The use of electron scattering for studying atomic momentum distributions: The case of graphite and diamond

The momentum distributions of C atoms in polycrystalline diamond (produced by chemical vapor deposition) and in highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) are studied by scattering of 40 keV electrons at 135°. By measuring the Doppler broadening of the energy of the elastically scattered electrons, we resolve a Compton profile of the motion of the C atoms. The aim of the present work is to resolve long-standing disagreements between the calculated kinetic energies of carbon atoms in HOPG and in diamond films and the measured ones, obtained both by neutron Compton scattering (NCS) and by nuclear resonance photon scattering (NRPS). The anisotropy of the momentum distribution in HOPG was measured by rotating the HOPG sample relative to the electron beam. The obtained kinetic energies for the motion component along, and perpendicular to, the graphite planes were somewhat higher than those obtained from the most recent NCS data of HOPG. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that multiple scattering adds about 2% to the obtained kinetic energies. The presence of different isotopes in carbon affects the measurement at a 1% level. After correcting for these contributions, the kinetic energies are 3%-6% larger than the most recent NCS results for HOPG, but 15%-25% smaller than the NRPS results. For diamond, the corrected direction-averaged kinetic energy is ≈ 6% larger than the calculated value. This compares favorably to the ≈25% discrepancy between theory and both the NCS and NRPS results for diamond.This work is made possible by a grant of the Australian Research Council

A Decade of Membership: Hungarian Post-Accession Mobility to the United Kingdom

This paper examines Hungarian migration to the United Kingdom following EU accession. Migration from Hungary has generally been low both before and after accession, but trends have recently started to change. Based on the available statistical data, the paper explores the volume, key demographics and geographical distribution of this migration, and shows how a combination of economic, political and social factors is accountable for the migration of Hungarians to the United Kingdom. To give a human face to the phenomenon, the paper also builds on narrative interviews collected during recent ethnographic fieldwork in London, highlighting the role of economic decline, policy miscalculations, language competence and the online migration industry in shaping the motivations, aims and accommodation of migrants. The paper suggests that migration from Hungary may become more dominant in the second decade of the country’s EU membership than it has been during the first ten years

Book review: Karl Polanyi: a life on the left by Gareth Dale

In Karl Polanyi: A Life on the Left, Gareth Dale continues his longstanding intellectual engagement with one of the twentieth-century’s leading theorists of the market economy in a biography that traces the development of Polanyi’s thought against the backdrop of his life. While the book may not fully grapple with the contradictions that emerge within the account, Chris Moreh praises this laudable and definitive work that is likely to inspire a new generation of activist scholars through its exploration of Polanyi’s life and times

Book review: reconstructing Karl Polanyi: excavation and critique by Gareth Dale

In Reconstructing Karl Polanyi: Excavation and Critique, Gareth Dale contributes a further volume to his decade-long research into the life and thought of the influential political economist. Here, he provides an account of Polanyi’s specific contributions to the social sciences, reconstructs some of his more complex or elusive concepts and reflects on the relevance of his theories to present-day issues including the European Union. While he would recommend Dale’s previous works to those less familiar with Polanyi due to the book’s density, Chris Moreh praises this as a magisterial addition to Dale’s project that ensures that Polanyi’s thought is more alive than ever

Book review: why the UK voted for Brexit: David Cameron’s great miscalculation by Andrew Glencross

In Why the UK Voted for Brexit: David Cameron’s Great Miscalculation, Andrew Glencross offers an analysis of ‘Brexit’: the UK referendum vote on 23 June 2016 to leave the European Union. While the pace of developments since the book’s publication make some of its observations inevitably prematurely obsolete, this remains an important and historically sensitive account of this momentous event in the domestic and international political landscape, writes Chris Moreh

Book review: citizenship by Étienne Balibar

Citizenship presents a collection of seven lectures by Étienne Balibar, extending his longstanding engagement with citizenship as a concept that is both inextricably linked to, and in contradiction with, democracy. While the text may occasionally lose sight of its central topic of citizenship, Chris Moreh highlights its ‘affirmative’ agenda in the face of contemporary challenges to democratic politics

Book review: asylum after empire: colonial legacies in the politics of asylum seeking by Lucy Mayblin

In Asylum After Empire: Colonial Legacies in the Politics of Asylum Seeking, Lucy Mayblin considers the contemporary hostility of the British state towards asylum seekers in the context of colonial histories. While raising some questions about the limitations imposed by the book’s analytic framework, this is nonetheless a compelling study that will be an invaluable addition to activist-scholarship on forced migration, writes Chris Moreh

Photonuclear reaction in {67}^Zn

Mono-energetic $\gamma$-beams (\Delata \approx 10 eV) based on thermal neutron capture, in a nuclear reactor, using the Mn(n, $\gamma$) reaction were utilized for generating a fast neutron source from Zinc, via the ${67}^Zn(\gamma, n)$ reaction. One of the incident $\gamma$-lines of the Mn source at $E_\gamma$ = 7244 keV, photoexcites by chance a resonance level in {67}^Zn, with subsequent emission of neutrons at an energy of 191 keV. The cross-section for this process was measured and found to be $\sigma(\gamma, n)$ = 252 $\pm$ 41 mb with an intensity of the order of 104 n/s. The angular distribution of the 191 keV neutron group was also measured.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.1192

Should I stay or should I go? Strategies of EU citizens living in the UK in the context of the EU referendum

What might EU migrants in the UK do in order to cope if the UK leaves the EU? Might they stay or go? Using data from an online survey we find out what the three largest EU nationality groups (Portuguese, Polish and Romanian) in the UK have to say. These three groups represent three different EU enlargement waves, with Portugal having joined the European Union in 1986, Poland in 2004 and Romania in 2007

Elastic electron scattering from water vapor and ice at high momentum transfer

We compare the area, peak separation, and width of the H and O elastic peak for light and heavy water, as observed in spectra of keV electrons scattered over large angles. Peak separation is well reproduced by the theory, but the O:H area ratio is somewhat larger than expected and is equal to the O:D area ratio. Thus no anomalous scattering from H was observed. Only minor differences are observed for scattering from a gaseous or a solid target. The extracted mean kinetic energy of H and D agreed within 5% with the calculated ones for ice. For the more difficult vapor measurements agreement was on a 12% level. A preliminary attempt to extract the O kinetic energy in ice agreed within 10% with the calculated values.This work was made possible by financial support of the Australian Research Council