First Steps into the Microscopic Metrical Characterization of Bone Weathering in a Sample of Modern Guanaco (<i>Lama guanicoe</i>) from Southern Patagonia, Argentina : Implications for Patterns of Intraosseous Differential Preservation

In many southern Patagonia archaeological bone assemblages deposited in open-air settings, a remarkable difference in preservation between shafts and epiphyses of guanaco (Lama guanicoe) long bones, leading to an overrepresentation of the latter, has been found. It has been suggested that, in dynamic sedimentary deposits like those investigated in this region, the observed pattern is mainly related to subaerial weathering or to a combination of weathering and abrasion preferentially affecting long bone shafts, processes that may have little relationship with bone mineral density (BMD). In order to investigate in more detail the relationship between weathering and bone mineral density (BMD) and cortical thickness in guanaco long bones, a microscopic (low magnification) metrical analysis of partial cross-sections from a sample of modern radii-ulnae with a various degrees of weathering was performed. Overall, the obtained results suggest that subaerial weathering can suffice to explain the observed archaeological pattern of differential intraosseous preservation, although this inference should be further supported with data from a larger sample including other long bones as well as a more complete record of the weathering sequence.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

First Steps into the Microscopic Metrical Characterization of Bone Weathering in a Sample of Modern Guanaco (<i>Lama guanicoe</i>) from Southern Patagonia, Argentina : Implications for Patterns of Intraosseous Differential Preservation

In many southern Patagonia archaeological bone assemblages deposited in open-air settings, a remarkable difference in preservation between shafts and epiphyses of guanaco (Lama guanicoe) long bones, leading to an overrepresentation of the latter, has been found. It has been suggested that, in dynamic sedimentary deposits like those investigated in this region, the observed pattern is mainly related to subaerial weathering or to a combination of weathering and abrasion preferentially affecting long bone shafts, processes that may have little relationship with bone mineral density (BMD). In order to investigate in more detail the relationship between weathering and bone mineral density (BMD) and cortical thickness in guanaco long bones, a microscopic (low magnification) metrical analysis of partial cross-sections from a sample of modern radii-ulnae with a various degrees of weathering was performed. Overall, the obtained results suggest that subaerial weathering can suffice to explain the observed archaeological pattern of differential intraosseous preservation, although this inference should be further supported with data from a larger sample including other long bones as well as a more complete record of the weathering sequence.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

A Word Embedding Model for Mapping Food Composition Databases Using Fuzzy Logic

This paper addresses the problem of mapping equivalent items between two databases based on their textual descriptions. Specif- ically, we will apply this technique to link the elements of two food com- position databases by calculating the most likely match of each item in another given database. A number of experiments have been carried by employing different distance metrics, some of them involving Fuzzy Logic. The experiments show that the mappings are highly accurate and Fuzzy Logic improves the precision of the model.European Union under grant agreement No. 816303 (Stance4Health

A Word Embedding-Based Method for Unsupervised Adaptation of Cooking Recipes

Studying food recipes is indispensable to understand the science of cooking. An essential problem in food computing is the adaptation of recipes to user needs and preferences. The main difficulty when adapting recipes is in determining ingredients relations, which are compound and hard to interpret. Word embedding models can catch the semantics of food items in a recipe, helping to understand how ingredients are combined and substituted. In this work, we propose an unsupervised method for adapting ingredient recipes to user preferences. To learn food representations and relations, we create and apply a specific-domain word embedding model. In contrast to previous works, we not only use the list of ingredients to train the model but also the cooking instructions. We enrich the ingredient data by mapping them to a nutrition database to guide the adaptation and find ingredient substitutes. We performed three different kinds of recipe adaptation based on nutrition preferences, adapting to similar ingredients, and vegetarian and vegan diet restrictions. With a 95% of confidence, our method can obtain quality adapted recipes without a previous knowledge extraction on the recipe adaptation domain. Our results confirm the potential of using a specific-domain semantic model to tackle the recipe adaptation task.European Commission 816303University of Granad

Análisis de Procesos para la Creación de Imágenes Anaglíficas; Aplicado en un Catálogo Digital e Impreso de los Lugares más Representativos de la Ciudad de Riobamba

Analizar procesos para la creación de imágenes anaglíficas; aplicado en un catálogo digi­tal e impreso de los lugares más representativos de la ciudad de Riobamba, caso práctico Escuela de Diseño Gráfico de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Utilizamos el método analítico para obtener información, resultados y conclusiones acer­ca de procesos para la creación de imágenes anaglíficas que consta de imágenes de dos dimensiones capaces de provocar un efecto tridimensional. Se desarrollaron dos piezas gráficas: un catálogo digital y un catálogo impreso, el soporte digital fue elaborado en el programa de edición Adobe Photoshop cs5 y Flash, el medio impreso fue diagramado y editado en el programa Adobe Ilustrador cs5, Photoshop e InDesign, además se utilizaron herramientas de Diseño las mismas que nos facilitaron el desarrollo del catálogo, tales herramientas fueron: cámaras profesionales, implementos fotográficos y ordenadores. Para evaluar la tesis se consideraron 3 parámetros: el análisis del diseño, contenido y el nivel de aceptación de las imágenes anaglíficas, mediante encuestas a un grupo de 12 personas. La evaluación proporcionó como resultados que el porcentaje de aceptación por parte de la comunidad Riobambeña y turistas fue del 100%. Se concluye que con la utilización de imágenes anaglíficas en el catálogo digital e im­preso de los lugares más representativos de la Ciudad de Riobamba, se logró despertar el interés en nuestro público. Por tanto se recomienda que las Instituciones vinculadas con la conservación de las re­miniscencias y el Turismo de Riobamba, difundan este material de una manera gratuita

Modeling the variability of Au/ Ti/h BN/Au memris t ive devices

The variability of memristive devices using multilayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) coupled with Ti and Au electrodes (i.e., Au/Ti/h-BN/Au) is analyzed in depth using different numerical techniques. We extract the reset voltage using three different methods, quantified its cycle-to-cycle variability, calculated the charge and flux that allows to minimize the effects of electric noise and the inherent stochasticity of resistive switching, described the device variability using time series analyses to assess the “memory” effect, and employed a circuit breaker simulator to understand the formation and rupture of the percolation paths that produce the switching. We conclude that the cycle-to-cycle variability of the Au/Ti/h-BN/Au devices presented here is higher than that previously observed in Au/h-BN/Au devices, and hence they may be useful for data encryption.Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2019YFE0124200, 2018YFE0100800)National Natural Science Foundation of China (61874075)Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidad, Junta de Andalucía (Spain) and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under projects A-TIC-117-UGR18, A-FQM-66-UGR20, A-FQM-345- UGR18, B-TIC-624-UGR20 and IE2017-5414Grant PGC2018-098860-B-I00 supported by MCIU/AEI/FEDERMaria de Maeztu” Excellence Unit IMAG, reference CEX2020-001105-M, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033King Abdullah University of Science and Technolog

Different tolerance to salinity of two populations of Oenothera drummondii with contrasted biogeographical origin

Oenothera drummondii is a native species from the coastal dunes of the Gulf of Mexico that has nowadays extended to coastal areas in temperate zones all over the world, its invasion becoming a significant problem locally. The species grows on back beach and incipient dunes, where it can suffer flooding by seawater, and sea spray. We were interested in knowing how salinity affects this species and if invasive populations present morphological or functional traits that would provide greater tolerance to salinity than native ones. To this end, we conducted a greenhouse experiment where plants from one native and from one invading population were irrigated with five salinity treatments. We measured functional traits on photosynthetic, photochemical efficiency, water content, flowering, Na+ content, pigment content, and biomass. Although O. drummondii showed high resistance to salinity, the highest levels recorded high mortality, especially in the invasive population. Plants exhibited differences not only in response to time under salinity conditions, but also according to their biogeographic origin, the native population being more resistant to long exposure and high salt concentration than the invasive one. Native and invasive populations showed different response to salt stress in photosynthesis and transpiration rates, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, carboxylation efficiency, electron transport rate, electron transport efficiency, energy used in photochemistry, among others. The increasing salinity levels resulted in a progressive reduction of photosynthesis rate due to both stomatal and biochemical limitations, and also in a reduction of biomass and number and size of flowers, compromising the reproductive capacity.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CGL2015-65058-

REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA INCIDENCIA DE LA ALIENACIÓN EN EL MALESTAR SUBJETIVO

Al pensar en bienestar subjetivo, casi siempre se vuelca la mirada a concebir lo interno de cada persona, sus procesos personales, sus traumas, sus síntomas; y, en consiguiente, se piensa inmediatamente en el diagnóstico de aquello, como depresión, ansiedad, entre otras. En ese sentido, lo que no es recurrente es considerar que esa persona o sujeto se rodea de un contexto, de un modo y estilo de vida dentro de un sistema social, económico y político, y que esas esferas interfieren e inclusive conjugan malestares en su subjetividad. Considerando lo anterior, el presente artículo pretende analizar cómo la alienación, desde la perspectiva de Marx, configura el malestar subjetivo. Además, profundizar en cómo este fenómeno afecta directamente a la clase trabajadora desde sus experiencias dentro del contexto del sistema capitalista-neoliberal en Chile

Rock-magnetic properties of topsoils and urban dust from Morelia (>800,000 inhabitants), Mexico: Implications for anthropogenic pollution monitoring in Mexico’s medium size cities

En el presente trabajo, investigamos la correlación entre algunos parámetros magnéticos y el nivel de contaminación por metales pesados en suelos urbanos de la ciudad de Morelia, en el occidente de México. El estudio magnético fue llevado a cabo en 98 muestras urbanas provenientes de diferentes tipos de uso de suelo. La mayoría de las muestras contienen minerales ferrimagnéticos como responsables de la magnetización, pertenecientes probablemente a las soluciones sólidas de las titanomagnetitas/ titanomaghemitas. Esto es inferido a partir de las mediciones de susceptibilidad en función de la temperatura y de los experimentos de magnetización remanente isotérmica (MRI). Estas mediciones indican además, que la mayoría de las muestras se saturan casi completamente antes de los 300 mT. Adicionalmente, los valores S-200 (S-200 = IRM-200/SIRM, donde IRM-200= magnetización a campo inverso de 200 mT después de la saturación magnética) se encuentran entre 0.7 y 1.0, característicos de minerales de baja coercitividad magnética. Las curvas promedio de magnetización remanente isotérmica de saturación (SIRM) pueden ser usadas como un indicador del nivel de contaminación, ya que estas curvas muestran diferentes valores de saturación de acuerdo al nivel de contaminación por metales pesados: Cu, Ni, Cr y Sr. Estas asociaciones de (titano)magnetitas con metales pesados fueron observadas bajo el Microscopio Electrónico de Barrido, revelando algunos agregados complejos en lugar de las esférulas detectadas comúnmente.In this work, we investigate the correlation between some magnetic parameters and the level of contamination by heavy metals in urban soils from Morelia city, western Mexico. The magnetic study was carried out on 98 urban soils samples belonging to distinct land uses. Most of analyzed samples contain ferrimagnetic minerals as the responsible for magnetization, most probably corresponding to the titanomagnetites/titanomaghemites solid solutions. This is inferred from the susceptibility vs. temperature measurements and the isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) experiments. These measurements also indicate that most of samples are almost completely saturated before 300 mT. Additionally, the S-200 values (S-200 = IRM-200/ SIRM, where IRM-200= Back-field of 200 mT after magnetic saturation) are between 0.7 and 1.0, characteristic of low coercivity magnetic minerals. The averaged saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) curves can be used as an indicator of pollution level, as these curves show different saturation values according to the level of contamination by heavy metals: Cu, Ni, Cr and Sr. These associations of (titano)magnetite with heavy metals were observed by Scanning Electron Microscope revealing some complex aggregates rather than commonly detected spherules.Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México through the projects CONACYT 118971 and PAPIIT IN 22311

Recovery of Beach-Foredune Vegetation after Disturbance by Storms

Beaches and foredunes are characterized by being exposed to harsh environmental restrictions mainly due to salt spray, burial by sand and occasional storms. In response to this, plant species from these habitats have adaptations that allow them not only to survive in these environments, but also to recover after the impact of disturbances such as severe storms. In this study, we had the opportunity to study vegetation recovery on the coast of Huelva, Spain, after the impact of a strong winter storm in 2017 which severely affected the vegetation growing on the beach and foredune. Species composition and abundance of vegetation was compared before (2013) and after (2018) the storm hit the coast in 2017. The results show that the effects of the storm were still evident a year later. Native species, mainly perennials, were able to recover almost completely to predisturbance levels. In contrast, the invasive species, Oenothera drummondii, which was abundant before the storm, disappeared from the beach and its presence in the foredune was greatly reduced. Given the forecasts of sea level rise and the increased frequency and intensity of storms, it is necessary to sustain and reinforce the natural coastal sectors where native plant communities maintain the resilience of coastal ecosystems when impacted to these disturbances.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) 7799Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CGL2015-65058-