Hate Speech Detection in a mix of English and Hindi-English (Code-Mixed) Tweets

With the increasing usage of social networking platforms seen over recent years, there has been an extensive rise in hate speech usage between the users. Hence, Government and social media platforms face lots of responsibility and challenges to control, detect and eliminate massively growing hateful content as early as possible to prevent future criminal acts such as cyber violence and real-life hate crimes. Since Twitter is used globally by people from various backgrounds and nationalities, the platform contains tweets posted in different languages, including code-mixed language, namely Hindi-English. Due to the informal format of tweets with variations in spelling and grammar, hate speech detection is challenging, especially in code-mixed text containing a mixture of different languages. In this paper, we tackle the critical issue of hate speech on social media, with a focus on a mix of English and Hindi-English (code-mixed) text messages (tweets) on Twitter. We perform hate speech classification using the benefits of character-level embedding representations of tweets and Deep Neural Networks (DNN). We built two architectures, namely Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a combination of CNN and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithms with character-level embedding as an improvement over Elouali et al. (2020)’s work. Both the models were trained using an imbalanced (original) as well as oversampled (balanced) version of the training dataset and were evaluated on the test set. Extensive experimental analysis was performed by tuning the hyperparameters of our models and evaluating their performance in terms of accuracy, efficiency (runtime) and scalability in detecting whether a tweet is hate speech or non-hate. The performance of our proposed models is compared with Elouali et al. (2020)’s model, and it is observed that our method has an improved accuracy and a significantly improved runtime and is scalable. Among our best performing models, CNN-LSTM performed slightly better than CNN with an accuracy of 88.97%

Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition of Arabic Sign Language using Hand Motion Trajectory Features

In this paper we propose a system for dynamic hand gesture recognition of Arabic Sign Language The proposed system takes the dynamic gesture video stream as input extracts hand area and computes hand motion features then uses these features to recognize the gesture The system identifies the hand blob using YCbCr color space to detect skin color of hand The system classifies the input pattern based on correlation coefficients matching technique The significance of the system is its simplicity and ability to recognize the gestures independent of skin color and physical structure of the performers The experiment results show that the gesture recognition rate of 20 different signs performed by 8 different signers is 85 6

Smart homes : a domestic demand response and demand side energy management system for future smart grids

Abstract: Smart homes or the homes of the future will be equipped with advanced technologies for user comfort and entertainment. Intelligent systems will be available to ensure this comfort and reliability. With these technological advancements comes further energy management. The concept of domestic energy efficiency is a concern at present and will be, in the future. So how do we optimize homes and users as to how they conserve energy? Domestic user’s energy usage represents a large amount of total electricity demand. Typical home energy systems utilize a rudimentary form of energy efficiency and management. In this paper we look at a Demand Response and Demand side management system model to curb this situation. The demand response system is achieved by the utility turning on/off smart power plugs wirelessly throughout the home based on peak and off peak periods via communication through its smart grid. To help consumers shift their loads during these times, appliance power sources that can act autonomously based on wired or wireless signals received from the utility via its smart grid is required. Users in response to this, connect their appliances to these plugs by generating their own hierarchy system by prioritizing their appliance usage. Whereas the demand side management system allows users to manually configure dates and times for the turning on/off of the smart power plugs wirelessly through the user’s smart user interface. Therefore, an energy efficient future smart home that can save the user on monthly expenditure and save on energy simultaneously

An interesting case of external type of coxa saltans treated by z plasty of iliotibial band-a case report

Coxa saltans commonly known as snapping hip is a nagging illness which can physically and mentally hinder patients life. A snapping hip (coxa saltans) secondary to a tight iliotibial band rarely needs surgical release since most cases respond well to conservative management. The purpose of this study is to present the surgical results of refractory external-type snapping hip by Z-plasty of the iliotibial band. We present a case report of 47-year-old lady who was diagnosed to have snapping hip of external type who was treated with Brignall and stainsby technique of Z plasty. The surgical results of Z-plasty are excellent and predictable. Careful examination is necessary to rule out other causes. Z-plasty is recommended as an effective surgical treatment of the refractory snapping hip

Comparative study on the performance of caryota urens fiber reinforced concrete of different grades along with Digital image processing techniques

Este trabajo de investigación se enfoca en el efecto de la fibra vegetal natural de caryota urens como refuerzo en las propiedades de resistencia del concreto de diferentes grados. Se añadieron a la mezcla de hormigón fibras de 10 mm, 20 mm y 30 mm de longitud en una proporción del 3% del contenido de ligante. Se agregaron tres fibras de diferentes longitudes en una fracción de volumen fijo a los grados de concreto M30, M40 y M50. Se investigaron las características de trabajabilidad y las propiedades mecánicas de doce mezclas diferentes de hormigón reforzado con fibras. El efecto de las fibras en el comportamiento posterior al agrietamiento de la muestra de concreto se investigó utilizando la técnica de procesamiento de imágenes digitales y las imágenes del sistema de medición de video. Se formularon ecuaciones empíricas para establecer la relación entre la resistencia a la compresión y otras propiedades mecánicas del hormigón utilizando el gráfico de regresión lineal desarrollado. Del estudio se puede concluir que la fibra de cariota con un rico contenido de celulosa contribuye a detener las grietas en la etapa inicial de la carga y evita un mayor plano de grietas en la región posterior al pico. Las fibras contribuyen principalmente a aumentar la resistencia a la tracción del hormigón. El efecto de las fibras es más prominente en la mezcla de concreto M30 en comparación con las mezclas de concreto M40 y M50. Este trabajo de investigación se centra principalmente en la aplicación de fibras vegetales naturales en el hormigón como refuerzo.This research work focuses on the effect of natural caryota urens plant fiber as reinforcement on the strength properties of concrete of different grade. Fiber length of 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm were added to the concrete mix at an amount of 3% of the binder content. Three different lengths of fibers at fixed volume fraction were added to M30, M40 and M50 grades of concrete. The workability characteristics and mechanical property of twelve different fiber reinforced concrete mixes were investigated.  The effect of fibers on the post cracking behaviour of the concrete specimen was investigated using digital image processing technique and video measuring system images.  Using the developed Linear regression plot, empirical equations were formulated to establish relation between the compressive strength and other mechanical properties of concrete. From the study it can be concluded that the caryota fiber with rich cellulose content contribute to arrest the cracks at the initial stage of loading and prevents major crack plane in the post peak region. Fibers mainly contribute to increase tensile strength of concrete. The effect of fibers is more prominent in M30 mix concrete when compared to M40 and M50 concrete mixes. This research work mainly focuses on the application of natural plant fibers in concrete as reinforcement

Management of Extra Articular Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fractures by Intramedullary Interlocking Nailing: A Short Term Analysis

INTRODUCTION: Fractures of tibia remain a controversial subject despite advances in both non-operative and operative care. The goal in expert care is to realign the fracture, realign limb length and early functional recovery. Treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures can be challenging. Fractures in this region have not been clearly distinguished from pilon fractures, and the literature contains relatively little information on their treatment 28.31.32. The mechanism of injury, treatment principles and prognosis for these fractures is different from and must be distinguished from those for both proximal diaphyseal fractures and distal intra-articular pilon fractures 5. Treatment selection is influenced by the proximity of the fracture to the plafond, fracture displacement, comminution, and injury to the soft-tissue envelope. AIM: To analyse the short term results of intramedullary interlocking nailing in the management of extra articular distal tibial metaphyseal fractures done in our institution during the period February 2005 to August 2007. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was designed to review the outcomes of the treatment of extraarticular distal tibial metaphyseal fractures by intramedullary interlocking nailing. From Feb 2005 to Aug 2007, 28 consecutive extraarticular distal tibial metaphyseal fractures in skeletally matured patients managed by primary locked intramedullary nailing. Inclusion criteria were, fracture sustained within the past 1 week, skeletal maturity, fracture centre in the distal metaphysis of tibia involving the distal 5 cm , associated fibular fracture and treatment with an intramedullary nail of the fracture pattern that allowed placement of atleast 2 distal interlocking screws through the nail. Patients with neglected fractures (more than 3 weeks), non union, and patient with multiple injuries or a history of previous knee or ankle pathology were not included as were patients who sustained high energy axial load injury causing disruption or impaction of the ankle plafond. Patients suffering from open fractures underwent debridement and primary closure followed by stabilisation. Closed fractures were initially managed by reduction and application of splint followed by operative treatment to decrease the soft tissue swelling. All patients were given I.V third generation cephalosporin during induction wich was continued for 3-5 days post operatively. The average time from the moment of injury to the operative fixation of fracture was 12 days (range 6 hrs to 20 days). RESULTS: The mean follow up was 14 months (range 3m to 26 m).The average distance from the distal extent of the tibial fracture to the plafond was 4.8 cm (range, 4.2 cm to 5.8 cm). The average distance between the distal tip of the nail and the articular surface of the plafond was 12 mm (range, 4 to 15 mm). The decision for adjunctive fibular stabilisation as well as the number and orientation of the distal locking bolts were made at the surgeon’s discretion. Fibular plating was done in 10 patients. Two distal locking bolts were used in 26 patients; 2 patients had three distal locking bolts. CONCLUSION: Intramedullary nailing is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of extra articular distal metaphyseal tibial fractures if careful preoperative planning is allied with meticulous surgical technique. Acceptable alignment of the short distal fragment during surgery is necessary for good functional outcome. Knowledge and recognition of inherent instability of the short distal fragment is necessary to enable stable fixation and avoid loss of reduction on follow up. We propose a new classification to aid stable fixation of the distal fragment by fibular plating. Prospective, randomized, clinical trials are needed to determine the outcomes of metohods of internal fixation in the management of extra articular distal metaphyseal tibial fractures

