Metrorrhagia iuvenilis and Premenstrual Syndrome as frequent problems of adolescent gynecology with aspects of diet therapy

Painful menstruation, premenstrual syndrome and metrorrhagia iuvenilis are one of the most common problems related to the sexual cycle in adolescent girls. Metrorrhagia iuvenilis is acyclic bleeding that occurs in adolescents and lasts from over 10 days even up to 3 months. These bleeds are very abundant and have a tendency to relapse. They cause anemia, and severe cases can be life-threatening. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a cluster of somatic, emotional and behavioural symptoms occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The aetiology of PMS remains unknown. According to strict diagnostic criteria, an estimated 2.5–5% of girls and women are affected by PMS. However, some researchers maintain that the symptoms of PMS may be prevalent in as many as 40–80% of girls and women. This article it has been discussed premenstrual syndrome and metrorrhagia iuvenilis and aspects related to dietotherapy were included

The role of diet and probiotics in prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis in adolescent girls and non-pregnant women

The article raises important issues regarding the use of diet and probiotics in prevention and treatment of vaginitis.Vaginitis is defined as any condition with symptoms of abnormal vaginal discharge. The most common causes of vaginitisare vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis (BV). Vaginitis has been linked to itching, burning,pain, discharge, irritation and also adverse reproductive and obstetric health outcomes. Moreover, microorganisms thatbuild vaginal flora in the state of bacterial vaginosis are a source of cervicitis and endometritis (often in subclinical forms)and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)The proper diet and probiotics consumption may influence the composition of the gut microbiota, improve gut integrity,and have an impact on maintaining and recovering the normal vaginal microbiota.Future studies and reviews investigating the role of diet and probiotics in changes to gut and vaginal microbiome need tofocus on deciphering the mechanismus of host bacteria interaction in vulvovaginal health

The relationship between body mass index, body composition and premenstrual syndrome prevalence in girls

Objectives: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a cluster of physical and emotional symptoms occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The study aim was to determine the relationship between PMS, and state of nutrition expressed as Body Mass Index (BMI) and body composition in 18-year-old females.  Material and methods: The study was conducted on 476 women divided into two groups i.e. those suffering from PMS (n = 233) and those without symptoms (n = 243). The women were examined during their luteal phase using bioelectrical impedance analysis to determine their body composition. Height and weight were measured using digital medical scales with an electronic height rod. BMI was calculated thus: BMI = body mass (weight) (kg)/height (m2). The subjects were di- vided into two sub-groups: BMI < 25 kg/m2 and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Statistical analysis was carried out using STATISTICA 10 PL software and the Mann-Whitney test.  Results: The women with normal BMI suffered from PMS twice as often as the women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (68.2% vs. 31.8%). There were significantly higher values for Fat Mass (FM) (%) (p < 0.01) and FM (kg) (p < 0.001) in women without PMS, and significantly higher values for Fat-Free Mass (FFM) (%) (p < 0.001) and Total Body Water (TBW) (%) (p < 0.001) in women with PMS. Higher values were reported for FFM (kg) and TBW (kg) (p < 0.05) in girls with PMS and BMI ≥ 25. Conclusions: These results show PMS is more frequent in patients with BMI < 25, and less frequent in patients with higher FM (kg) and FM (%). Moreover, significant frequency of PMS was observed in patients with higher FFM and TBW. Such statistical significance was not confirmed in girls with a BMI < 25.

Application of auxological methods, including dental age estimation, in the assessment of delayed puberty in girls in gynecological practice

Developmental gynecology uses methods practiced in auxology — the science of human ontogenetic development. An important and jointly used concept in gynecology and auxology is the concept of developmental age, which, unlike calendar age, is a measure of the biological maturity of the organism, indicating the stage of advancement in the development of certain features or body systems. Developmental age assessment methods include: a) morphological (somatic) age — body height and weight, b) secondary sex characteristics — breast in girls, genitalia (penis and testes) in boys, and pubic hair in both sexes, c) bone age — hand and wrist x-ray, and d) dental age. An important marker of developmental age is also age at menarche, treated as a late indicator of puberty in girls. All of these methods are useful in the context of assessing regularity and disorders of puberty, such as delayed puberty. The paper discusses developmental age assessment methods that can be used to diagnose delayed puberty as well as the causes of delayed puberty in girls. It should be emphasized that in assessing the process of physical development of a given individual, the cooperation of specialists in the field of developmental gynecology, pediatrics, auxology, dentistry, endocrinology, and dietetics would be the most desirable

The role of visceral therapy, Kegel’s muscle, core stability and diet in pelvic support disorders and urinary incontinence — including sexological aspects and the role of physiotherapy and osteopathy

Proper diet and physical activity are a form of prevention of female genital prolapse disorders. The causal substrate of pelvic floor dysfunction is multifactorial. Fifty percent of women over the age of 50 have pelvic organ prolapse, often accompanied by urinary incontinence. It is a complicated social and medical (urogynecological and sexological) problem. The authors conducted a literature review on the role of visceral therapy, Kegel and core stability exercises and diet in pelvic support disorders and urinary incontinence. The eligible articles provided insights into sexological factors, as well as the role of osteopathy and physiotherapy. These results provide new insights into the relevance of clinical practice. In addition to standard treatment methods used in gynaecology, sexology, physiotherapy and osteopathy (e.g., visceral therapy), Kegel muscle and core stability exercises are becoming increasingly important. The aim of visceral therapy is to restore the mobility of the organs while reducing increased tension and improving blood and lymph circulation. This has the effect of reducing pain sensations, thereby influencing the function of the uterus and ovaries

Visceral therapy in disorders of the female reproductive organs

Dyspareunia is genital pain during sexual intercourse without constriction of the vulva or vagina. This is one of the most significant issues that lies at the border of gynaecology and sexology. Dyspareunia can be caused by endometriosis. Many women can also experience premenstrual syndrome, which can occur as a separate problem. All three of these can result from an imbalance between the female genital organs and their surrounding tissues with other structures of the skeletal or visceral system, with impaired mobility and motility of organs, intra-organ movement, vascular drainage, a pressure gradient between the urogenital and diaphragmatic cylinders, dysfunctions in the area of the broad ligament of the uterus, and fascial bonding. Apart from standard treatment methods used in gynaecology and sexology, physiotherapy (e.g., visceral therapy) is of great value. Visceral therapy aims at restoring intra-organ movement, reducing tension, focusing on the area of the two cylinders of the trunk, and supporting the functioning of the vascular system in the vicinity of the uterus. All these activities reduce pain and substantially change the functioning of the uterus and ovaries

The Role of Visceral Therapy in the Sexual Health of Women with Endometriosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review

Patients with endometriosis had limited possibilities for contemporary diagnosis and treatment during the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. Surgeries that may have eliminated pain or restored fertility were postponed. Endometriosis may affect the vagina, peritoneum, bladder, or other organs outside the pelvis and impact women’s sexual health, especially during pandemics. Holistic care of patients is crucial to improving their lives and sexual health. A scoping review was conducted to analyze the relevant literature in light of our experience in gynecology and physiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic