FEASIBILITY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BY CLOUD COMPUTING IN ASEAN REGION

One of the most vital societal challenges of the 21st century is sustainable development.The rapid development and application of information technology (IT) is a global trend with significant implications for sustainable development. According to the findings of global action plan, electronic devices such as computers, laptops, and mobile devices account for 2% of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. This figure cannot be reduced without effortsfromcompanies that support the “green IT” concept. Long-lasting products with low-energy consumption can save energy. However, green IT products have no international label. Even thoughseveral companies have developed certain labels, monitoring their quality remains difficult, and a guideline for quality checking is needed. Cloud storage is one of the methodsthat can reduce energy consumption. The main goal of the ASEAN community is to leverage on sustainable development in the ASEAN region through enhancing cooperation among member states in different aspects of life. In doing so, the ASEAN attempts to facilitate information exchange among member states which would be facilitatedby cloud storage. Therefore, creating a policy guideline is necessary to enable member states to mandate the use of large computing centers for companies to ensuresustainable energy savings. Companies typically use old servers that consume a significant amount of energy inefficiently. Thus, they need to set up fewer servers with highly efficient output.The purpose of this study is to consider the relationship between cloud computing and sustainability within the ASEAN region and to formulate a suitable legal framework for promoting cloud computing it amongmember states. This paper also aims to examine how ASEAN can encourage member states to utilize the cloud computing technology through legal frameworks thatare intended to reduce power consumption in the information and communication technology departments of various organizations

Assessment of COVID-19 control strategies in a steel industry using a SWOT matrix

According to the health regulations, industrial environments due to the gathering of people are considered as one of the highest-risk places during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, planning with regard to health concerns can decisively help in infection control and continuity of businesses during the pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the COVID-19 control management measures in the Sepid-farab Kavir Steel Complex (SKS complex) located in Isfahan province (Iran) using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) matrix. After a literature review and field surveys, all weak, strong, threatening, and opportunity points were collected and were listed using the internal factor evaluation (IFE) and external factor evaluation (EFE) matrices and then were prioritized and weighted. Next, given the sum of scores of IFE and EFE, the SWOT matrix was constructed, the disease prevention and control strategies in the complex was determined, and finally, experts proposed corrective measures to improve the current situation. The results of the IFE matrix (IFE) analysis showed that in terms of corona control, there are more weaknesses than strengths within the company (the score of this matrix was 201.12). Also the score of 165 on the EFE matrix indicated that external threats were predominant, compared to external opportunities of company. SWOT analysis showed that despite some external problems and challenges, the existence of a favorable internal decision-making system had an important role in developing appropriate health strategies and implementing effective prevention measures in SKS complex against the COVID-19. © The Author(s) 2021

The pre-contractual duty of disclosure in the Palestinian civil code draft and its role in maintaining economic contractual equilibrium

Many recent legislation's and international principles tend to apply the pre-contractual duty of disclosure as one of the most substantial principles governing the pre-contracting phase, such as Article 1112-1 of the Amended French Civil Code of 2016, Article 1337 of the Amended Italian Civil Code and Article 13 of Chapter of the Common European Sales Law, etc. However, the Palestinian legislature has ignored enacting legal provisions imposing the pre-contractual duty of disclosure. In this regard, this paper suggests orientations for the formulation of the provisions of the pre-contractual duty of disclosure in the Palestinian Civil Code Draft (PDCC). To do so, a comparative analytical approach with the French Civil Code is used to illustrate the Palestinian legislative deficiencies and the urgent need to legislate a legal article which obligates the negotiating party to disclose any substantial information for the satisfaction of the other party. As such, the contractual equilibrium entails that the pre-contractual duty of disclosure has its own independent essence from all the theories that the jurisprudence adopted as a legal basis for this duty

Pre-contractual obligation to confidentiality of information in the Palestinian civil code draft and its role in maintaining economic contractual equilibrium

A guarantee of successful life in this world and the hereafter would be achieved if Muslims live according to Islamic principles and teachings. Property and power that are entrusted to men by Allah SWT ought to be judiciously administered based on Islamic precepts. In brief, the administration of Islamic property aims to achieve hasanah (goodness) not only here but also the hereafter. Islam, as a complete way of life, has outlined the absolute guidance on property administration through a systematic law, i.e. the Islamic law of inheritance by means of wasiat (will), hibah (gift inter vivos) and waqf (charity). This article focused on the instrument of hibah under the administration of Islamic property and this includes comparisons of its principles and the reality of its application in Malaysia. Hibah is an element of the distribution of assets as drawn under the Islamic concept of managing property. Its concept, application and implementation need to be intensely understood. It has been occasionally observed that disputes would take place after the demise of the donor (the person who had exercised hibah) which complicates the distribution of the assets. Therefore, if this instrument is exercised differ entry between institutions but effectively and cautiously in line with the Islamic rules and principles, the rights of those entitled would be certainly safeguarded

Geometric and electronic structure of dysprosium thin films on tungsten surfaces

The rare earth thin films are frequently the focus of investigators due to their unusual structural and magnetic properties. Despite the potential interest of Dy/W systems to the surface/rare earth community, they have been little studied. This study is the first try of growing Dy on W(100) and W(112) and W(110) in which almost a complete set of information about film morphology and electronic structure of the surface and interface have been achieved. A set of different experiments have been done for this purpose including LEED, XPS, UPS (with synchrotron radiation) and STM. The growth modes of Dy on different W substrates (W(100), W(112) and W(110)) at RT and at elevated temperatures have been determined by XPS of Dy 3d_3_/_2 and W 4f intensities. Crystallographic ordering and the epitaxial relationship between adsorbate Dy and different W substrates have been studied with LEED and the effect of annealing temperature on the resultant superstructures was investigated. As a complementary study to the LEED and growth mode investigations of the film morphology, Dy/W(100) and Dy/W(112) systems have been studied by STM. Correlation between the STM results and associated LEED and growth mode studies have been discussed. The electronic structures of different Dy structures on W(100) have been investigated by Core Level Shift (CLS) and valence-band analysis using a synchrotron radiation. CLS of the W 4f_7_/_2 was used to investigate surface reactions which will take place between Dy and W during growth and subsequent annealing to understand what will happen to this system under annealing processes, necessary for improving film structure. The electronic band structure of Dy films have also been monitored during growth and annealing processes and correlation between changes in the film morphology, valance band changes and CLS of the W 4f_7_/_2 features were discussed. (author)SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DXN057810 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo