EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF THE PRE-HOSPITAL PHASE IN COVID 19 PATIENT: LITERATURE REVIEW

The addition of Covid-19 cases took place quite quickly and has spread between countries. The high incidence is important to improve health services, especially the pre-hospital phase services. In this phase, good emergency management will reduce the number of disability to death by up to 50% by starting from activating calls prior to the incident location, health workers who understand first aid and transportation using an ambulance and being observed until they arrive at the hospital. Knowing the Pre-Hospital Phase Emergency Management in Covid-19 Patient: Literature Review. The research method used is a literature review. In this method, online searches for articles, journals and books are carried out using accessible databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Biomed Central. It is known from 10 Literature Articles, journals and books in the emergency management of Covid-19 in the Pre-Hospital phase must be done as much as possible to minimize the number of deaths and transmission that occurs. Handling of emergency Covid-19 in the Pre-Hospital phase includes: Basic and Advanced Life Support (BLS), Oxygen Therapy, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and Patient Transport. It is important for medical personnel to pay attention to many things in providing emergency nursing care to Covid-19 patient. Pre-Hospital emergency measures for patient with Covid-19 can be carried out in various ways to improve the patient condition while at the Pre-Hospital, besides that, it can also prevent transmission to medical personnel and people around Covid-19 patient

The Effectiveness of the Assessment of the Sedation Scale in Adult Critical Patiets with Ventilators: Literature Review

Critical patient is a condition that may have reversible dysfunction of one of the organs that threaten life and requires treatment in the Intensive Care Unit. WHO reports that deaths from critical illnesses increased by 1.1-7.4 million people and 9.8-24.6 critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. The patient will experience a decrease in physical and cognitive function so that the use of a ventilator is important to help the breathing apparatus, but if it is prolonged it will have a negative impact so that the use of sedation is also important to be given. Nurses need to determine the sedation scale in order to determine whether or not the use of sedation is effective in these patients. This study aims to know the effectiveness of the assessment of the sedation scale in adult critically ill patients who are on a ventilator. Literature review research design was employed. Journal criteria are filtered based on literature titles, abstracts and keywords or keywords that have been determined and sourced from PubMed, Biomed Central, DOAJ, Google and Google Scholar identified through the Population, Interventions, Comparison, Outcomes and Study Design (PICOS) system approach. The number of articles used is 10 journals. Based on the results of the literature that has been reviewed by researchers from 10 journals, it is stated that the effective sedation scale ranges are RASS 63.5%, RSS 3,6% and SAS 30.4%. Therefore, the use of RASS is more effective in assessing the patient's sedation status, because RASS has accuracy and clarity in distinguishing measuring sedation status from evaluating consciousness and assessing simple reactions

The Effectiveness of the BAHAGIA Package on the Subjective Well-Being of Post-Stroke Patients

Background: stroke can leave symptoms or further impacts in all aspects of life such as loss of doing activities and changing roles. Changes that occur in post-stroke patients need to be given home care therapy, one of which is using the "BAHAGIA" Package which consists of a series of words BINGAH, AYEM, HANDOKO, ABIYASA, GALIH, IGUH, and APIK.Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of the BAHAGIA Package on the Subjective Well-Being of post-stroke patients in the Cempaka Putih Public Health Center, Banjarmasin.Methods: this study used quantitative research with Pre-Experimental pre-post test design and purposive sampling technique, totaling 30 people. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire.Results: based on research results from Subjective Well-Being respondents in the medium category as many as 2 people (7%) and high as many as 28 people (93%). The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a significance value of 0.000 0.05 indicating that there is an effectiveness of the BAHAGIA Package on the Subjective Well-Being of post-stroke patients.Conclusion: based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an effectiveness of the BAHAGIA Package on the Subjective Well-Being of post-stroke patients in the Work Area

The First Response of Family to Patient with Heart Attack in Banjarese Community South Kalimantan: A Phenomenological Study

