Let’s Play! The Power of Play as a Teaching Tool in the Elementary and Early Childhood Classroom

What play-based learning looks like depends on the subject it is being used in. Overall, it involves hands-on activities and children learning through these activities. These activities can be used to teach/introduce the lesson, or they can be used as a reinforcement. In science, it might be experimenting with cardboard and cars to understand ramps. For math, it might be using manipulatives to learn about shapes. In social studies it could be putting on a puppet show, while in English it might be playing Ispy to find words that begin with the letter p. Three research questions were created to help guide the research project. 1. Is play based learning beneficial to children’s academics in grades K-6? 2. How is play based learning demonstrated in classrooms?3. What are the differences in play-based learning in grades K-6? These research questions guided the research, as well as, helped create the themes identified in this research paper

CO2 balance for biodiesel production from microalgae

OCN 499 - Undergraduate Thesi

How Musicians Can Utilize the Guitar\u27s Acoustic Properties

Guitars are extremely versatile instruments due to the myriad of ways in which the player can alter the timbre. This study explores how the timbre of the acoustic guitar is affected by alterations in the string type and gauge, the excitement location, pick versus pluck excitements, and the placement of the capo. A theoretical understanding of the previously mentioned changes can justify and direct a guitarist’s artistic decisions in Flamenco, Irish Traditional, and country/folk music. Understanding the connection between the technical and artistic aspects of the guitar can guide a musician in creating the effects appropriate for each genre

Living \u3cem\u3eMore Than\u3c/em\u3e Just Enough for the City: Persistence of High-Quality Vegetation in Natural Areas in an Urban Setting

Urban environments pose special challenges to flora, including altered disturbance regimes, habitat fragmentation, and increased opportunity for invasion by non-native species. In addition, urban natural area represents most people’s contact with nature, given the majority of the world’s population currently live in cities. We used coefficients of conservatism (C-values), a system that ranks species based on perceived fidelity to remnant native plant communities that retain ecological integrity, to quantify habitat quality of 14 sites covering 850 ha within the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, in the Midwestern United States. All sites contained significant natural area and were inventoried via intensive complete censuses throughout one or two growing seasons within the last 15 years. Mean C-values for five sites were high, especially when compared to values reported for the highest quality preserves in central Indiana. However, for most sites the difference in mean C-value with and without non-natives was rather high, meaning that natural quality is likely to have been compromised by the presence of non-natives. Sites receiving the highest levels of stewardship and those with the least public access via trails had the highest mean native C-values. A total of 34 invasive non-native species were found across all 14 sites. Most were woody species. Mean C-value over all sites was significantly negatively correlated with the number of non-natives present, especially those considered invasive. These results demonstrate for the Indianapolis area, and likely other urbanized Midwestern cities, remnant natural areas can retain high ecological value, especially if they receive regular environmental stewardship

THE EXPERIENCE AND PROCESS OF THE WORKING ALLIANCE IN COLLEGIATE ATHLETIC TRAINING

As healthcare evolves to consider the psychosocial effects of injury and disease on patient well-being, attention has turned to patient-provider relationships. Heightened attention to the significance of this relationship necessitates healthcare providers shift to a patientcentered model. One foundational model, the working alliance, emphasizes emotional bond, collaboration on goals, and agreement on tasks between patient and provider. Despite emphasis on a working alliance in healthcare research, conceptual understanding of the components of athletic trainer-patient relationships in collegiate athletic training remains unexplored. In this grounded theory study, six participants completed two rounds of semi-structured interviews guided by the research question: What is the collegiate athletic trainer’s experience and process of developing a working alliance in athletic training? The results from this grounded theory study emphasizes how athletic trainers create and enter patient and coach relationships and move through the care process, and their experiences with patient investment and ever present environmental, place, and person factors that broadly influence athletic trainers efforts to develop patient relationships and provides a guide to integrate a working alliance into athletic training practice. Bolstering care contracts with informed consent and adapting patient education supports patient understanding, involvement, and facilitates collaboration. Rapport, connection, and trust are essential to developing patient relationships and an emotional bond. Navigating care as partners and educators enhances athletic trainers ability to collaboratively establish goals and agreement on tasks, provide patient-centered care, and improve working alliances. Effectively managing patient resistance helps athletic trainers encourage adherence and buy-in. Drawing attention to establishing and navigating skills most beneficial to training clinical preceptors enables them to model and introduce these skills’ value and importance to athletic training students sooner during education. These results also offer a framework to guide education and skills training in Athletic Training Programs, connecting athletic training students with skills that enhance clinical learning and patient-centered care experiences before professional practice. Knowing when, how, and where working alliance skills surface in athletic training patient care enables counselor educators to enhance current proficiency and introduce focused skills training in the athletic training discipline, which may also enhance bond formation, gaining agreement on goals, and collaborating on tasks, thus supporting development of a working alliance