Effectiveness of glass as a substitute for cement and fine aggregate in concrete mix

Construction field is a field that is wider than the other fields. The construction is becoming increasingly rapidly to meet the growing population. In the field of construction, concrete is an essential element to construct a building. Production of concrete leads to a reduction in natural resources as materials used in producing a concrete. For example of fine aggregate and cement. Furthermore, this problem gets attention from some parties in finding an alternative to reduce waste and maintained the natural resources to produce concrete using waste materials. Therefore, waste materials will be used in the concrete mix to reduce landfill and can reduce residual waste. Glass has high potential to be replaced as a cement-pozzolan [1]. Glass can be used in concrete as three kinds of elements include coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and powder. Thus, the aim of this project is to replace glass as the replacement of cement and fine aggregate in concrete. In significant of this study, the issues regarding environmental can be reduced. Moreover, recycling waste will help to conserve the earth's natural resources, reduce landfill space and save energy and money [2]. Thus, this study will give an advantage to the various parties, particularly in the field of construction

Pembangunan kerangka konsep modal insan holistik berciri keusahawanan

Bidang keusahawanan dilihat sebagai satu kerjaya yang berpotensi untuk mengatasi masalah pengangguran. Pelbagai usaha telah dilaksanakan oleh pihak berkepentingan menerusi lonjakan pertama Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2015-2025 (Pendidikan Tinggi), (PPPM-PT) serta kelangsungan daripada perlaksanaan Pelan Tindakan Keusahawanan Institusi Pengajian Tinggi 2016-2020, pembangunan modal insan yang holistik dan berciri keusahawanan menjadi tunjang dalam melahirkan graduan usahawan yang disasarkan. Namun, berdasarkan pencapaian semasa, perkara ini agak sukar dilaksanakan kerana keinginan pelajar dalam keusahawanan kurang memberangsangkan terutamanya siswazah dalam aliran teknikal. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk menghasilkan Kerangka Konsep Modal Insan Holistik-Entrepreneur (MIH-ent) bagi panduan tenaga pengajar kokurikulum di Rangkaian Universiti Teknikal Malaysia sebagai salah satu usaha meningkatkan keinginan keusahawanan pelajar. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah Exploratory Sequential Mix-Method dengan melibatkan tiga fasa kajian. Fasa pertama, pemerolehan data secara kualitatif berkaitan dengan pembangunan modal insan holistik berciri keusahawanan berdasarkan atribut-atribut jasmani, emosi, rohani dan intelek (JERI). Menerusi fasa kedua pula, penyelidik telah menggunakan instrumen soal selidik yang telah dibangunkan bagi memperoleh data kuantitatif. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 172 orang tenaga pengajar Kursus Kokurikulum Berkredit (KKB) dan dapatan kajian kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan perisian Winsteps V3.69.1.11. Manakala dalam fasa terakhir adalah merupakan peringkat menguji dan mengesahkan Kerangka Konsep MIH-ent yang telah dibangunkan, pengkaji menjalankan analisis komponen utama (AKU) menggunakan pendekatan model pengukuran Rasch. Hasil daripada analisis AKU menunjukkan semua atribut JERI bagi pembangunan Kerangka Konsep MIH-ent telah memenuhi kriteria dengan nilai PTMEA CORR positif dan bersifat unidimensi. Daripada kajian ini, Kerangka Konsep MIH-ent yang telah berjaya dihasilkan serta dicadangkan menjadi panduan dan rujukan kepada tenaga pengajar KKB serta pihak berkaitan dalam usaha meningkatkan keinginan keusahawanan pelajar dan secara langsung dapat menjadikan bidang keusahawanan sebagai salah satu kerjaya pilihan di Malaysia

