In Vitro Anti Microbial Activity of Roylea elegans, Chrozophora tinctoria, and Daphniphyllum himalaense

Herbal combination plays a major role in enhancing the activity due to its synergetic effects. Many well-known plants possess their antibacterial activity individually, and a combination of these may lead to the better efficacy of results. Plants belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae and Laminaceae possess an excellent antibacterial effect against various bacteria. However, secondary metabolites like; terpenes, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds are well for their free radical scavenging activity, which may inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thus, the combination of these herbal plants is evaluated for antibacterial activity using hydrogel forms solution

Querying Streaming System Monitoring Data for Enterprise System Anomaly Detection

The need for countering Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks has led to the solutions that ubiquitously monitor system activities in each enterprise host, and perform timely abnormal system behavior detection over the stream of monitoring data. However, existing stream-based solutions lack explicit language constructs for expressing anomaly models that capture abnormal system behaviors, thus facing challenges in incorporating expert knowledge to perform timely anomaly detection over the large-scale monitoring data. To address these limitations, we build SAQL, a novel stream-based query system that takes as input, a real-time event feed aggregated from multiple hosts in an enterprise, and provides an anomaly query engine that queries the event feed to identify abnormal behaviors based on the specified anomaly models. SAQL provides a domain-specific query language, Stream-based Anomaly Query Language (SAQL), that uniquely integrates critical primitives for expressing major types of anomaly models. In the demo, we aim to show the complete usage scenario of SAQL by (1) performing an APT attack in a controlled environment, and (2) using SAQL to detect the abnormal behaviors in real time by querying the collected stream of system monitoring data that contains the attack traces. The audience will have the option to interact with the system and detect the attack footprints in real time via issuing queries and checking the query results through a command-line UI.Comment: Accepted paper at ICDE 2020 demonstrations track. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1806.0933

A comparative analysis of morphometric changes in the angle of anterior chamber after cataract surgery

Background: Cataract surgery brings about certain changes in the angle of anterior chamber and we aimed at understanding the morphometric changes occurring in the angle at the site of incision (SOI) and the site opposite to it (OSOI) after two types of cataract surgeries viz. phacoemulsification and manual small incision cataract surgery (SICS) at two postoperative follow-ups.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at AIIMS, Rishikesh and a minimum of 60 patients were enrolled. They were divided into two groups based on the surgery performed, 30 patients had undergone phacoemulsification (group A) and 30 patients had undergone SICS (group B). The patients were evaluated using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the parameters measured were central anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), angle opening distance (AOD), and trabecular iris surface area (TISA). The subjects were assessed preoperatively, post-operatively at 1 week and 6 weeks.Results: The increase in the angle parameters at 1 week and 6 weeks post-operatively was found to be statistically significant in the two groups (p<0.05). The increase in the parameters was also compared between the two surgeries and was found to have no statistical difference.Conclusions: We were able to conclude that a simple cataract extraction can help treat two most common causes of blindness, cataract and glaucoma and the technique of cataract surgery used does not influence the change brought about in the angle

A Research Update: Significance of Cytokine Storm and Diaphragm in COVID-19

Emerging research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) shows that it is spreading to multiple organs in addition to the respiratory system. Though the SARS-CoV2 enters the human body by binding to ACE2 receptors on pulmonary alveolar cells, recent studies indicate that it is spreading to the central nervous system, cardiac and skeletal muscles leading to various pathological conditions in these organs. In particular, the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on triggering the cytokine storm and its consequential effects on skeletal muscles has generated a lot of discussion. The effects of this virus on muscular function especially in susceptible elderly populations is still being explored. However, its effects on diaphragm, a respiratory muscle which plays an important role in determining lung capacity are not completely explored. Currently, as new evidence on using lung ultrasounds to confirm COVID-19 diagnosis is gaining traction, it is necessary to explore the role of diaphragm in treating COVID-19 patients. This article will review the effects of cytokine storm triggered by the SARS- CoV-2 and its resultant effects on skeletal muscle with a specific focus on the diaphragm in order to identify knowledge gaps in effectively treating COVID-19 patients, especially those who are on a mechanical ventilator

Comparative study of dry eye after Phacoemulsification in senile cataract

Background:Corneal surgery has been identified as one of the risk factors for the development of dry eye disease by decreasing corneal sensation and changing the contour of the ocular surface as a result of the inflammation caused by surgical trauma. Clear cornea phacoemulsification may also alter the ocular surface and disrupts normal tear function in eyes.  The  purpose  of  study  to  compare  dry eye  caused  by phacoemulsification   in  different  age  groups  in senile cataract  patient with no pre-existing  dry eye.Methods: After  taking  informed  consent  50  eyes  of  50 patient  of  senile  cataract  with  no preoperative  dry eye  had  under gone   2.75 mm  superior clear corneal phacoemulsification  with  IOL implantation.  After ruling out  pre-existing  ocular disease, surgery ,trauma and systemic diseases, Dry  Eye  evaluation by  schirmer1test , FTBUT and  lissamine  conjunctival  staining was done pre and  postoperatively at 1st ,4th and  12th week .Data was collected and analysed on IBM SPSS version 23 by paired T test.Results: In all age group, S1T and FTBUT, conjunctival staining showed   lowest   values at 1stweek (p <0.05) and by 12th week values has come near to base line value (p <0.05). Results showed only 38% of cases in 45-55 age group, 50% in 56-65 age group and all the cases showed dry eye in 66-75 age group at 12th week.Conclusions: We  have concluded that  phacoemulsification  surgery  affects  the  tear  film  stability and the  production of tears postoperatively and causes  dry  eye  more  in  the  older  age  group.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta -Etiology and Prosthodontic Management

Amelogenesis imperfecta represents a variety of structural abnormalities of enamel that result from some malfunction of the enamel organ. The aim of the treatment is to restore esthetics,masticatory function, increase vertical dimension of occlusion and&nbsp; reduce &nbsp;hypersensitivity of teeth. Modern &nbsp;methods and materials have widened the range of available treatment

Prescribing pattern in ophthalmological outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Dehradun, Uttarakhand: a pharmaco-epidemiological study

Background: Irrational prescribing is a common phenomenon, seen among medical practitioners. Knowledge, awareness, and attitude denote the practicing trends among the practitioners. The objective of this study was to describe the prescribing practices in Ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) to promote rational prescribing.Methods: This study was conducted between January 2011 to June 2011, in Department of Pharmacology and Ophthalmology, SGRRIM and HS, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. A total number of 255 prescriptions were randomly collected from the Ophthalmology OPD and were analyzed for various parameters using national essential medicine list 2011 and World Health Organization drug use indicators.Results: A total number of255 prescriptions were evaluated for prescribing pattern, 153 (60%) patients were between 16 and 45 years of age, the male: female ratio was 1.13:1. 237 (93%) patients from middle socioeconomic status. Diseases pattern observed were conjunctivitis 102 (40%), refractive error 45 (17.64%), stye 12 (4.7%), cataract 9 (3.52%), and miscellaneous 87 (34.12%). One hundred and thirty-eight (54.11%) patients received antimicrobial agents, fluoroquinolone (ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, etc.) were the most frequently prescribed antimicrobial drugs, analgesics (diclofenac and ketorolac) were prescribed to 45 (17.64%) patients, 54 (21.17%) received steroids (dexamethasone and prednisolone), 96 (37.64%) patients received other drugs (carboxymethylcellulose [CMC], multi-vitamins, zinc preparations, acyclovir, and anti-allergics). Fixed dose combinations (FDCs) were used in 90 (35.29%) patients, the most common combination was antimicrobials with steroids. All the drugs were prescribed by brand names and 1.9 drug/prescription was used.Conclusion: Topical antimicrobial agents are the most commonly used drugs in ophthalmic OPD in our setup; the most common FDCs prescribed were antimicrobials with steroids, the other commonly used drugs were analgesics, CMC and anti-allergic drugs