Smart homes : energy efficiency based on demand side management and game theoretic algorithm

Abstract: The smart home is an integral part of future energy management and control. The reduction of domestic energy consumption and improved energy efficiency of households will require intelligent systems that constantly monitor the household electricity usage and provides real-time updates to the user. This will lead to a bill reduction for households and energy efficiency. In this paper we investigate two concepts, namely; (i) the effect of a demand side management system, where a smart meter prototype was provided to each household depicting detailed and real-time information to the user, and (ii) a Game theoretic algorithm to manage and minimize the daily electricity expenditure and improve the energy efficiency of the domestic household. Computational results and data are provided and discussed that determine which system would work the best

A displaced T type intercondylar distal humerus fracture with radial nerve palsy in a 10-year-old treated by closed reduction and K wire fixation

T type intercondylar fractures of the distal hummers in the pediatric age group is an extremely rare injury. These fractures are difficult to diagnosed as they can be mistaken for extension type injuries. The few clinal trials on the management of the fracture, it is widely regarded that the accepted method of treatment is open reduction and rigid internal fixation. It is easier to ensure stable articular reconstruction of the intra articular fragments by this method. Open reduction and internal fixation of there fractures are associated with high complication rate, which include wound site problems, non-union due to periosteal stripping, heterotrophic ossification and iatrogenic nerve injury. Large soft tissue dissection can also lead to vascular compromise and significant scar tissue which is associated with a stiff elbow. We present a case of a 10-year-old boy who sustained an intercondylar fracture with radial nerve palsy which was treated by closed reduction and Kirshner wire fixation with excellent results at 1 year follow up

Method Development and Validation of Related Substances for the Simultaneous Estimation of Atorvastatin and Ezetimibe in Tablet Dosage Form by RP-HPLC

In this study, RP-HPLC based Related substances method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of Atorvastatin calcium and Ezetimibe in tablet dosage form and validated according to ICH guidelines. There was no compendial methods available for the determination of Atorvastatin and Ezetimibe in pharmaceutical dosage form. From the literature review, it was evident that very few simultaneous estimation of Related substances methods were reported in articles for determining Atorvastatin and Ezetimibe. The reported simultaneous estimation of Related substances methods make use of C18 and C8 column of different dimension for the separation of analyte and the impurity. Most reversed phase separation are carried out using a polar solvents such as methanol or acetonitrile as mobile phase with peak shape modifiers. Comparatively in our study C18 column with Buffer and organic modifier Acetonitrile alone are utilised for the efficient separation of analyte and the impurity in a single run. In order to obtain the complete separation of Impurity peaks from the significant main peaks the retention time values of both the analytes should be well separated so that there may not be overlapping of peaks. The developed method is superior over other reported methods in terms of resolution between analyte and impurity peak, retention time and sensitivity. The related substances estimation of this In-house formulation was performed and the percentage purity of Atorvastatin and Ezetimibe was found to be 100.09%. Hence the developed method was reported and was validated as per ICH guidelines. CONCLUSION: A simple, rapid, novel and precise method using RP-HPLC technique was developed for the determination and simultaneous estimation of Related Substances in Atorvastatin calcium and Ezetimibe in tablet dosage form. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines with the validation parameters such as accuracy, precision, robustness, precision, specificity. The percentage Impurities was within the limit for commercial tablets and the Impurity peaks do not interfere with significant main peaks. The proposed method was used for routine analysis and quality control analysis of pharmaceutical preparations. The identification of unknown impurity peaks may be taken up as further research in this study