11 research outputs found
Demonstration of chondroitin sulfates degrading endo-β-glucuronidase activity in rabbit liver
AbstractReduced chondroitin sulfate was incubated with rabbit liver extracts followed by reduction once more with sodium [3H]borohydride, and then passed through a Sephadex G-100 column. Chondroitin sulfate obtained from the incubation medium at pH 4 was only slightly depolymerized and was highly radioactive. Paper Chromatographic analyses showed that glucuronic acid residues became exposed at the reducing terminal of chondroitin sulfate after incubation with the liver extracts. These results suggest that endo-β-glucuronidase activity which degrades chondroitin sulfate is present in the rabbit liver
Magnifying Endoscopy with Blue Laser Imaging Improves the Microstructure Visualization in Early Gastric Cancer: Comparison of Magnifying Endoscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging
Backgrounds. Magnifying endoscopy with blue laser imaging (ME-BLI) for diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) is as effective as magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI). However, there are different EGCs in microstructure visualization between ME-BLI and ME-NBI. This study aimed to clarify the pathological features of the EGCs, in which microstructure visualization was different between ME-NBI and ME-BLI. Methods. EGCs were classified into groups A (irregular microsurface pattern (MSP) in ME-BLI and absent MSP in ME-NBI), B (irregular MSP in two modalities), or C (absent MSP in two modalities), according to the vessel plus surface classification. We compared the pathological features of EGCs between the three groups. Results. 17, four, and five lesions could be evaluated in detail in groups A, B and C, respectively. Well-differentiated adenocarcinomas with shallow crypts were more frequent in group A than in group B (58.8 and 0%, resp.). The mean crypt depth of group A was significantly shallower than that of group B (56 ± 20, 265 ± 64 μm, resp., P=0.0002). Conclusions. ME-BLI could better visualize the microstructures of the EGCs with shallow crypts compared with ME-NBI. Therefore, ME-BLI could enable a more accurate diagnosis of EGC with shallow crypts
HOMO Energy Gap Dependence of Hole-Transfer Kinetics in DNA
DNA consists of two type of base-pairs, G-C and A-T,
in which the
highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) localizes on the purine
bases G and A. While the hole transfer through consecutive Gs or As
occurs faster than 10<sup>9</sup> s<sup>–1</sup>, a significant
drop in the hole transfer rate was observed for G-C and A-T mixed
random sequences. In this study, by using various natural and artificial
nucleobases having different HOMO levels, the effect of the HOMO-energy
gap between bases (Δ<sub>HOMO</sub>) on the hole-transfer kinetics
in DNA was investigated. The results demonstrated that the hole transfer
rate can be increased by decreasing the Δ<sub>HOMO</sub> and
can be finely tuned over 3 orders of magnitude by varying the Δ<sub>HOMO</sub>