Hubbard Model with Luscher fermions

First applications of the new algorithm simulating dynamical fermions are reported. The method reproduces previous results obtained with different techniques.Comment: talk presented at the XII International Symposium LATTICE94, Bielefeld, Germany, September 1994, to appear in the Proceedings. 3 pages, LATEX, required Elsevier espcrc2.sty style file is attached at the end of this LATEX text. Postscript figures included in the latex document with the epsf facilit

Calibrations of alpha Cen A & B

Detailed evolutionary models of the visual binary alpha Centauri, including pre main-sequence evolution, have been performed using the masses recently determined by Pourbaix et al. (1999). Models have been constructed using the CEFF equation of state, OPAL opacities, NACRE thermonuclear reaction rates and microscopic diffusion. A chi^2-minimization is performed to derive the most reliable set of modeling parameters wp={t_alpha Cen, Yi, [Fe/H]i, alpha A, alpha B}, where t alpha Cen is the age of the system, Yi the initial helium content, [Fe/H]i the initial metallicity and, alpha A and alpha B the convection parameters of the two components. Using the basic Bohm-Vitense (1958) mixing-length theory of convection, we derive wp BV={2710 Myr, 0.284,0.257, 1.53, 1.57}. We obtain a noticeably smaller age than estimated previously, in agreement with Pourbaix et al. (1999), mainly because of the larger masses. If convective core overshoot is considered we get wp ov={3530 Myr, 0.279,0.264,1.64,1.66}. The use of Canuto & Mazitelli (1991, 1992) convection theory leads to the set wp CM={4086 Myr, 0.271, 0.264, 0.964, 0.986}. Using the observational constraints adopted by Guenther & Demarque (2000), and the basic mixing-length theory, we obtain wp GD={5640 Myr, 0.300, 0.296, 1.86, 1.97} and surface lithium depletions close to their observed values. A seismological analysis of our calibrated models has been performed. The determination of large and small spacings between the frequencies of acoustic oscillations from seismic observations would help to discriminate between the models of alpha Cen computed with different masses and to confirm or rules out the new determination of masses.Comment: accepted for publication by A&

Asteroseismology and calibration of alpha Cen binary system

Using the oscillation frequencies of alpha Cen A recently discovered by Bouchy & Carrier, the available astrometric, photometric and spectroscopic data, we tried to improve the calibration of the visual binary system alpha Cen. With the revisited masses of Pourbaix et al. (2002) we do not succeed to obtain a solution satisfying all the seismic observational constraints. Relaxing the constraints on the masses, we have found an age t_alpha Cen=4850+-500 Myr, an initial helium mass fraction Y_i = 0.300+-0.008, and an initial metallicity (Z/X)_i=0.0459+-0.0019, with M_A=1.100+-0.006M_o and M_B=0.907+-0.006M_o for alpha Cen A&B.Comment: accepted for publication as a letter in A&

Chronique de jurisprudence : droit bancaire. VI, Droit bancaire international : sûretés

La garantie ici délivrée était soumise aux règles uniformes en matière de garantie à première demande de la chambre de commerce internationale selon lesquelles, sauf convention expresse contraire, le bénéficiaire doit, conformément à l\u27article 20, déclarer par écrit que le donneur d\u27ordre a manqué à une ou plusieurs de ses obligations prévues par le contrat de base et préciser en quoi le donneur d\u27ordre a manqué à cette obligation. Le donneur d\u27ordre peut invoquer le manquement contractuel du garant de premier rang pour engager sa responsabilité délictuelle

Large NcN_c QCD at non-zero chemical potential

The general issue of large $N_c$ QCD at nonzero chemical potential is considered with a focus on understanding the difference between large $N_c$ QCD with an isospin chemical potential and large $N_c$ QCD with a baryon chemical potential. A simple diagrammatic analysis analogous to `t Hooft's analysis at $\mu=0$ implies that the free energy with a given baryon chemical potential is equal to the free energy with an isospin chemical potential of the same value plus $1/N_c$ corrections. Phenomenologically, these two systems behave quite differently. A scenario to explain this difference in light of the diagrammatic analysis is explored. This scenario is based on a phase transition associated with pion condensation when the isospin chemical potential exceeds $m_\pi/2$; associated with this transition there is breakdown of the $1/N_c$ expansion--in the pion condensed phase there is a distinct $1/N_c$ expansion including a larger set of diagrams. While this scenario is natural, there are a number of theoretical issues which at least superficially challenge it. Most of these can be accommodated. However, the behavior of quenched QCD which raises a number of apparently analogous issues cannot be easily understood completely in terms of an analogous scenario. Thus, the overall issue remains open