Khalwat: keperluan kepada hukuman sebat dan alternatif

Khalwat adalah merupakan kesalahan jenayah syariah yang paling kerap berlaku di Malaysia berbanding kesalahan jenayah syariah yang lain. Penangkapan para pesalah khalwat seringkali dilaporkan oleh media elektronik dan media cetak. Malah lambakan kes khalwat yang belum selesai di mahkamah jelas menunjukkan masih ramai individu yang tidak gentar dengan undang-undang dan hukuman yang sedia ada. Sehubungan itu, artikel ini mengenal pasti permasalahan berkaitan peruntukan undang-undang yang mengawal selia jenayah khalwat di Malaysia. Setiap negeri di negara ini mempunyai peruntukan bagi kesalahan khalwat di bawah enakmen kesalahan jenayah syariah negeri masing-masing. Namun penulisan ini hanya mengkaji peruntukan khalwat di bawah Enakmen Jenayah Syariah (Selangor) 1995. Ia turut membincangkan keberkesanan hukuman penjara dan denda yang diperuntukkan di bawah enakmen kesalahan jenayah syariah negeri buat masa ini. Artikel ini kemudiannya mencadangkan agar hukuman sebat dan alternatif seperti perintah menghadiri kelas bimbingan dan agama dikenakan terhadap pesalah khalwat yang disabitkan. Ini kerana hukuman sedemikian dilihat sebagai satu metod terbaik bagi menginsafkan pesalah khalwat agar tidak mengulangi kesalahan tersebut

Factors that makes up profitable customer loyalty toward the organizations / Nurul Huda Mohamad

The research has been conducted at Apex Communications Sdn Bhd at Jalan P.Ramlee, Kuala Lumpur. This research is about a study on factors that makes unprofitable customer loyalty toward the organization. This research is conducted in order to know the customer loyalty toward the organizations because we have three factors, which is relationship strength, perceived alternatives and critical episodes. The objectives of this research are to determine the level of customer loyalty and its factors toward Apex Communications Sdn Bhd. Based on the study, customer loyalty is important to any organization in term of enhancing their profit and to retain its current customers. In order to sustain their competitiveness in the marketplace, each firm needs to provide the excellent services towards their customers. If the firms failed to maintain and enhanced their services, it is impossible for them to achieve their targets. Further, this study also is more emphasizing regarding to the organizations need improvement to maintain their relationship with customers. It is because that has some factors, the organization do not practice entirely to ensure that their relationship with customer becomes more enjoyable and efficient but only several factors that the organizations apply to fulfill customer needs and wants the result of this research will show the importance factors of customer loyalty, which are, contribute to the loyalty. In addition, the article concludes with a discussion of the research to improved understanding of the factor that makes up profitable customer loyalty toward the organization

Design and Implementation of e-Book Authoring and Customization

Electronic book (e-Book) is an electronic version of traditional print book that can be read by using a personal computer or an e-Book reader. Users can purchase an e-Book on diskette or CD, but the most popular method of getting an e-Book is to purchase or download the e-Book from a Web site to be read from the user's computer or reading device. The e-Book future has not been clearly seen yet, as some says that nothing can beat the original printed books but some others would say that e-Book is the future of reading. This report is a final year project involving a research and implementation of an improved version of e-Book. The research is conducted to get a better understanding on the e-Book itself, what it is and what are the advantages and disadvantages of e- Books. On the implementation side, an improved version of e-Book is developed, with the focus on the design, and functionalities and the special facilities. The implementation will also improve the way e-Book is presented. The newly improved e- Book is expected to enhance the reading of e-Book. Scope of study will cover on the e- Book, the comparison between e-Books in the internet, the programming language that is used for the development of the project; which is HTML, PHP and JavaScript, and also on the human and computer interaction to ensure the interactivity between user and the computer. This project adopted the Rapid Application Development methodology to converge early towards an acceptable and a feasible design of the project. The results of this project will cover the survey analysis on e-Books, and the improved version of e- Book. i

Inherent Environmental Protection Analysis For Process Plant

This paper presents an approach considering environmental factor in earlier stage of designing a plant design. The objective of this research is to develop a framework using inherent concept to take consideration the environment factor in earlier design stage. This approach is developed to improve the available methods in minimizing the waste, effluent and pollution that been discharge to the environment. This approach will be applied in flow sheeting stage. The framework applies the inherent concept and takes into account the environmental factor such as waste, effluent and pollution issues to be assess as the pollutants. The result for each pollutant will be benchmarked to the environment indices that are following the environmental law. This research has developed a demonstrative tool by using HYSYS simulation and Microsoft Excel as the platform. This project will be test on a refinery plant model to approve that the framework can be realized. The tool was developed to minimize the waste, effluent and pollution in a propose process by using inherent environmental protection methods. It is expected that by using this developed inherent waste minimization and environment will reduce the amount of waste, effluent and pollution that are released to the environment

