell death changes than the control group. The results also showed that the Mcl-1 gene expression declined in the tested group as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Our present findings indicated that curcumin significantly inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 by inducing apoptosis in a dose- and time- dependent manner, accompanied by a decrease in MCF-7 cell viability. Furthermore, our results showed that quantitative real-time PCR could be used as a direct method for detection Mcl-1 gene expression in tested samples and normal samples. © 2015, Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention

Major Congenital Metabolic Disorders in the First 12 years of Life in 79,100 Consecutively Born Children in Qazvin Province

ObjectiveDeficient enzyme activity may cause congenital metabolic defects. These defectsare inherited in an autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and X-linkedpatterns. This study was aimed at investigating the occurrence of metabolicdiseases in Qazvin Province.Materials & MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 79,100 children aged 12 years orless between 2000 and 2010. Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and allother essential information were assessed to precisely diagnose the metabolicdiseases. The sorted information on congenital metabolic defects of the patients,information included in a checklist, and data were analyzed usnig SPSS.ResultsA total of 57 metabolic disorders were recorded. The difference in the prevalenceof metabolic disorders between male (29 cases) and female (28 cases) wasnot statistically significant. The most frequent congenital metabolic disorderamong our patients was phenylketonuria (PKU; 5 per 1,000 cases), and the leastcommon disorder was galactosemia (3 per 1,000 cases).ConclusionTimely detection and management of congenital metabolic disorders canhelp save the affected children. Prenatal screening programs, molecular genetherapy, and counseling for consanguineous marriage can play important rolesin reducing the rate of metabolic disorders in this province.Keywords: Congenital metabolic disorders; prevalence; population; Qazvin  

Reverse staining method of polyacrylamide gels by imidazole-zinc salts for

The human papillomavirus L1 major capsid protein (HPV L1), the basis of the current vaccines, self-assembles into virus-like particles (VLPs). Herein, we describe the expression and purification of recombinant HPV16 L1 in E. coli system. The L1 protein was generated in a fused form using an inducible expression system. The recombinant GST-L1 fusion protein migrated as a 82 kDa protein in SDS-PAGE. The L1 proteins formed inclusion bodies which were purified by Zn+2 reverse staining of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels (SDS-PAGE) as a sensitive detection method. In western blotting, the existence of a 82 kDa band for GST-L1 protein was confirmed by anti-HPV16 L1 monoclonal antibody Camvir 1. The purified protein fraction was concentrated by ultrafiltration and dialyzed against PBS. This study has implications for the development of L1 protein purification as well as chromatographic separation used by other studies. Indeed, we could present a simple method to purify L1 protein in E. coli

Laboratory Use of Lectin Mitogens for Mitotic Stimulation of Human Lymphocytes

Lectins are believed to act as modulations of cell substratum interactions and to be essential for the normal differentiation and growth of all multicellular humans and animals. Although several lectins have been reported from microfungi, many more genera remain unexplored and their physiological role is also uncertain. The aim of this laboratory work was to make a comparison between self-made lectins (Indigenous) and commercial ones, following High Resolution Cell Synchronization technique (HRCS). Cytogenetic studies were performed in 175 normal healthy blood donor individuals of both genders and statistical analysis was performed. Our results indicated that the preparation of fresh phytohemagglutinin at the time of cell division and cell culture procedure reveals a satisfactory score. The overall frequency of mitotic index in our study was higher when compared with commercial imported Lectins (p < 0.05). The significant differences in the results may be due to fresh preparation. However, the cost effective, easy and nearest approach of this indigenous product, as well as the high demand for this product, among health care services can be considered.Highlights:Lectins act as essential factor of the normal differentiation and growth of all humans and animals.Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is a lectin (mucoprotein) from Phaseolus vulgaris.Crude extract of PHA could be used in human leucocyte cultures as mitotic stimulator.The indigenous PHA have used to identify chromosome preparation in normal conditions and malignancies

Variant complex chromosome translocation with chronic

A large number of simple or complex translocation involving the CML and AML chromosomal abnormalities has been described. This study was aimed to investigate the complex chromosome aberrations in the series of myeloid malignancies including CML and AML. The present report deals analyzed 187 consecutive with CML and AML patients, using Methotrexate  cell synchronization and  un-stimulated cultures of   cells to determine the incidence of chromosomal aberrations and association of complex variant chromosome anomalies according to  French American British morphological subtypes. The results revealed an abnormal karyotype with a novel complex translocation involving chromosomes 1,2,4,9,11,22.  Complex variant translocations   were found in two cases of AML and two cases of CML. The present reports provides sufficient grounds for assuming that a chromosomes involving of complex abnormalities  plays an important  role in the development of malignancy.

Healthcare Managers; Islamic Decision-making

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Decision-making is of paramount importance in personal, social, and organizational life, influencing both personal and organizational affairs. Indeed, all human’s life is a chain of decisions made by him (1). In this regard, decision-making in major managements, particularly in health sector where lives of people as well as physical and spiritual health are involved, is of particular importance.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here

Effect of Cyperus rotundus on ischemia-induced brain damage and memory dysfunction in rats

Objective(s): Global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury causes loss of pyramidal cells in CA1 region of hippocampus. In this study, we investigated the possible neuroprotective effects of the ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus (EECR) on a model of global transient ischemia in rat, by evaluating the pathophysiology of the hippocampal tissue and spatial memory. Materials and Methods: Treatment group (EECR, 100 mg/kg/day) was gavaged from 4 days before, to 3 days after ischemia. Morris water maze test was performed 1 week after ischemia for 4 days. Brain tissue was prepared for Nissl staining. Results: Our data showed no statistical difference between the treatment and ischemia groups in water maze task. So, treatment of ischemia with EECR cannot improve spatial learning and memory. On the contrary EECR ameliorated the CA1 pyramidal cell loss due to transient global ischemia/ reperfusion injury. Conclusion: These results suggest that EECR cannot reduce the ischemia-induced, cognitive impairments seen after transient, global cerebral ischemia but can prevent pyramidal cell loss in CA1 region of hippocampus. © 2015, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved