Quantum Coherence and Path-Distinguishability of Two Entangled Particles

An interference experiment with entangled particles is theoretically analyzed, where one of the entangled pair (particle 1) goes through a multi-slit before being detected at a fixed detector. In addition, one introduces a mechanism for finding out which of the n slits did particle 1 go through. The other particle of the entangled pair (particle 2) goes in a different direction, and is detected at a variable, spatially separated location. In coincident counting, particle 2 shows n-slit interference. It is shown that the normalized quantum coherence of particle 2, $\mathcal{C}_2$, and the path-distinguishability of particle 1, $\mathcal{D}_{Q1}$, are bounded by an inequality $\mathcal{D}_{Q1} + \mathcal{C}_2 \le 1$. This is a kind of {\em nonlocal} duality relation, which connects the path distinguishability of one particle to the quantum coherence of the other.Comment: Published versio

Penerapan Kode Etik Jurnalistik Portal Fajar.Co.id dalam Pemberitaan COVID-19

This research is entitled the implementation of the Journalistic Code of Ethics (KEJ) on the Fajar.co.id portal in reporting on COVID-19. By using descriptive qualitative research type. Data collection methods are observation, interviews, and documentation. Interviews and documentation were conducted with Fajar.co.id editors, Fajar.co.id reporters Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that Fajar.co.id journalists in reporting on Covid-19 are appropriate and apply a journalistic code of ethics. This is evidenced by the writing of the identity of the victim of the Covid-19 virus which was published with the permission of the patient himself. The researcher concludes that the implementation of the Journalistic Code of Ethics has objectively been carried out as it should be for Fajar.co.id media journalists, even though it is not optimal, but basically journalists are required to always carry out the demands of the Journalistic Code of Ethics, especially Article 2. This is evidenced by an attitude that has fulfilled the elements -Elements of the Journalistic Code of Ethics especially those contained in article 2. The Fajar.co.id leadership should also conduct periodic evaluations of journalists deployed in the regions. This is done to strengthen the journalists of the Fajar.co.id portal in carrying out the journalistic profession based on the applicable journalistic code of ethic

ANALISIS KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK PASCA PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA TERBATAS (PTMT) PADA KELAS 3 SDN 2 GADINGKEMBAR

The enthusiasm of 3rd-grade students at SD Negeri 2 Gadingkembar is hindered by a lack of motivation and self-involvement. Some students exhibit low enthusiasm due to a diminished interest in the materials or activities. Student disempowerment affects participation and concentration, while self-isolation contributes to the decline in enthusiasm. Limited group interaction and students' reluctance to ask questions create challenges. Shame, fear of negative evaluation, and lack of self-confidence become obstacles. This qualitative descriptive study adopts a post-positivist approach with a descriptive model to elucidate the learning activeness of 3rd-grade students at SD Negeri 2 Gadingkembar post-Limited Face-to-Face Learning. Conducted on October 23, 2023, the research involves 3rd-grade students as subjects, employing triangulation through observation, interviews, and documentation. The process concludes when saturation is reached, depicting the students' real conditions and emphasizing the relevance and complexity of learning in real-life situations. Based on the research at SD Negeri 2 Gadingkembar, it is evident that the less conducive class condition leads to decreased student concentration and, consequently, diminished learning activeness. The data illustrates that students' poor habits can impede enthusiasm, emphasizing how the development of individual habits and behavior patterns can impact learning motivation. Furthermore, the roles of parents, the surrounding environment, and peers underscore the importance of social support and the creation of a positive environment as key elements in enhancing student motivation for learning

The Use of Jeopardy Method in the Teaching of Writing Descriptive Text to the Eight Grade Students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darul Istiqamah Makassar

The data were collected through writing test in pre-test and post-test. The result of the data indicated that there was a significant difference between students’ post-test in experimental class and control class. The research discovers that the writing ability of the second grade students of MTs Darul Istiqamah Makassar improved by using Jeopardy Method by the increase of mean score of experimental class that is 40 in the pre-test and 82 in the post-test. The result of the t-test also shown that the use of Jeopardy Method in teaching writing especially in descriptive text was effective in improving the students’ writing skill in descriptive text because the t-test, 4,34, was higher than t-table, 2.024 (4,34 2.024). Based on the finding and discussion of the research, the researcher suggested that Jeopardy Method in teaching was able to use in teaching writing and the researcher concluded that the use of Jeopardy Method was effective and interesting strategy in teaching writing especially in teaching descriptive text

Applying Classroom Design Concept to Increase The Students’ Interest in Learning English

Classroom design is one of the important components in the learning process in the school which demands high innovation and creativity during the class. On the other hand, the teacher as a supervisor in the classroom should pay more attention to the influenced factors of the students’ interest. One of the influenced factors comes from classroom design or environment. In this case, the researcher found that the teachers in SMA Negeri 7 Pinrang have been improving their teaching methods but they do not concern the classroom design. The objective of this research is to know whether the classroom design influences the students’ interest or not in English learning activity of SMA Negeri 7 Pinrang. In doing this research, the researcher held intensive meeting related to designing the classroom to raise the students’ interest in learning English and giving a questionnaire to the students to know their response. The result of this research showed there was a positive and significant influence of classroom design to the students’ interest

An upper limit on the charge of Sgr A* black hole from EHT observations

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), recently released the image of supermassive black hole Sgr A* showing an angular shadow diameter $d_{sh}= 48.7 \pm 7\,\mu$as and Schwarzschild shadow deviation $\delta = -0.08^{+0.09}_{-0.09}~\text{(VLTI)},-0.04^{+0.09}_{-0.10}~\text{(Keck)}$ using black hole mass $M = 4.0^{+1.1}_{-0.6} \times 10^6 M_\odot$. The EHT image of Sgr A* is consistent with a Kerr black hole's expected appearance and the results directly prove the existence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Here, we use the EHT observational results of Sgr A* to investigate the constraints on its charge with the aid of Kerr-like black holes, paying attention to three leading rotating models viz., Kerr-Newman, Horndeski and hairy black holes. Modelling supermassive black hole Sgr A* as these Kerr-like black holes, we observe that the EHT results of Sgr A* place more strict upper limits on the parameter space of Kerr-Newman and Horndeski black holes than those placed by the EHT results of M87*. A systematic bias analysis reveals that, observational results of future EHT experiments place more precise limits on the charge of Sgr A* black hole. Thus, the Kerr-like black holes and Kerr black holes are indiscernible in substantial region of the EHT constrained parameter space; the claim is substantiated by our bias analysis.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa

Presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetics and response to anti-tuberculosis therapy

Background: Diabetes and Tuberculosis are known to be mutually affective. In high tuberculosis and Diabetes burden country like ours, it is essential that we understand all the aspects concerning both these diseases individually and in mutual coexistence, in order to improve the management of this unhealthy partnership.Methods: This is a prospective hospital based observational study, in which 100 patients with coexisting Diabetes and new sputum confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis with no other comorbidities were included. Detailed history, examination and appropriate investigations were done evaluating the clinical and radiological presentation and treatment response in terms of sputum conversion at follow up visits.Results: Predominant symptoms were anorexia, fever and cough with sputum, majority with duration of more than 4 weeks. About half of them had diabetes duration of less than 1 year, most being newly diagnosed. All cases had upper lobe involvement; two thirds of them had lower lung field and multiple lobe involvement. Confluent consolidation, cavitary lesions and fluffy infiltrates were common. 27 of the 100 cases had a delayed sputum conversion. Longer duration of diabetes, maintenance on oral hypoglycaemic drugs alone and uncontrolled diabetes had delayed sputum conversion.Conclusions: Presenting symptoms of tuberculosis in diabetics is more or less similar to that in non-diabetics. Atypical radiological presentation with lower lung field involvement and confluent consolidation mimicking pneumonia is common. Delay in sputum conversion is common in dual disease and is increased with increasing DM duration and poor glycemic control. Better results may be obtained with insulin therapy

Hubungan pelaksanaan menghafal alquran dengan indeks prestasi belajar mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan

Permasalahan yang muncul dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana pelaksanaan menghafal Alquran mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan ? (2) Bagaimana hubungan pelaksanaan menghafal Alquran dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan? (3) Bagaimana prestasi belajar mahasiswa yang hafal Alquran di STAIN Padangsidimpuan ? Penulisan skripsi ini bertujuan: (1) Untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan menghafal Alquran mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan. (2) Untuk mengetahui prestasi belajar mahasiswa yang menghafal Alquran di STAIN Padangsidimpuan. (3) Untuk mengetahui hubungan pelaksanaan menghafal Alquran dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang diajukan tersebut, maka hipotesis yang muncul adalah Ha: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pelaksanaan menghafal Alquran dengan indeks prestasi belajar mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan Berdasarkan analisis data maka penelitian ini digolongkan kepada penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini seluruh mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan yang menghafal Alquran antara 5-30 juz yang berjumlah 20 Orang. Alat pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini adalah angket dan analisis data menggunakan rumus Korelasional Product Moment. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan dengan menggunakan rumus korelasi product moment terdapat hubungan pelaksanaan menghafal Alquran dengan indeks prestasi belajar mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpuan dengan diketahui nilai rxy sebesar 0,5736 dan nilai rtabel dengan taraf signifikan 5 % adalah 0,444 dan pada taraf signifikan 1 % adalah 0,561. Nilai rxy 0,5736 lebih besar (>) dari rtabel pada taraf signifikan 5% (0,444) dan pada taraf signifikan 1% (0,561). Selanjutnya untuk mengetahui kesignifikanan dilakukan uji t dengan hasil thitung 2.9712 lebih besar (>) dari ttabel pada taraf signifikan 0,05 (1.725) dan pada taraf signifikan 0,01(2.528) , maka hipotesis diterima artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pelaksanaan menghafal Alquran dengan indeks prestasi belajar mahasiswa STAIN Padangsidimpua

An unusual cause of hemoptysis due to leaking subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to trauma

Pseudoneurysms of the subclavian artery after blunting thoracic trauma presenting with a complication of hemoptysis are rare, most of which occur early, within days of trauma and represent a challenging surgical problem. Only a few scattered case reports are found in the literature. Here, we present the case of a 36-year-old male, with a history of blunt injury to the chest with right clavicular fracture, a few years back, who presented with cough, hemoptysis and shortness of breath of five days duration. On complete evaluation it was found that these complaints were due to a sub clavian artery pseudo aneurysm in the proximal part, which is compressing on the right upper lobe bronchus and blood leaking into the parenchyma and airways producing the symptoms. He was managed conservatively and stabilized. Later aneurysm resection and anastomosis was done electively. The patient is now asymptomatic and healthy

Active antimicrobial substances of cherry leaf extracts (Muntingia calabura L.) against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) based on GC-MS analysis

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the bacteria that triggers nosocomial diseases. Bacterial resistance requires continuous exploration of active antimicrobial substances from various sources, including medicinal plants. Leaves of cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) reportedly contain three classes of compounds, namely, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. This research was designed to identify active antimicrobial substances in cherry leaves that could inhibit the growth of MRSA. It employed the Kirby-Bauer test to examine the antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts of Muntingia calabura L. (EMC) against MRSA. Through GC-MS, active substances were detected from the presence of active spots on TLC plates, as determined by direct-contact bioautography. The TLC used silica gel F254 as the stationary phase and chloroform:ethyl acetate (9:1) as the mobile phase. The antimicrobial activity test results showed that the zone of inhibition of 10% w/v EMC was 10.91±0.75 mm in diameter. At 5% w/v and 2.5% w/v, EMC created zones of inhibition with diameters of 8.5±0.25 mm and 7.25±0.25 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, at 1.25% w/v, it showed no inhibitory activities. Based on the TLC-Bioautography profile, the active spot that produced zones of inhibition was located at Rf 0.04 mm. The GC-MS analysis of this spot detected the presence of two compounds: the first compound had a similarity index of 35% with 3,11,13-triacetycynaratriol, and the second one had a similarity index of 80% with hexaborane-12. Cynaratriol is known to posses antimicrobial activity, whereas hexaborane is the opposite. In conclusion, the minimum inhibitory concentration of EMC for MRSA is 2.5% w/v. Also, the active compounds of EMC bear 35% similarities to 3,11,13-triacetycynaratriol