Metodi di rilievo architettonico e materico sul patrimonio in disuso di Roma: il caso studio della chiesa di S. Chiara a Villa York nella Valle dei Casali

Il tema del recupero nella città di Roma, diventa ogni anno sempre più importante nella politica della gestione del territorio della città. Le scelte degli ultimi anni si orientano sempre di più verso un sistema di recupero degli edifici in disuso nella città, senza andare a espandere il footprint della città sul suolo. La conseguenza diretta di queste scelta è la necessità di trovare un modo per approcciarsi al patrimonio storico di rilevanza architettonica/culturale. La volontà di riqualificare gli edifici, porta a dover intervenire su stabili, protetti dal punto di vista artistico architettonico, e quindi a doversi relazionare con delle ferree regole nel restauro degli edifici. In questo campo risulta fondamentale il rilievo architettonico e il modo in cui negli anni si sta evolvendo per produrre una restituzione sempre più fedele dell’edificio. Quest’ultima è importante nell’ambito del recupero di un edificio storico, non solo nelle sue geometrie ma anche nella capacità di trasmettere le caratteristiche materiche e cromatiche. Ad oggi gli oggetti più utilizzati nel rilievo strumentale sono la restituzione tramite nuvola di punti del laser scanner o da fotomodellazione. Il laser scanner, anche nei modelli più performanti, è un’ottima risorsa per il rilievo geometrico dell’edificio, ma per la restituzione grafica delle texture presenta alcune lacune. Le fotografie, restituiscono la texture dell’oggetto tramite giochi prospettici, in molti casi non risultando veritiera. La fotomodellazine si presta invece in modo diametralmente opposto. La precisione del rilievo è proporzionale alla quantità di impurità presenti sulla superficie; in quando è basata sull’accoppiamento nello spazio di punti omologhi, in questo caso caratterizzati dalla stessa gamma cromatica. Data la qualità dell’obbiettivo utilizzato e la possibilità di integrare su un unico modello fotografie fatte da più supporti, permette di avere una mappatura del degrado a trecentosessanta gradi dell’artefatto architettonico. Il caso studio, la chiesa di Santa Chiara a Villa York presente all’interno della Valle dei Casali, è posizionata in un punto pianeggiante dell’area, circondata da un grande pianoro di erba incolta e da una zona boschiva sul lato Nord. La struttura, ad oggi, si trova in un avanzato stato di degrado, in particolare nelle capriate interne e sui prospetti esterni. La chiesa presenta un apparato architettonico molto semplice, è a pianta quadrata, con un campanile arabeggiante posizionato sul prospetto lungo e una copertura a doppia falda. La semplicità geometrica, ma l’alta percentuale di degrado materico ha portato alla scelta di utilizzare la tecnica fotogrammetrica per la restituzione digitale dell’edificio. L’utilizzo di più tecniche fotografiche per la ripresa digitale dell’edificio, macchina fotografica e drone, ha permesso di mappare interamente la superficie della chiesa, sia internamente che esternamente. L’integrazione di queste due tecniche di ripresa, ha permesso non solo di ricostruire la geometria delle capriate lignee presenti all’interno, ma anche di realizzare un’iniziale mappatura del degrado sulla superficie dell’edificio.The theme of recovery in the city of Rome, becomes each year increasingly important in the policy of managing the territory of the city. The decision to redevelop historic buildings and consequently to set up a type of architectural restoration strongly influenced by current laws has imposed the use of increasingly precise material and architectural survey techniques. The case study, the church of S. Chiara inside the Valle dei Casali presents a very simple square plan architectural apparatus. The survey of this artefact was made by experimenting with the use of several techniques for the digital rendering of texturized and architectural material relief.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

The Global Reporting Initiative’s (GRI) past, present and future : critical reflections and a research agenda on sustainability reporting (standard-setting)

https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/0114-0582hj2023Accountin

Continuous flow biocatalysis: production and in-line purification of amines by immobilised transaminase from Halomonas elongata

The continuous flow synthesis of a series of amines was successfully achieved by exploiting the enhanced stability and broad substrate scope of an immobilised transaminases from Halomonas elongata (HEWT). A series of substrates were tested in flow reactors and transformed to the corresponding amines in good to excellent yields. The process was implemented with an integrated in-line purification step for the recovery of the pure amines

Surgical Training on Ex Vivo Ovine Model in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Nowadays, head and neck surgical approaches need an increased level of anatomical knowledge and practical skills; therefore, the related learning curve is both flat and long. On such procedures, surgeons must decrease operating time as much as possible to reduce the time of general anesthesia and related stress factors for patients. Consequently, little time can be dedicated for training skills of students and young residents in the operating theater. Fresh human cadavers offer the most obvious surrogate for living patients, but they have several limitations, such as cost, availability, and local regulations. Recently, the feasibility of using ex vivo animal models, in particular ovine ones, have been considered as high-fidelity alternatives to cadaveric specimens. Methods: This comprehensive review explores all of head and neck otolaryngology applications with this sample. We analyzed studies about ear surgery, orbital procedures, parotid gland and facial nerve reanimation, open laryngeal and tracheal surgery, microlaryngoscopy procedures, laryngotracheal stenosis treatment, and diagnostic/operative pediatric endoscopy. For each different procedure, we underline the main applications, similarities, and limitations to human procedures so as to improve the knowledge of this model as a useful tool for surgical training. Results: An ovine model is easily available and relatively inexpensive, it has no limitations associated with religious or animal ethical issues, and it is reliable for head and neck surgery due to similar consistencies tissues and neurovascular structures with respect to humans. However, some other issues should be considered, such as differences about some anatomical features, the risk of zoonotic diseases, and the absence of bleeding during training. Conclusion: This comprehensive review highlights the potentials of an ex vivo ovine model and aims to stimulate the scientific and academic community to further develop it for other applications in surgical education

Finite Element Thermal Analysis of Metal Parts Additively Manufactured via Selective Laser Melting

In this chapter, a three-dimensional finite element model is developed to simulate the thermal behavior of the molten pool in selective laser melting (SLM) process. Laser-based additive manufacturing (AM) is a near net shape manufacturing process able to produce 3D objects. They are layer-wise built through selective melting of a metal powder bed. The necessary energy is provided by a laser source. The interaction between laser and material occurs within a few microseconds, hence the transient thermal behavior must be taken into account. A calibration procedure is carried out to fit the numerical solution with the experimental data. Once the calibration has corrected the thermal parameters, a dynamic mesh refinement is applied to reduce the computational cost. The scanning strategy adopted by the laser is simulated by a path simulator built using MatLab®, while numerical analysis is carried out using ANSYS®, a commercial finite element software. To improve the performance of the simulation, the two codes interact each other to solve the analysis. Temperature distribution and geometrical feature of the molten pool under different process conditions are investigated. Results from the FE analysis provide guidance for setting up the optimization of process parameters and develop a base for further residual stress analysis

Effect of Strut Cross Section and Strut Defect on Tensile Properties of Cubic Cellular Structure

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The Casali Fortezza system. The case study of Castellaccio di Monteroni

[EN] The landscape of Lazio’s Tyrrhenian coasts is strongly characterized by the presence of fortifications. Parallel to them, in the interland, the baronial expansion, between the tenth and eleventh centuries, paved the way to a large-scale fortification of the Roman countryside. Along the main routes were built lookout towers, farmhouses were consolidated with defense mechanism and the first castles were constructed. The research focuses on the study of Castellaccio di Monteroni in Ladispoli, built in the fifteenth century on Roman structures and on previous constructions dating back to the period of the Baronial expansion. The Castellaccio di Monteroni is one of the few remaining examples of casale fortificato (fortified manor). It is placed on the 35th km of the Via Aurelia and takes its name “Castellaccio” from the abandonment over the centuries and “Monteroni” due to the heaps of the nearby Etruscan necropolis. The main function carried out over the centuries was a resting place, a sure point of reference for couriers, travelers and pilgrims traveling along the Via Aurelia. When in the nineteenth the route of the Via Aurelia was moved to the present one the fortification fell into abandonment. The analysis of this architecture is of great interest, not only for the knowledge of the geometry of the fortifications of the Roman countryside, but also because it is one of the few remaining examples of casale fortificato, representing a rare medieval architectural heritage.Calisi, D.; Cianci, MG.; Molinari, M. (2020). Il sistema dei Casali Fortezza. Il caso studio di Castellaccio di Monteroni. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 277-284. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2020.2020.11395OCS27728

Cánones estéticos, funcionales y filosóficos en la arquitectura de las antiguas colonias: la escuela de la Bauhaus