Family first response in patients with heart attacks is very important in increasing patient safety. Friedman's familiy theory views that the family has a major role and function indecide the prompt and appropriate course of action. Orem's Wholly Compensatory System Theory looked at that familymust provide partial assistance when a family member is sick. Theory Cultural care Leininger looked at that family tend to maintain their culture when doing help. Indonesia, especially in Banjarmasin, has different social and cultural conditions so that the experience of making its first response will of course also be different.  This study aims to explore the family experience of the first response to patients with heart attacks. This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological study approach to 8 participants from Banjar community in South Kalimantan with purposive sampling technique. Collecting data using in-depth interviews with a tape recorder and field notes. The method of analysis uses Creswell. There are 6 themes found namely (1) The initial understanding of a family about heart attack is in the form of menyamak or angin duduk, (2) The family's first action in a patient with an attackheart in the form of cabut angin, (3) family onset in doing his first response against attacks in the form of estimated time (4) Family delay factors in doing the first response in the form of a cause(5) The emotional response of the family in facing a heart attack such as neutral response, anxiety and shock. (6) Meaning as a helper for family members such as pride, relief and pleasure. Nurses need to rectify the culture that is in conflict with health by changing the family mindset of their understanding of diseases, especially heart attacks

The Effectiveness of the Siriraj Stroke Score (SSS) and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) Assessment Methods in Determining the Actual Nursing Diagnosis of Stroke Patients in the Emergency Room

Background: stroke is a disease of the brain in the form of focal nerve function disorders caused by disruption of blood circulation to the brain and causing symptoms in the form of neurological deficits. As the number of stroke patients increases, the assessment needs to focus on neurology and is an emergency.Purpose: analyzing the effectiveness of the assessment method NSSS and NIHSS in determining the number of diagnoses actual nursing and the speed of time to determine the diagnosis of stroke patients in the Emergency Room.Methods: this study used a pre-experimental approach. Theerty sample were used from a new patient with a medical diagnosis of stroke, while the sampling technique in this study was accidental sampling. Data collection on each sample was directly carried out using two assessment methods. The SSS assessment consists of 5 components and the NIHSS 11 components. Data analysis used sperm correlation and correlation coefficient interpretation test.Results: the results of the sperm correlation test in the SSS and NIHSS methods both show p=0.000. The level of closeness were analyzed using the correlation coefficientthere is a very strong relationship is NIHSS to the length of the duration of determination (r = 0.858).Conclusion: the SSS and NIHSS assessment methods are effective in establishing the diagnosisactual nursingin stroke patients in the Emergency Department, however, in terms of duration of assessment and determination of the number of diagnoses, SSS is more effective, while from the duration of determining nursing diagnoses, NIHSS is more effective

Efektivitas Penggunaan Komunikasi Terapeutik Local Languange terhadap Kepatuhan Pasien dalam Mengkonsumsi Obat Antihipertensi

Hipertensi dikenal sebagai silent killer. Penyebab utama kematian di usia 30-79 tahun adalah hipertensi 99%, di Banjarmasin tahun 2021 hipertensi adalah penyakit terbanyak. Kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi dipuskesmas pekauman tahun 2022 sebesar 46,3%. Tidak patuh mengkonsumsi obat antihipertensi dan perbedaan bahasa dapat menjadi penghambat kepatuhan pasien. Pendekatan terapi dengan local language diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien untuk mengkonsumsi obat antihipertensi. Mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan komunikasi terapeutik local language terhadap kepatuhan pasien dalam mengkonsumsi obat antihipertensi Penelitian quasy experimental desain one group pretest – posttest ini dilakukan pada 15 penderita hipertensi berusia < 60 tahun di Puskesmas Pekauman dengan teknik purposive sampling dan dianalisa dengan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil pretest menunjukkan sebagian besar responden memiliki kepatuhan rendah (80%) dan memiliki kepatuhan tinggi saat posttest (73,3%). Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan p value  0,001 < α 0,05. Penggunaan komunikasi terapeutik local language efektif terhadap kepatuhan pasien dalam mengkonsumsi obat antihipertensi

Kepatuhan Minum Obat terhadap Kejadian Serangan Berulang Penyakit Jantung Koroner

Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu yang serangannya dating secara tiba-tiba. Serangan jantung dapat berakibat fatal sehingga kepatuhan minum obat perlu diperhatikan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepatuhan minum obat terhadap kejadian serangan berulang penyakit jantung koroner.Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan case control. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di RSUD dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin. Seumlah 30 responden diambil dengan purposive sampling. Responden terbagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu 15 responden tidak mengalami serangan berulang dan 15 responden mengalami serangan berulang. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pill-count dan MMAS-8 untuk menilai kepatuhan minum obat. Uji analisis menggunakan chi square.Hasil: Melihat metode pill-count mayoritas responden dalam kategori tidak patuh (66,7%) mengalami serangan penyakit jantung berulang. Sedangkan metode MMAS-8 terlihat 80% responden dengan kepatuhan rendah mengalami serangan penyakit jantung berulang dan 80% kepatuhan tinggi/sedang tidak mengalami serangan penyakit jantung berulang. Hasil uji chi-square pada metode pill count didapatkan p-value 0,002 dan pada metode MMAS-8 p-value 0,003 artinya ada hubungan kepatuhan minum obat dengan kejadian serangan berulang penyakit jantung koroner. Kesimpulan: Kepatuhan minum obat berhubungan dengan kemungkinan terjadinya serangan berulang penyakit jantung coroner.

Efektivitas Mirror Therapy terhadap Kemampuan Bicara Pasien Pasca Stroke dengan Afasia Motorik

Kerusakan otak yang disebabkan stroke dapat menunjukkan geala secara permanen seperti kesulitan berbicara atau afasia motoric. Latihan gerakan lidah, bibir dan mengucapkan kata-kata didepan cermin adalah salah satu terapi yang dapat dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas mirror therapy terhadap kemampuan bicara pasien pasca stroke dengan afasia motorik di Poli Saraf RSUD. Dr.H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin. Desain penelitian quasi experiment dengan one group pretest posttest design yang dilakukan selama 2 minggu dengan 6 kali digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 15 responden yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Selain kaca, instrument Derby Functional Communication Scale (DFCS) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian didapatkan perbedaan nilai tingkat kemampuan bicaranya yang signifikan sebelum (nilai = 8,73) dan sesudah perlakukan (nilai= 18,67). Hasil uji paired t-test diperoleh nilai p-value 0,000 < α 0,05. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu terdapat efektivitas penggunaan mirror therapy terhadap kemampuan bicara pasien pasca stroke dengan afasia motoric

e-Counseling Education Services (e-CES) Effect on Quality of Life Post-Stroke Patients During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Background: the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly reduced the quality of life for people who have a history of chronic disease, one of which is stroke. Along with the increasing number of post-stroke patients during this pandemic related to physical function and vitality, of course, it affects the inability of his capacity to check with health services. The implementation of education is directly hit by time constraints and the pandemic situation, therefore it is necessary to have individual counseling through e-Counseling.Purpose: to analyze the effect of e-Counseling Education Services (e-CES) on WHO Quality Of Life (WHOQOL) Post-Stroke Patients during the Covid-19 Pandemic.Methods: pre-experimental with pre-test post-test one group design. The population in this study were people with post-stroke disease who were in the Banjarmasin city area and were affected by the pandemic. The sampling technique in this study was accidental sampling. The stages are identifying several areas affected by the pandemic, socializing health counseling online, followed by e-CES intervention and seeing the impact on WHO Quality of Life. Paired t-test was used in analayzing the data.Results: the pretest score with a mean of 72.67 was obtained, while in the post-test there was an increase in the average value of 75.23 with each p-value = 0.027.Conclusion: there is an effect of e-Counseling Education Services (e-CES) on the WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL) of post-stroke patients during the Covid-19 pandemic

PUBLIC EDUCATION AND AWARENESS FOR DISASTER (PEAD): IDENTIFICATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMION THE EVENT OF DECREASED SELF CARE AS AN EFFORT TO INCREASE PEAD IN THE COMMUNITY OF THE CITY OF BANJARMASIN

Introduction:This pandemic disaster significantly reduced the community's self-care ability related to physical function and vitality and the lack of mitigation by using their own capacity. Based on this, it was emphasized how important it is to identify early on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Decreased Self-Care events, so that it is necessary to implement Public Education and Awareness for Disaster (PEAD) in overcoming these impacts.Methods: Type Analytical survey with cross sectional design. The sample is people in the city of Banjarmasin who are affected by the pandemic and measured Decreased Self-Care through the DSCAI-90 parameter. The statistical test used is Kolmogorov-Smirnov.Results:The average Decreased Self-care of respondents affected by the post-covid-19 disaster is that they lack self-care or require assistance (62.4%). Based on the statistical test obtained a significance value of 0.003.Conclusions:There is a relationship between identification of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic disaster on the incidence of decreased self-care. One form of Public Education and Awareness for Disaster that is given to the community is the provision of education about nursing care after a pandemic disaster through virtual care