Epidemiological profile of 175 patients with Crohn's disease submitted to biological therapy

INTRODUCTION: There is currently an increasing use of biological agents in the management of Crohn's disease (CD). There is lack of data regarding the epidemiological profile of patients on infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA) for CD in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To identify the epidemiological characteristics of patients with CD who underwent biological therapy. METHOD: Retrospective multicenter study, with CD patients on biological therapy. Analyzed variables: gender, age at treatment initiation, Montreal classification, concomitant perianal disease and smoking status. RESULTS: 175 patients without previous exposure to biological agents were included, 93 (53%) were male. The mean age at treatment initiation was 35.5 (2-79) years old an the mean disease duration was 46.9 (0-480) months. Overall, 117 (66.9%) patients used IFX and 58 (33.1%), ADA. Montreal classification: age at diagnosis ― A1 (n=21; 12%), A2 (n=102; 58.3%), and A3 (n=52; 29.7%). CD location ― L1 (n=42; 24%), L2 (n=51; 29.1%), L3 (n=81; 46.3%), and L4 (n=1, 0.6%). Phenotype ―B1 (n=59; 33.7%), B2 (n=46; 26.3%), and B3 (n=70; 40%). Perianal disease was found in 89 (50.9%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological profile of patients was similar to the literature. There was a high prevalence of patients with fistulizing CD.INTRODUÇÃO: Atualmente há uso crescente dos agentes biológicos no manejo da doença de Crohn (DC). Há escassez de dados referentes ao perfil epidemiológico dos usuários de infliximabe (IFX) e adalimumabe (ADA) para DC no Brasil. OBJETIVO: Identificar as características epidemiológicas dos pacientes com DC submetidos à terapia biológica. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo, multicêntrico, com portadores de DC que utilizaram terapia biológica. Variáveis analisadas: gênero, idade ao início do tratamento, classificação de Montreal, doença perianal concomitante e tabagismo. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 175 pacientes, sem exposição prévia a biológicos, sendo 93 (53%) homens. A média de idade no início do tratamento biológico foi de 35,5 (2-79) anos. O tempo médio de doença ao início do tratamento foi de 46,9 (0-480) meses. Do total da amostra, 117 (66,9%) utilizaram IFX e 58 (33,1%) ADA. Classificação de Montreal: idade ao diagnóstico ― A1 (n=21; 12%), A2 (n=102; 58,3%) e A3 (n=52; 29,7%). Localização da DC ― L1 (n=42; 24%), L2 (n=51; 29,1%), L3 (n=81; 46,3%) e L4 (n=1; 0,6%). Forma de apresentação ― B1 (n=59; 33,7%), B2 (n=46; 26,3%) e B3 (n=70; 40%). Doença perianal foi encontrada em 89 (50,9%) dos pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados epidemiológicos dos pacientes foram compatíveis com os da literatura internacional. Houve uma alta prevalência de pacientes com a forma fistulizante da DC.39540

Feline immunodeficiency virus in Northern Ceará, Brazil

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to confirm the prevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection in domestic cats in the region north of Ceará, Brazil, and to determine the factors associated with infection and the major circulating subtypes of the virus in this area. Methods: Samples from 148 cats were collected and tested using anti-FIV antibody screening, with confirmation of positive results by PCR. Univariate analysis was performed considering the epidemiological characteristics and FIV status. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the gag and pol genes were performed to confirm the FIV subtype. Results: Nine cats (6.1%) tested positive for FIV – one female (0.7%) and eight males (5.4%). Male cats were significantly more likely to be infected (P <0.05). Phylogenetic analysis of gag and pol gene sequences indicated that the FIV isolates circulating in the study area belonged to subtype B. Conclusions and relevance: In this study, we demonstrated a low prevalence for FIV in the northwest of Ceará, north-eastern Brazil. Male sex is a significant risk factor for FIV infection and the best predictive factor for FIV status. All isolates examined in this study clustered within subtype B, which is the predominant subtype in Brazil. This is the first report of genetic characterization of FIV in the state of Ceará, Brazil

PROTAGONISMO DO ENFERMEIRO NO PROCESSO DE CICATRIZAÇÃO DAS FERIDAS CRÔNICAS: UM ENSAIO DA LITERATURA

Introduction: Chronic wounds are a type of lesion that has its healing process stagnated for a period of six weeks or more, despite adequate treatment. Objectives: to understand the role of nurses in the assessment and treatment of chronic wounds and to describe their performance in the face of the systematization of nursing care in the care process. Methodology: This is a literature search with a qualitative approach. The data were collected in a virtual database. For this purpose, the Virtual Health Library (VHL) was used, in the following information base: LILACS; BDENF and MEDLINE in the period from March to April 2021. After the association of all descriptors, 85 articles were found, 70 were excluded and 15 articles were selected. Results and Discussion: After reflective reading and repetition of the themes developed in the articles found, two categories emerged: the role of the nurse in the assessment and treatment of chronic wounds and the role of the nurse in the systematization of nursing care in the care process. Conclusion: It is concluded that it is of great relevance that the dermatologist nurse has theoretical and scientific knowledge about chronic wounds for implementation in practice and, thus, to meet the demands arising from the patient, considering that, care for the patient with a chronic wound needs to be holistically targeted.Introducción: Las heridas crónicas son un tipo de lesión que tiene su proceso de cicatrización estancado por un período de seis semanas o más, a pesar de un tratamiento adecuado. Objetivos: comprender el papel del enfermero en la evaluación y tratamiento de las heridas crónicas y describir su desempeño frente a la sistematización del cuidado de enfermería en el proceso asistencial. Metodología: Se trata de una búsqueda bibliográfica con enfoque cualitativo. Los datos se recopilaron en una base de datos virtual. Para ello se utilizó la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), en la siguiente base de información: LILACS; BDENF y MEDLINE en el período de marzo a abril de 2021. Tras la asociación de todos los descriptores, se encontraron 85 artículos, se excluyeron 70 y se seleccionaron 15 artículos. Resultados y Discusión: Luego de la lectura reflexiva y repetición de los temas desarrollados en los artículos encontrados, surgieron dos categorías: el rol del enfermero en la evaluación y tratamiento de las heridas crónicas y el rol del enfermero en la sistematización del cuidado de enfermería en el cuidado. proceso. Conclusión: Se concluye que es de gran relevancia que el enfermero dermatólogo cuente con conocimientos teóricos y científicos sobre las heridas crónicas para su implementación en la práctica y, así, atender las demandas que surjan del paciente, considerando que, el cuidado del paciente con una enfermedad crónica. La herida debe ser dirigida de manera integral.Introdução: As feridas crônicas constituem-se um tipo de lesão que tem seu processo de cicatrização estagnado por um período de seis semanas ou mais, apesar do tratamento adequado. Objetivos: compreender o protagonismo do enfermeiro frente à avaliação e tratamento de feridas crônicas e descrever a sua atuação diante a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem no processo do cuidado. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados em base de dados virtuais. Para tal utilizou-se a Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), na seguinte base de informação: LILACS; BDENF e MEDLINE no período de março e abril de 2021. Após a associação de todos os descritores foram encontrados 85 artigos, excluídos 70 e selecionados 15 artigos. Resultados e Discussão: Posterior à leitura reflexiva e repetição das temáticas desenvolvidas nos artigos encontrados, emergiram duas categorias: Protagonismo do enfermeiro frente à avaliação e tratamento de feridas crônicas e Atuação do enfermeiro frente a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem no processo do cuidado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que é de grande relevância que o enfermeiro dermatologista tenha conhecimento teórico-cientifico sobre as feridas crônicas para implementação na prática e assim, atender as demandas advindas do paciente, tendo em vista que, o cuidado com o paciente com ferida crônica precisa ser direcionado de forma holística. &nbsp

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

SAFETY OF PATIENTS WITH MENTAL DISORDERS IN HOSPITALIZATION: SCOPING REVIEW

Relate and systematize scientific evidence on the safety of patients with mental disorders in hospitalization

ESTUDO DA VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA E DA PRODUÇÃO ENERGÉTICA DO BIOGÁS GERADO NO TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTES, APLICADOS À CIDADE DE POUSO ALEGRE- MG

O biogás, proveniente do tratamento de efluentes domésticos, constitui uma fonte de energia alternativa e renovável com potencial para aproveitamentos energéticos e diminuição de emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE). Na obtenção do biogás são empregados os biodigestores, entre eles o digestor UASB, que vem sendo mais largamente utilizado. O presente estudo propõe dimensionar dois tipos de biodigestores, aplicados à cidade de Pouso Alegre-MG e avaliar seus potenciais de obtenção de biogás, além da viabilidade econômica, aproveitamento de energia e emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) evitadas. O estudo concluiu que, dentre as tecnologias avaliadas, o digestor tipo UASB é o mais eficiente, e apesar da inviabilidade econômica de sua implantação, sua aplicação consegue abater até 11% da energia consumida por uma estação de tratamento de esgoto, no cenário adotado, além de evitar a emissão de 21.562,82 ton. CO2 eq/ano, contribuindo favoravelmente para o meio ambiente e para o uso de energias limpas.Palavras-chave: aproveitamento energético, biogás, emissões evitadas