210 research outputs found
Spectrophotometric analysis of thrombolytic activity: SATA assay
Introduction: Measurement of thrombolytic activity i.e. clot lysis is crucial for research and development of novel thrombolytics. It is also a key factor in assessment of the effectiveness of conventionally used thrombolytic agents in the clinic, which are the choice effective therapies for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Previous methods used for the assessment of thrombolytic activity are often associated with some drawbacks such as being costly, time-consuming, complication and low accuracy. Here, we introduce a simple, economic, relatively accurate and fast method of spectrophotometric analysis of thrombolytic activity (SATA) assay, standardized by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), which can quantitatively measure in vitro thrombolytic activity. Methods: Blood clots were formed, uniformly, by mixing citrated whole blood with partial thromboplastin time (PTT) reagent, together with calcium chloride. Then, designated concentrations of tPA were added to the samples, and the released red blood cells from each clot were quantified using spectrophotometry (λmax= 405 nm) as an indicator of thrombolytic activity. The accuracy of the method was tested by assessment of dose-responsibility against R2 value obtained by linear equation and measurement of limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The SATA assay was validated in comparison with some currently used techniques. Results: A linear relationship was obtained between different concentrations of tPA versus the spectrophotometric absorbance of the related dilutions of lysed clots, at λmax = 405 nm. Calculated R2 values were greater than 0.9; with LOD of 0.90 μg/mL of tPA (436.50IU) and LOQ of 2.99 μg/mL of tPA (1450.15IU). Conclusions: Conclusively, the SATA assay is a very simple quantitative method with repeatable and reproducible results for estimating the potency of an unknown thrombolytic agent, and calculating the activity as delicate as 1 μg/mL of tPA (485 IU/mL of thrombolytic dose). © 2018 The Author(s)
The Effect of Noise Exposure on Cognitive Performance and Brain Activity Patterns
Background: It seems qualitative measurements of subjective reactions are not appropriate indicators to assess the effect of noise on cognitive performance. In this study, quantitative and combined indicators were applied to study the effect of noise on cognitive performance.
Materials and Methods: A total of 54 young subjects were included in this experimental study. The participants’ mental work load and attention were evaluated under different levels of noise exposure including, background noise, 75, 85 and 95 dBA noise levels. The study subject’s EEG signals were recorded for 10 minutes while they were performing the IVA test. The EEG signals were used to estimate the relative power of their brain frequency bands.
Results: Results revealed that mental work load and visual/auditory attention is significantly reduced when the participants are exposed to noise at 95 dBA level (P<0.05). Results also showed that with the rise in noise levels, the relative power of the Alpha band increases while the relative power of the Beta band decreases as compared to background noise. The most prominent change in the relative power of the Alpha and Beta bands occurs in the occipital and frontal regions of the brain respectively.
Conclusions: The application of new indicators including brain signal analysis and power spectral density analysis is strongly recommended in the assessment of cognitive performance during noise exposure. Further studies are suggested regarding the effects of other psychoacoustic parameters such as tonality, noise pitch (treble or bass) at extended exposure levels
Seasonal Pattern in Occurrence and In-hospital fatality rate from Traffic Accidents in Isfahan, Iran
Background:accident is the secondary cause of mortality in Iran, background of its occurrence and mortality are not wholly understood. The aim of this paper is to explain seasonal occurrence and mortality pattern of traffic accidents in Isfahan population, Iran Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analytic study. We extracted data on traffic accidents for Isfahan Province from the Ministry of Health (MOH). For analysis independent t test, ANOVA test, chi-square test was used. To calculate the odds ratio of death in hospital from traffic accidents, logistic regression model was used Results: The highest hospital admission for traffic accidents was seen during the summer and lowest during the autumn, they increased 43.35, 97.8 and 03.5 during the spring, summer and winter, respectively than the autumn. odds ratio for death from traffic accident during spring were (1.88 CI 95 0.98-1.42), summer (1.4 CI95 1.18-1.67) and in autumn (1.4 CI95 1.15-1.7),in male were (1.33 CI95 1.15-1.54) and in age group 21-40 were (1 CI95 0.87-1.16),41-60 (1.62 CI95 1.36-1.92),61≥(3.94 CI95 3.3-4.71) and in out of urban-rural (2.44 CI95 2.09-2.85),rural (3.1 CI95 2.64-3.64) and in motor vehicles(1.5 CI95 1.3-1.73)and in pedestrians(1.76 CI95 1.5-2.06) Conclusion: There are seasonal variations in occurrence and mortality due to traffic accidents. The highest occurrence of traffic accident was during summer, and the lowest rate in autumn. The highest in hospital mortality rate was observed in summer and the lowest in winter. After adjusting the model, the risk of in-hospital mortality was significant for gender,age,season, type of accidents and accident plac
Successful full-term pregnancy after preterm event in a liver transplant patient : a case report
Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).Background: Pregnancy after liver transplantation poses a significant challenge to both the patient and the transplant team. Case presentation: We present the case of a 19-year-old European patient who underwent liver transplantation 5 years previously owing to autoimmune hepatitis. Poor compliance with immunosuppressive therapy and missed follow-up visits during the patient’s first pregnancy likely contributed to her liver function deterioration, hospitalization, and failed pregnancy. Owing to the patient’s complex medical history, combined immunosuppressive treatment, and risks to the fetus, her second pregnancy was high risk. However, close outpatient monitoring and adherence to treatment led to a successful, uneventful, full-term pregnancy and healthy delivery. Conclusion: Liver transplant recipients who desire to become pregnant require careful planning and management to ensure optimal outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. A personalized strategy is necessary to balance the potential benefits of childbirth with the risks involved in pregnancy after liver transplantation.Peer reviewe
Effect of maternal diabetes and quercetin exposure on the oxidative stress and kidney damage in rat's fetus
Purpose: To investigate the prophylactic effects of quercetin on oxidative stress and damage to kidney in rat's fetus harvested from diabetic mothers.Methods: Female Wistar rats were divided to into four experimental groups: control, quercetin, diabetic, and quercetin-treated diabetic groups (6 rats in each group). Experimental diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and the female rats were mated with male rats. Thereafter, quercetin was orally administered by oral gavage (75 mg/kg), on 0, 7, 14 and 20 days of gestation. Foetuses were harvested on the 20th day of gestation and their kidneys, removed and the tissues examined biochemically and histopathologically. Subsequently, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were measured in the renal tissue.Results: Maternal diabetes delayed fetal kidney development and renal tubular necrosis, and reduced the number of renal glomeruli, while quercetin decreased the level of these changes. Accordingly, the MDA level increased while catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities decreased in diabetic fetal kidney. These biochemical changes were corrected by quercetin.Conclusion: Quercetin has a protective effect on some biochemical and pathological changes in the kidney of foetuses exposed to maternal diabetes.Keywords: Maternal diabetes, Streptozotocin, Quercetin, Renal teratogenicity, Fetu
Spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection : A case report and brief analysis
Publisher Copyright: © 2023This case report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and treatment strategies for a 58-year-old male patient diagnosed with spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SISMAD). The patient presented with suddenonset abdominal pain and was diagnosed with SISMAD using computed tomography angiography (CTA). SISMAD is a rare but potentially serious condition that can lead to bowel ischemia and other complications. Management options include surgery, endovascular therapy and conservative management with anticoagulation and close observation. The patient was managed conservatively with antiplatelet therapy and close follow-up. During hospitalization, he received antiplatelet therapy and was closely monitored for signs of bowel ischemia or other complications. The patients' symptoms gradually improved over time, and he was eventually discharged on oral mono- antiagreggation therapy. Clinical follow-up showed a significant symptimatic improvement. Conservative management with antiplatelet therapy was chosen due to the absence of bowel ischemia signs and overall stable clinical condition of patient. This report emphasizes the importance of prompt recognition and management of SISMAD to prevent potentially life-threatening complications. Conservative management with antiplatelet therapy can be a safe and effective treatment option for SISMAD, especially in cases without evidence of bowel ischemia or other complications.Peer reviewe
Disparities in incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer in the world
Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is as the twelfth most frequent cancer and the seventh most important cause of mortality by reason of cancer in the world. Being informed about the incidence and mortality of this cancer and the potential role of development is useful in health policy. The aim of this research is investigating disparities in the incidence and mortality of PC in the world countries in the year 2012. Methods: This study was an ecologic study in the World for assessing the correlation between Human Development Index (HDI) and its details (Gross national income (GNI) per capita, average years of schooling and life expectancy at birth) with age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of PC. Results: In total, 337872 new cases of PC occurred in 2012 around the world, that 178116 and 159711 cases take happen in men and women respectively, also at the same year 330391 deaths of PC occurred, that 173,827 and 156564 cases were in men and women. In assessment the relationship between HDI and ASIR and ASMR of PC there is significant positive correlation equal to 0.767 (p < 0.001) between HDI and ASIR of PC, and a significant positive correlation equal to 0.776 (p < 0.001) between HDI and ASMR of PC. Conclusion: The incidence and mortality of PC has a significant positive correlation with the Human Development Index
Nursing errors and effect on health care: Perception of risk factors from view of nurse in Qazvin
Background and aims: In order to plan for preventing and decreasing the rate of nursing errors, understanding of nurse’s perception of nursing errors could be very helpful. This study was thus designed to examine the critical care nurses perception of nursing errors from view point of critical care nurses. Methods: This study was conducted in 9 hospitals in Qazvin province located in north of Iran. Using convenience sampling, all registered nurses who worked in critical care units were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected between January and March 2015 with using “predisposing factors of nursing errors questionnaire”. Results: Of 379 nurses participated in this study, 77.8 (N= 213) were women. The mean age of participants was 34±2.2 years and mean years of experience was 8.1±1.5 years. Totally, from view of nurses, most and lowest common cusecs of nursing errors were related to “management aspect” and “Team coordination” items respectively. Conclusion: Nursing educational systems should pay more attention to nurses’ perception to nursing errors and may consider their view during planning and education towards decreasing nursing errors in critical care setting
Report of a case marshall syndrome in Western Azerbaijan
زمینه و هدف: سندروم PFAPA یا مارشال اختلال نسبتاً جدید شناخته شده است. این عارضه با مجموعه ای از علائم، شامل دوره های راجعه تب، آفت دهانی، گلودرد و بزرگی غدد لنفاوی شناخته می شود. شروع بیماری معمولاً قبل از سن 5 سالگی می باشد و در اکثر موارد تا سن بلوغ بهبودی می یابد. اخیراً در بالغین نیز گزارش شده است. لکوسیتوز و سدیمان بالای خون در طی حملات دیده می شود. حملات تب 6-3 روز به طول می انجامد. بازگشت حملات هر 3 تا 8 هفته می باشد. دوره حاد بیماری را می توان با تک دوز پردنیزولون 2-1 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم درمان کرد. همچنین پروفیلاکسی با کلشی سین برای حملات تب به کار رفته است. این بیماری در اکثر موارد خود محدود شونده می باشد و معمولاً بدون ایجاد عارضه بهبود می یابد. گزارش مورد: در این گزارش به مرد 27 ساله ای با تشخیص سندروم مارشال که از 8 سال قبل به صورت دوره ای دچار تب و لرز، گلودرد و آفت های دهانی شده اشاره می شود، علایم بیمار به دنبال مصرف تک دوز پردنیزولون سریعاً کاهش یافت. در حملات بعدی نیز نامبرده با همین دارو درمان گردید. نتیجه گیری: گزارش مذکور به این علت حائز اهمیت می باشد که این سندروم بسیار نادر بوده و از طرفی عدم پاسخ آن به درمان های رایج فارنژیت، لزوم تشخیص آن را بیشتر می کند
Prognostic factors of 28 days survival rate in patients with a first acute myocardial infarction based on gender in Isfahan, Iran (2000-2009)
BACKGROUND: Determinant prognostic factors of 28 days survival rate in patients with a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) based on gender in teen year�s period in Isfahan, Iran, was the aim of this study. METHODS: This study is a prospective hospital-based study that consisted, all patients with AMI admitted to all hospitals (private and universal hospitals) in Isfahan and Najafabad (Iran) during 2000-2009. To determinant the prognostic factors of 28 days survival rate in patients based on gender, analysis conducted separately for male and female. In analysis, we use of t-test, log Rank tests, Kaplan�Meier method, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression model. RESULTS: Short-term (28 days) survival rate was 92.5 in male and 86.7 in female (P < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of death for age group 80 years and older was 12.7 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.14-31.3 in male and 8.78 (95% CI: 1.2-63.1) in female. HR for acute transmural MI of the unspecified site in male was 8.9 (95% CI: 4.68-16.97) and in female 9.33 (95% CI: 4.42-19.7). HR for receive of streptokinase in male was 1.11 (95% CI: 0.94-1.31) and in female was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.56-0.84). CONCLUSION: Short-term survival rate in male was a higher than female. In male age, anatomic location of MI and hospital status and in female streptokinase use and anatomic location of MI was the most important prognostic factors of survival in-patient with AMI in Isfahan. © 2015, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved
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