Proizvodnja goveđeg mesa obogaćenog organski vezanim selenom

In this study, the effects of the organic and inorganic form of selenium, in the diet for finishing beef cattle, were investigated. Sell-Plex produced by American firm Alltech as a source of organic selenium with selenium concentration of 2000 mg/kg was used. The source of inorganic selenium was sodium selenite. The trial was conducted on Simmental fattening cattle in the final stage in the free housing system and it lasted 60 days. Selenium content in control and trial group (m. longissimus dorsi) was 78.65 and 125.03 μg/kg (P (lt) 0.01), in kidneys 855.52 and 1026.04 μg/kg(P (lt) 0.001); in liver 453.13 and 534.64 μg/ kg(P (lt) 0.01) and in spleen 308.44 and 383.62 μg/kg (P (lt) 0.001), respectively. There were no differences in main carcass characteristics, share of some tissues in the round and three rib chops, chemical composition and meat quality of m. longissimus dorsi (P>0.05).Considering the higher storage of organic selenium in meat and internal organs of the fattening cattle with respect to the inorganic form, it was concluded that the selenium supply in organic form has a better bioavailability. Inclusion of organic selenium into the diet in the final stage of fattening cattle and its deposition in meat and internal organs is a good and easy way to get meat with functional foods properties that in addition to nutritional value should positively affect human health.U radu su ispitani efekti organskog i neorganskog selena u obrocima junadi u tovu. Kao ozvor organskog selena korišćen je preparat Sell-Plex u kome je koncentracija selena iznosila 2000 mg/kg a izvor neorganskog selena bio je natrijumselenit. Ogled je izveden na Simentalskoj rasi goveda u završnoj fazi tova u slobodnom sistemu držanja i trajao je 60 dana. Sadržaj selena u m. longissimus dorsi, jetri, slezini i bubrezima bio je značajno viši na ishranbenom tretmanu sa organskim selenom u odnosu na neorganski, što ukazuje na njegovu bolju bioiskoristivost. Urađena je disekcija polutke prema zvanično važećoj skali za klasifikaciju trupova odraslih goveda propisanoj od strane evropske zajednice. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da nije bilo razlike između tretmana sa organskim i neorganskim selenom u telesnoj masi grla pre klanja kao i glavnim karakteristikama polutke. Takođe, nije bilo razlike u udelu pojedinih tkiva u butu i trorebarnom isečku kao i ni u hemijskom sastavu i kvalitetu mesa u m. longissimus dorsi. Imajući u vidu da je selen esencijalan mikroelement u ishrani a da organski vezan selen ima bolju bioiskoristivost u odnosu na neorganski, njegovo uključivanje u obroke goveda i deponovanje u mesu i unutrašnjim organima je dobar i jednostavan način za dobijanje mesa sa svojstvima funkcionalne hrane koja treba da pored nutritivne vrednosti pozitivno utiče na zdravlje ljudi. Pošto su pojedini delovi planete Zemlje slabo opskrbljeni sa selenom ovo je najjednostavniji način da se reši problem njegovog deficita

Efekat dodavanja selena u hranu na kvalitet mesa

The health of farm animals depends on many factors and they all indicate that food plays an important role in preserving health, improving reproductive and productive characteristics and functioning of immune system. Besides numerous nutritional factors, antioxidants play a special role in the struggle for survival and good health state. An oxidative stress represents a condition induced by generating and reacting of reactive-oxygen species (ROS), and their toxic products, on different metabolic and physiological processes. The generating of ROS is induced by both endogenous and exogenous factors. In the case of the organism inability to expel the causative agents of oxidative stress they can damage cell lipids, proteins or DNA thus endangering the cell functions. Lipid peroxidation is a process which can lead to degradation of lipids and damage of cell membrane. Selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase can protect organism from peroxidative damages, decrease the level of malondialdehyde protecting in this way a muscular tissue from oxidation. Recent research has shown that selenium has an effect of preserving sensory characteristics of meat and its texture, what is of great importance for consumers. Animal tissue incorporates supplemented selenium quickly thus it is possible to produce a selenium enriched meat and eggs. Selenium also shows positive effects on meat quality: it reduces water loss, influence the stability of colour, prolongs oxidative protection, and therefore the time of its shelf life.Zdravlje životinja zavisi od brojnih faktora, a sve ukazuje da hrana ima važnu ulogu u očuvanju zdravlja, poboljšanju reproduktivnih i proizvodnih karakteristika i funkcionisanju imunskog sistema. Pored brojnih hranidbenih faktora, antioksidansi imaju posebnu ulogu u borbi za opstanak i dobro zdravstveno stanje. Oksidativni stres je stanje izazvano stvaranjem i reagovanjem reaktiv-oksigen vrsta (ROS) i njihovih toksičnih produkata na različite metaboličke i fiziološke procese. Stvaranje ROS izazivaju endogeni i egzogeni faktori. Ukoliko organizam nije u stanju da otkloni uzročnike oksidativnog stresa oni mogu da oštete ćelijske lipide, proteine ili DNA, a time da ugroze funkcije ćelija. Lipidna peroksidacija je proces koji dovodi do degradacije lipida i oštećenja ćelijske membrane. Selenoenzim glutation peroksidaza štiti organizam od peroksidativnih oštećenja, smanjuje nivo malondialdehida i na taj način štiti mišićna tkiva od oksidacije. Izučavanja poslednjih godina ukazuju da selen utiče na očuvanje senzornih karakteristika mesa i njegove teksture, što je od velikog značaja za konzumente. Životinjsko tkivo brzo inkorporira dodati selen i tako je moguće proizvesti selenom obogaćeno meso i jaja. Selen ispoljava pozitivne efekte i na kvalitet mesa: redukuje gubitak tečnosti, utiče na postojanost boje, produžava oksidativnu zaštitu, a time i vreme njegove upotrebe

In vitro culture as a tool for improvement of cabbage cultivars in Yugoslavia

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is one of the most common vegetables in Yugoslavia. Our breeding programs on Brassicas are developed with the aim to create genetically pure lines which could be used for creation of various hybrids and new cultivars. Since there are barriers which prevent fast realization of these goals, we have introduced in vitro culture techniques in our breeding programs. Thus we investigated possibilities of using micropropagation, anther culture, in vitro selection and genetic engineering methods as tools to improve our Brassicas and create new perspective genotypes suitable for uses in conventional breeding methods. So far we have clonned a number of perspective Brassica genotypes and identified the most appropriate medium for their growth and multiplication. We present here our efforts to overcome incompatibility barriers by attempting to create double-haploid genotypes of cabbage through anther culture. Identifying possible tolerance of our domestic populations to herbicide by in vitro selection is also one of our goals. We have also created our first transformed Brassicas, performing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. In this paper we have presented our research in these areas

Results of the project 'Workshops for improvement the practical skills of people with intellectual disabilities'

IV International Scientific Conference Special Education and Rehabilitation - Early Interventio

Samozastupanje osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću – teorijski okvir

IV stručno-naučni skup sa međunarodnim učešćem Aktuelnosti u edukaciji i rehabilitaciji osoba sa smetnjama u razvoju

Razvoj veština samozastupanja osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću – preliminarno saopštenje

IV stručno-naučni skup sa međunarodnim učešćem Aktuelnosti u edukaciji i rehabilitaciji osoba sa smetnjama u razvoj

Transformations of Brassicaceae family

Kupusnjače (Brassicaceae) su ekonomski veoma značajna familija biljaka. U poslednjih trideset godina jako mnogo se radi na poboljšavanju karakteristika vrsta roda Brassica. Medu novijim metodama koje se koriste u oplemenjivačke svrhe na kupusima jesu i tehnike genetičkog inženjerstva. Cilj ovog rada bio je da razmotri transformacije kupusnjača, prikaže preliminarne rezultate dobijem u našoj laboratoriji, gde je izvršena inokulacija nekoliko genotipova roda Brassica. Korišćenje soj A. tumefaciens koji nosi bar gen za rezistenciju na herbicid Basta. kao i gen za rezistenciju na kanamicin (nptII) i reporter gen za-glukuronidazu (GUS). U radu je dat i osvrt na svrsishodnost transformacija Brassicacea, kao i na eventualne rizike koje korišćenje transgenih kupusa nosi.Brassicaceae are economically very important crop family. Improvement of its characteristics is in focus for the last thirty years very much. One of the methods of biotechnology used in Brassica genus is genetic transfor­mation. In this paper we have discussed transformations of Brassica genus, comparing it with the results that we achieved in our laboratory. We have performed inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefacien, with the construct containing resistance to herbicide Basta (bar), marker genes for Kanamycin resistance (npt II) and reporter gene-glucuronidase. We have also discussed risks of transgenic crop use and seed development