14 research outputs found

    Srčano-plućne interakcije s posljedičnim plućnim abnormalnostima u bolesnika s kroničnim srčanim zatajenjem

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    Chronic heart failure places heavy burden on patients, their families and on health care resources, accounting for high numbers of hospital admissions. Despite huge improvements in the treatment of many heart disorders, the clinical syndrome of chronic heart failure as a fi nal pathway of heart pathology is an exception, in that its prevalence is rising, and only small prolongations in survival are occurring. It is associated with high morbidity and poor prognosis, and a survival rate worse than that for some malignant tumors. Th e reasons for the increasing overall prevalence of chronic heart failure in developed countries lie in prolonged survival owing to modern pharmacological or invasive treatment, better secondary prevention, and aging of the population. Chronic pulmonary disease is common in patients with chronic heart failure. Th rough sharing some risk factors and overlapping pathophysiological processes, they present diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Th e aim of this article is to review various mechanisms responsible for the symptoms of chronic heart failure with consecutive pulmonary interaction and abnormalities in lung function.Kronično srčano zatajenje značajno opterećuje bolesnika i njegovu obitelj kao i zdravstveni sustav u cjelini budući da je odgovorno za velik broj hospitalizacija. Unatoč golemim naporima u liječenju većine srčanih poremećaja iznimka ostaje klinički sindrom kroničnog srčanog zatajenja učestalost kojega raste s neznatnim uspjehom produženja ukupnog preživljenja bolesnika. Kronično srčano zatajenje je povezano s visokom stopom pobola te nepovoljnom prognozom, čak loÅ”ijom uspoređujući sa stopom preživljenja za neke vrste zloćudnih tumora. Razlog porasta učestalosti kroničnog srčanog zatajenja u razvijenim zemljama je produljenje ljudskog vijeka zahvaljujući mjerama suvremenog farmakoloÅ”kog i intenzivnog liječenja, boljoj sekundarnoj profi laksi i starenju populacije. Kronična plućna bolest je česta pojava u bolesnika s kroničnim srčanim zatajenjem. Oba stanja predstavljaju dijagnostički i terapijski izazov budući da dijele pojedine zajedničke čimbenike rizika i patofi zioloÅ”ke mehanizme nastanka. Cilj ovoga rada je ispitati različite mehanizme odgovorne za simptome kroničnog srčanog zatajenja s posljedičnim plućnim interakcijama i abnormalnostima plućne funkcije

    Functional-nodal method of the development of strategic spatial planning documentation

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    Nova generacija dokumenata prostornog uređenja zahtijeva prilagodbu novim gospodarskim i inim razvojnim planovima ali i novim parametrima razvoja suvremenog druÅ”tva. U cilju osiguranja kvalitetnih prostorno-planskih pretpostavki gospodarskog i opće druÅ”tvenog razvoja nužno je odrediti optimalnu metodu izrade dokumenata prostornog uređenja regionalne razine. Provedeno istraživanje je obuhvatilo analizu mogućih modela izrade strateÅ”kih dokumenata prostornog uređenja, analizu metoda izrade prostornih planova županija te na osnovi usporedbe uspjeÅ”nosti pojedinih planova utvrđivanje optimalne metode njihove izrade. IzvrÅ”eno je za potrebe određivanja metode izrade, novog, Prostornog plana Primorsko-goranske županije.A new generation of physical planning documentation requires adaptation to new economic and many other development plans as well as to new parameters in the development of modern society. In order to ensure quality spatial planning prerequisites for the economic and social development, it is necessary to determine the optimal method of the development of physical planning documents at regional levels. The study included the analysis of possible models of strategic physical planning documentation development; the analysis of the methods of spatial plans development of the counties; and, based on the performance comparison of individual plans, determining the optimal method of their development. This was done for the purpose of determining the methods of developing the new Spatial Plan of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County

    INFLUENCE OF SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY ON EARLY AND LATE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD

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    Otprilike trećina žena reproduktivne dobi puÅ”i. Cigaretni dim sadrži sastojke Å”tetne po zdravlje nerođenog djeteta, ali i za njegovo kasnije zdravlje tijekom života. Novorođenčad majki koje puÅ”e manje su porodne težine, a često su i prijevremeno rođena. PuÅ”enje tijekom trudnoće gotovo 2 puta povećava rizik od rođenja djeteta niske porodne težine, Å”to je povezano s povećanim morbiditetom i mortalitetom u perinatalnom razdoblju te dječjoj dobi. Dojenčad majki koje puÅ”e tijekom trudnoće imaju dva do pet puta veći rizik od sindroma nagle dojenačke smrti. PuÅ”enje tijekom trudnoće također utječe na kasniji fizički i intelektualni razvoj djeteta. Cigaretni dim oÅ”tećuje pluća nerođenog djeteta u ključnom stadiju razvoja, Å”to može dovesti do smanjenog kapaciteta pluća, čeŔće pojavnosti respiratornih infekcija, astme te emfizema Ā¬kasnije u životu. PuÅ”enje može doprinijeti nastanku određenih prirođenih malformacija. Trudnice treba upozoriti da puÅ”enje izlaže njihovo dijete riziku, a napor za sprječavanje spomenutih komplikacija potrebno je usmjeriti na prevenciju uživanja nikotinskih proizvoda u djevojaka i žena generativne dobi.Among women of reproductive age approximately one-third smokes. Cigarette smoke contains substances harmful for the unborn baby and for the future health of the child. Babies whose mothers smoke are often smaller and Ā¬premature. Smoking increases the risk of low birth weight almost twice, which increases the risk for perinatal and infant morbidity and mortality. Babies whose mothers smoked during pregnancy are 2ā€“5 times more likely to die from sudden infant death syndrome. Smoking in pregnancy also has implications for the long-term physical growth and intellectual Ā¬development. Cigarette smoke damages the unborn babiesā€™ lungs at crucial points of development, leading potentially to reduced lung capacity, respiratory infections, asthma and lung emphysema later in life. Smoking may contribute to Ā¬certain birth defects. Pregnant women should be advised that smoking endangers their child and efforts to reduce the above-mentioned complications should be focused on preventing nicotine addiction among girls and women in reproductive age

    Continuous remote monitoring of COPD patientsā€”justification and explanation of the requirements and a survey of the available technologies

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    Remote patient monitoring should reduce mortality rates, improve care, and reduce costs. We present an overview of the available technologies for the remote monitoring of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, together with the most important medical information regarding COPD in a language that is adapted for engineers. Our aim is to bridge the gap between the technical and medical worlds and to facilitate and motivate future research in the field. We also present a justification, motivation, and explanation of how to monitor the most important parameters for COPD patients, together with pointers for the challenges that remain. Additionally, we propose and justify the importance of electrocardiograms (ECGs) and the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) as two crucial physiological parameters that have not been used so far to any great extent in the monitoring of COPD patients. We cover four possibilities for the remote monitoring of COPD patients: continuous monitoring during normal daily activities for the prediction and early detection of exacerbations and life-threatening events, monitoring during the home treatment of mild exacerbations, monitoring oxygen therapy applications, and monitoring exercise. We also present and discuss the current approaches to decision support at remote locations and list the normal and pathological values/ranges for all the relevant physiological parameters. The paper concludes with our insights into the future developments and remaining challenges for improvements to continuous remote monitoring systems

    Cardiopulmonary Interactions with Consecutive Pulmonary Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

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    Chronic heart failure places heavy burden on patients, their families and on health care resources, accounting for high numbers of hospital admissions. Despite huge improvements in the treatment of many heart disorders, the clinical syndrome of chronic heart failure as a fi nal pathway of heart pathology is an exception, in that its prevalence is rising, and only small prolongations in survival are occurring. It is associated with high morbidity and poor prognosis, and a survival rate worse than that for some malignant tumors. Th e reasons for the increasing overall prevalence of chronic heart failure in developed countries lie in prolonged survival owing to modern pharmacological or invasive treatment, better secondary prevention, and aging of the population. Chronic pulmonary disease is common in patients with chronic heart failure. Th rough sharing some risk factors and overlapping pathophysiological processes, they present diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Th e aim of this article is to review various mechanisms responsible for the symptoms of chronic heart failure with consecutive pulmonary interaction and abnormalities in lung function
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