Theoretical Reaction Mechanism for Ammonia Synthesis

In this paper, reaction mechanism of ammonia synthesis is studied using Density Functional Theory method. A model reaction mechanism is chosen from the literature and simulation is carried out for each elementary steps. For this job, Optimization and Frequency calculation were carried out. The output file from frequency calculation generated thermochemical data which is required to calculate the reaction energy and the reaction rate in order to determine the raction mechanism for ammonia synthesis and the rate-limiting ste

The relationship between risks and efficiency of Islamic banks in Malaysia

Malaysia is a country known as the Islamic financial hub which plays an important role in its economic growth. Given the situation and the development of positive economic growth in Malaysia, Islamic banking needs to improve their performance in terms of efficiency in order to follow the current circumstances. However, Islamic banking is not spared from dealing with certain risks which will impact on their efficiency. Thus, the main objective of this study was to examine the efficiency level of Islamic banks in Malaysia and their relation to credit risk, liquidity risk and operational risk from the period of 2008 to 2013. Twelve Islamic banks were chosen as samples for this study which were taken by the availability of data, through each banks’ annual report from 2008 to 2013. This study was conducted by applying the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Multiple Regression Analysis to achieve its objectives. The finding shows that Islamic banks in Malaysia exhibited a total of 77.1% of overall efficiency of technical (OTE), 83.1% of Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE) and 92.6% of Scale Efficiency (SE). Despite the global financial crisis that occured during the middle year of 2007 to the end of 2009 which slightly affected Asian countries such as Malaysia, nevertheless, Islamic banks seem to be more robust during the crisis than conventional banks. This is because of its basic nature which prohibited interest payments (riba) in all transactions. This study shows that credit risk has a negative significant relationship with efficiency of Islamic banks, while liquidity was found to be positive related to efficiency of Islamic banks. This study also found that the size of the bank has positive significant relationship to efficiency. Finding from this study give contribution to the policy makers and regulators as well as to the managers of Islamic banks by providing empirical evidence on the performance of the Islamic banks in Malaysia towards the efficiency level and risks relationshi

A study on inventory control system practice in Kuantan food processing small medium enterprise (sme)

New era and globalisation world that every challenge mind and our mind has made people rated medium rise by building medium small industry. Business that start on a small scale is a site to a company until market their products in world market. Medium Small Enterprise (SME) is very important in building national economy. Therefore, this thesis discuss research related system inventory management used by company under small medium Enterprise (SME). Objective this thesis is to identify problem which occurred in system inventory management used wear by bakery manually record and produce one management system inventory control use software Microsoft Excel. Decision found, this system successfully produced and can be recycled for inventory management that is more efficient and fast. Apart from that, this system can reduce rate additional cost for paper printing to record inventory and it can also save space. Furthermore, this system can reduce cost stock that is excess

Synthesis of molten salt as heat transfer fluid for waste heat recovery application

Basically, various materials such as water, oil heat, ionic liquids and also molten salt are selected to serve as heat transfer fluid. The properties of the different heat transfer fluid determine their performance in any application. The development of nitrate molten salt with different constituent salt are studied to characterize the physical and thermal properties based on low melting point and high thermal stability in order to be considered as heat transfer fluid in waste heat recovery applications. The nitrate based molten salt that has been use in this study consists of binary, ternary and quaternary salt mixture with different weight composition. Molten salt mixture has been dried in the furnace for 12 hours before mixing. After mixing, the salt mixture was heated in furnace at 150 ºC for 4 hours and increased the temperature to 400 ºC for 8 hours for homogenize the salt mixture. The temperature was reduced to 115 ºC for 1 hour before removed from furnace. Thermal analyses were performed using differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These analyses were conducted to obtain the melting point, thermal stability and heat capacity of molten salt and fulfill the targeted characteristic of a heat transfer fluid. The result shows the melting point for ternary and quaternary mixtures are closely 100 ºC where the value is 92.4 ºC and 98.9 ºC compared than binary mixtures. Thermal stability analyzed in this study shows that the value for all mixture above 500 ºC but quaternary mixture showed the highest thermal stability which the value is 701 ºC. For heat capacity value of all mixture shows a range between 2.5 – 4.7 J/g ºC and quaternary mixture showed the highest value of heat capacity when compared to all mixture with value of 4.7 J/g ºC. For the conclusion, the quaternary salt mixture has fulfilled the targeted characteristic as heat transfer fluid with low melting point, high thermal stability and heat capacity