2019 is the year of the centenary of the foundation of the Bauhaus. A school, first of applied arts and then of architecture and design that has marked the architectural style and costumes of a century through its masters and students. The Department of Architecture of the Roma Tre University to celebrate the anniversary has implemented a series of multidisciplinary educational research. The research is based on an analysis of this style and how it has spread throughout the world mainly due to political reasons. Specifically, we analyze the way in which the Bauhaus style has developed in the surrounding area far from where it was born and how it has assimilated historical and architectural traditions and styles.El 2019 es el año del centenario de la fundación de la Bauhaus. Una escuela, primero de artes aplicadas y luego de arquitectura y diseño que ha marcado a través de sus profesores y estudiantes, el estilo arquitectónico y en el vestir de todo un siglo. Para celebrar este aniversario, el Departamento de Arquitectura de la Universidad Roma Tre ha impulsado una serie de investigaciones educativas de carácter multidisciplinar. Esta investigación se basa en un análisis de este estilo y cómo se ha extendido por todo el mundo principalmente debido a razones políticas. Después de que la escuela cerrara en 1933, los alumnos y profesores tuvieron que abandonar Alemania debido a las persecuciones para poder seguir desarrollando su profesión. Más concretamente, se analiza la forma en que se desarrolló el estilo Bauhaus en lugares alejados de su lugar de nacimiento y cómo ha asimilado tradiciones y estilos históricos y arquitectónicos. El análisis se llevó a cabo en tres fases diferentes, una primera fase de investigación histórica sobre la literatura existente y de dibujos originales; una segunda fase de análisis y comprensión de la arquitectura a través del rediseño crítico de las obras (primero analógico y después digital); y por último, el modelado y la renderización, a través de software específicos, de los objetos estudiados. En el proceso de redibujar el material de archivo o los diseños analógicos encontrados, la comprensión de la arquitectura, donde es necesario dividir por capas los diferentes elementos arquitectónicos, tales como paredes, ventanas, muebles o incluso los símbolos y escritos, ha hecho que sea más fácil la comprensión del conjunto arquitectónico. El tercer paso, el levantamiento tridimensional, es el paso más complejo. Comprender cómo modelar las carpinterías, los detalles constructivos de las estructuras vistas tuvieron que hacerse con una investigación y comparación continua entre los documentos de archivo y los manuales de arquitectura de la época. La investigación se ha desarrollado en tres territorios principales: América del Norte, Europa del Este y Asia Occidental. Cada uno de estos lugares tiene sus propias características, que los maestros y estudiantes de la Bauhaus han logrado asimilar y hacer suyas.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Critical Review of the Pivotal Studies of Four rFVIII Products for the Treatment of Hemophilia A Patients: The Role of Octocog Alfa

INTRODUCTION: Hemophilia A is a rare congenital bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of clotting factor VIII (FVIII). The severe form of the disease is characterized by spontaneous bleeds, especially into the joints. Prophylaxis, based on regularly intravenous administration of the missing factor to avoid hemorrhages, represents the gold standard of treatment. In recent years, new products that significantly improve the treatment management options for patients with hemophilia have become available in the market.OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the pivotal studies of recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) products, approved in Europe within the first half of 2018 having obtained the indication for a prophylaxis dosing regimen based also on a twice weekly infusion frequency or even less, highlighting their limitations or strengths.METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted, and several databases (PubMed and Embase) were consulted.RESULTS: Nine clinical trials involving patients with severe hemophilia A without inhibitor were included in this analysis. Four rFVIII products (Elocta®, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA; Kovaltry®, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Germany; Afstyla®, CSL Behring GmbH, Germany; Adynovi®, Baxalta Innovation GmbH, Austria) with different pharmacokinetic profiles were evaluated. The trials included in this analysis had different designs and heterogeneous methods were utilized to assess the study outcomes. The baseline characteristics of the patients enrolled in the studies were also often different and sometimes not adequately described. LEOPOLD II, a trial to compare prophylaxis to on-demand therapy with an unmodified rFVIII product (Kovaltry®, octocog alfa), was the only completely randomized trial that enrolled a more critical patient population in terms of compromised joint condition than the other studies. Based on these side-by-side comparison, Octocog alfa reported similar efficacy, in terms of annualized bleeding rate, to the other rFVIII products, including extended half-life.CONCLUSIONS: Even without structural modifications, octocog alfa may be considered a useful treatment option for two times a week prophylaxis in a selected population of haemophilia patients

Qualitative research interviews using online video technology – challenges and opportunities

PURPOSE : This study aims to examine the methodological and method-related challenges and opportunities arising from the use of video interviews in qualitative accounting research, focussed on collecting contextual data and visual cues, enriching communication quality and building and maintaining rapport with interviewees. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH : Prior literature and the authors’ experiences using video technologies for research, including conducting interviews, inform this research. This study uses a transactional conceptual refinement of information richness theory and channel expansion theory to critically analyse the challenges and opportunities of using video technology to conduct qualitative research interviews. FINDINGS : The ability, need for and significance of collecting contextual data depend on the researchers’ ontological and epistemological assumptions, and are, therefore, influenced by their research design choices. Video technology enables researchers to view research settings by video. In addition, whilst group/panel interviews have their advantages, it is often difficult to get everyone together in person, something video technology can potentially overcome. The feasibility and the quality of video interviews can be improved if both interview participants are experienced with using video technology, as well as with judicious investment in good quality video technology and through testing and practice. We also discuss how rapport building with interviewees can be facilitated by overcoming the video’s sense of disconnect and enhancing interviewees’ willingness to engage. ORIGINALITY/VALUE : The study builds on the limited prior literature and considers the challenges and opportunities related to methodology and method when conducting video-based qualitative interviews in accounting research. Broadly, qualitative researchers will find the paper useful in considering the use of video interviews and in making research design choices appropriate for video interviews.http://www.emeraldinsight.com/loi/medarhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2049-372Xhj2022Accountin