Physiological development of red anthurium (Anthurium andreanum Linden) var. Tropical in three in vitro culture systems

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the physiological development of Anthurium andreanum L. var. Tropical red color in three in vitro culture systems: semi-solid, partial immersion and RITA® bioreactor Design / methodology / approach: A completely randomized design was used with three treatments: semi-solid medium, partial immersion and RITA® bioreactor, with four repetitions each. Vitroplants of anthurium were selected with a size of 0.5 cm from the stem to the highest leaf, with three leaves each specimen. After 60 days of sowing, morphometric analyzes, chlorophyll content and hormone content were carried out. An analysis of variance and comparison tests of means were performed on the data obtained by Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey, respectively, using the statistical software R-STUDIO. Results: The highest shoot rate and root length was obtained in partial immersion; however, the number of leaves, shoots and root multiplication did not show differences with the RITA® bioreactors. The highest concentration of chlorophyll and indole acetic acid was observed when using RITA® bioreactors. Study limitations / implications: The results are favorable for the in vitro production of anthurium, however for commercial production the use of RITA® bioreactors is a high cost in the initial investment. Findings / conclusions: with the results obtained, it is considered that the RITA bioreactors obtained the best results for the production of anthurium, followed by the partial immersion system. Due to the liquid medium and better gas exchange, which favors the development of plants Keywords: Anthurium andreanum L.; chlorophyll; phytohormones; immersion systemsObjective: To evaluate the physiological development of red Anthurium andreanum L. var. Tropical in three in vitro culture systems: semi-solid, partial immersion and RITA® bioreactor. Design / methodology / approach: A completely randomized design with three treatments, semi-solid medium, partial immersion and RITA® bioreactor, and four repetitions each was used. Vitroplants of anthurium were selected with a size of 0.5 cm from the stem to the highest leaf, with three leaves in each specimen. Morphometric, chlorophyll content and hormone content analyses were carried out after 60 days of sowing. Analysis of variance and means comparison tests were performed on the data obtained through Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey, respectively, using the statistical software R-STUDIO. Results: The highest shoot rate and root length were obtained in partial immersion; however, the number of leaves, shoots and root multiplication did not show differences with the RITA® bioreactors. The highest concentration of chlorophylls and indole acetic acid was observed when using RITA® bioreactors. Study limitations / implications: The results are favorable for the in vitro production of anthurium, although the use of RITA® bioreactors for commercial production is a high cost in the initial investment. Findings / conclusions: With the results obtained, it is considered that the RITA® bioreactors obtained the best results for the production of anthurium, followed by the partial immersion system. This is due to the liquid medium and better gas exchange, which favors the development of plant

Evaluation of antimicrobial and antifungal activity of hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and ex vitro seedlings of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis

Objective: To assess the antibacterial and antifungal activity of hydroethanolic extracts of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis against model bacteria and fungi of agricultural importance. Design/Methodology/Approach: In vitro plants of D. muscipula were propagated and acclimatized for three months. The antibacterial activity of the hydroethanolic extracts against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus and the antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Pseudocercospora fijiensis were evaluated. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare the means obtained with a Tukey test (p?0.05). Results: The hydroethanolic extracts of D. muscipula in vitro and acclimatized showed a bacteriostatic activity against the bacteria E. coli (65.20 and 69.78% inhibition) and B. cereus (91.75 and 92.61% inhibition) and an antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis of 7.56 and 14.21% of inhibition, respectively. Study Limitations/Implications: The hydroethanolic extracts of D. muscipula in vitro and acclimatized did not show antifungal activity against A. niger and F. oxysporum. Findings/Conclusions: The hydroethanolic extracts of D. muscipula in vitro and acclimatized showed a bacteriostatic activity against the bacteria E. coli and B. cereus and antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis.Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of hydroethanolic extracts of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis against bacteria models and fungi of agricultural importance. Design/Methodology/Approach: In vitro plants of D. muscipula were propagated and acclimatized for three months. The antibacterial activity of the hydroethanolic extracts against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus was evaluated, and the antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Pseudocercospora fijiensis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to compare the means obtained with Tukey’s test (p≤0.05). Results: The hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and acclimatized D. muscipula presented bacteriostatic activity against the bacteria E. coli (65.20 and 69.78 % of inhibition) and B. cereus (91.75 and 92.61 % of inhibition), and antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis of 7.56 and 14.21 % of inhibition, respectively. Study Limitations/Implications: The hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and acclimatized D. muscipula did not show antifungal activity against A. niger and F. oxysporum. Findings/Conclusions: The hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and acclimatized D. muscipula presented bacteriostatic activity against bacteria E. coli and B. cereus and antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis