Study of surgical site infection in patients undergoing caesarean section at tertiary care center, Gujarat

Background: Surgical site infection following cesarean delivery leads to increasing the duration of patient hospitalization, hospital costs and raise the burden on our healthcare system. The incidence of SSI after cesarean range from 3% to 5%. Objective of current investigation was to study the risk factor & microbial agents responsible for SSI in LSCS and impact of SSI on perinatal outcome.Methods: This prospective study was done among 324 pregnant women undergoing LSCS at department of obstetrics and Gynecology in GMERS medical college & hospital, Sola, Ahmedabad during April 2015 to April 2016. All patients were following up to 7thpostoperative day.SSI was defined by CDC criteria.Results: The incidence of SSI noted in present study was 8.02%. Almost 46.2% cases had BMI ≥25 kg/m2, 65.4% multipara, 34.6% resided in rural area of SSI group. PIH, PROM, LSCS in emergency, multiple vaginal examination (>3), perioperative blood glucose (≥110 mg/dl), duration of surgery (≥60 min), past H/O of LSCS noted in participants of SSI was 30.8%, 30.8%, 96.1, 19.3%, 84.6%, 23.1%), 73.1% respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common microorganism identified and incidence of NICU admission was 11.5% in SSI group.Conclusions: Incidence of SSI in present is 8.02%. BMI, PIH, PROM, LSCS in emergency, multiple vaginal examination (>3), perioperative blood glucose (≥110 mg/dl), duration of surgery (≥60 min), Past H/O of LSCS were noted statistically significantly higher among the participants of SSI group. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism identified

Analysis of Mullerian developmental defects in a tertiary care hospital: a four year experience

Background: Mullerian duct anomalies are congenital anomalies of the female genital tract. Mullerian duct anomalies affect the reproductive health of the female to a varied extent. This may present as obstructive or as non-obstructive anomalies. When clinically suspected, proper investigations are required to confirm the diagnosis including ultrasonography, laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.Methods: In the present study, all the patients presenting with Mullerian duct anomalies to the gynaecology OPD at General Hospital, Sola, GMERS Medical College, Ahmedabad during the four year duration from 2011 to 2014 were included. These patients were analysed with respect to their incidence, presenting complain, age at presentation, classified according to AFS classification after proper diagnosis and managed individually.Results: The incidence of Mullerian duct anomalies was found to be 0.084%.52.9% belonged to the age group of 21 to 25 years. Most of these patients (73.5%) presented with chronic complains. Only a few presented with acute symptoms (14.7%) whereas a few were asymptomatic (11.8%). Septate uterus (20.6%) was the most common anomaly diagnosed at our setup followed by bicornuate uterus (17.7%) and tansverse vaginal septum (17.6%). History along with clinical and USG examination were adequate in diagnosis of patients with vaginal agenesis, didelphic, bicornuate uterus, TVS and imperforate hymen. Laparoscopy was needed to confirm cases of MRKH & unicornuate uterus and hysteroscopy for cases of septate uterus. Arcuate uterus was diagnosed during LSCS. Conclusions: It was thus concluded that with timely evaluation, diagnosis and optimal management, their menstrual disturbances are relieved early in adolescence period recuperating their psychiatric health & improving their reproductive carrier. Delay in management may cause serious complications and potential infertility

Genomic Profiling of Childhood Tumor Patient-Derived Xenograft Models to Enable Rational Clinical Trial Design.

Accelerating cures for children with cancer remains an immediate challenge as a result of extensive oncogenic heterogeneity between and within histologies, distinct molecular mechanisms evolving between diagnosis and relapsed disease, and limited therapeutic options. To systematically prioritize and rationally test novel agents in preclinical murine models, researchers within the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Consortium are continuously developing patient-derived xenografts (PDXs)-many of which are refractory to current standard-of-care treatments-from high-risk childhood cancers. Here, we genomically characterize 261 PDX models from 37 unique pediatric cancers; demonstrate faithful recapitulation of histologies and subtypes; and refine our understanding of relapsed disease. In addition, we use expression signatures to classify tumors for TP53 and NF1 pathway inactivation. We anticipate that these data will serve as a resource for pediatric oncology drug development and will guide rational clinical trial design for children with cancer

The Evolving Landscape of Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases : Exosomes Characteristics and a Promising Role in Early Diagnosis

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) remains to be one of the biggest burdens on healthcare systems and serves as a leading cause of disability and death. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is among the most common of such disorders, followed by Parkinson’s disease (PD). The basic molecular details of disease initiation and pathology are still under research. Only recently, the role of exosomes has been linked to the initiation and progression of these neurodegenerative diseases. Exosomes are small bilipid layer enclosed extracellular vesicles, which were once considered as a cellular waste and functionless. These nano-vesicles of 30–150 nm in diameter carry specific proteins, lipids, functional mRNAs, and high amounts of non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs). As the exosomes content is known to vary as per their originating and recipient cells, these vesicles can be utilized as a diagnostic biomarker for early disease detection. Here we review exosomes, their biogenesis, composition, and role in neurodegenerative diseases. We have also provided details for their characterization through an array of available techniques. Their updated role in neurodegenerative disease pathology is also discussed. Finally, we have shed light on a novel field of salivary exosomes as a potential candidate for early diagnosis in neurodegenerative diseases and compared the biomarkers of salivary exosomes with other blood/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) based exosomes within these neurological ailmentsValiderad;2021;Nivå 2;2021-01-13 (johcin)</p

Abstracts of Scientifica 2022

This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at Scientifica 2022, Organized by the Sancheti Institute College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, India, held on 12–13 March 2022. This conference helps bring researchers together across the globe on one platform to help benefit the young researchers. There were six invited talks from different fields of Physiotherapy and seven panel discussions including over thirty speakers across the globe which made the conference interesting due to the diversity of topics covered during the conference. Conference Title:  Scientifica 2022Conference Date: 12–13 March 2022Conference Location: Sancheti Institute College of PhysiotherapyConference Organizer: Sancheti Institute College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, Indi