Discovering, preserving and communicating the past. Synergies and divergences between archaeology, restoration and museography to make the legacy from the past accessible to all

The paper aims to investigate the overlapping, collaborative and even contrasting characteristics among the three different disciplines: Archaeology, Restoration and Museography. As archaeologists share the view that the public's "enjoyment" of the archaeological heritage in situ could jeopardize its integrity, paradoxically the surest way to preserve an archaeological site is by backfilling. The only architectural intervention in an archaeological site is to introduce a protective element, but this often distorts its identity: therefore, the possible compromise for a "direct" fruition of an archaeological site is its restoration, although it has been intended in different ways over time. The past must be preserved and protected keeping in mind the centrality of people (to whom the preservation of the past is addressed) too often forgotten or postponed due to other urgencies. It should also be underlined that conveying these often fragile remains to the future depends on their acknowledgement as elements of cultural identity. In recent decades, however, new ways of intervening have emerged, in order to preserve but also to communicate in the best possible way the cultural significant and contents of the archaeological heritage, making them truly “accessible” and dialoguing with the city and with the present. The paper cites some significant case studies to investigate the potential of a real disciplinary contamination between the three above mentioned fields

Industry 4.0 paradigm: The viewpoint of the small and medium enterprises

International audienceThe pervasive diffusion of Information and Communication technologies (ICT) and automation technologies are the prerequisite for the preconized fourth industrial revolution: the Industry 4.0 (I4.0). Despite the economical efforts of several governments all over the world, still there are few companies, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs), that adopt or intend to adopt in the near future I4.0 solutions. This work focus on key issues for implementing the I4.0 solutions in SMEs by using a specific case example as a test bench of an Italian small manufacturing company. Requirements and constraints derived from the field experience are generalised to provide a clear view of the profound potentialities and difficulties of the first industrial revolution announced instead of being historically recognised. A preliminary classification is then provided in view to start conceiving a library of Industry 4.0 formal patterns to identify the maturity of a SME for deploying Industry 4.0 concepts and technologies

Dall’accessibilità all’inclusione nei musei: un approccio multidisciplinare

The paper investigates the issue of accessibility and inclusion by considering the personal appropriation of cultural heritage as an objective. Through a multidisciplinary approach and survey on archaeological heritage, it shows how the strategies and actions implemented by museums do not always meet this goal and which solutions can instead be more effective and truly inclusive for different audiences through different modalities of communication (analogue, digital, spatial). The contribution highlights the role of design and representation in communicating the values and meanings of cultural heritage, and explores methods and tools for innovative languages and defining new forms of interaction and involvement of different audiences

Clinical and Biochemical Features in a Patient With Mitochondrial Fission Factor Gene Alteration

Mitochondrial Fission Factor (MFF) is part of a protein complex that promotes mitochondria and peroxisome fission. Hitherto, only 5 patients have been reported harboring mutations in MFF, all of them with the clinical features of a very early onset Leigh-like encephalopathy. We report on an 11-year-old boy with epileptic encephalopathy. He presented with neurological regression, epileptic myoclonic seizures, severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, tetraparesis, optic atrophy, and ophthalmoplegia. Brain MRI pattern was compatible with Leigh syndrome. NGS-based analysis of a gene panel for mitochondrial disorders revealed a homozygous c.892C>T (p. Arg298*) in the MFF gene. Fluorescence staining detected abnormal morphology of mitochondria and peroxisomes in fibroblasts from the patient; a strong reduction in MFF protein levels and the presence of truncated forms were observed. No biochemical alterations denoting peroxisomal disorders were found. As reported in other disorders affecting the dynamics of intracellular organelles, our patient showed clinical features suggesting both mitochondrial and peroxisomal impairment. High levels of lactate in our case suggested an involvement of the energetic metabolism but without clear respiratory chain deficiency, while biomarkers of peroxisomal dysfunction were normal. We confirm that MFF mutations are associated with epileptic encephalopathy with Leigh-like MRI pattern

Education, implementation, and teams : 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with treatment recommendations

For this 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, the Education, Implementation, and Teams Task Force applied the population, intervention, comparator, outcome, study design, time frame format and performed 15 systematic reviews, applying the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidance. Furthermore, 4 scoping reviews and 7 evidence updates assessed any new evidence to determine if a change in any existing treatment recommendation was required. The topics covered included training for the treatment of opioid overdose; basic life support, including automated external defibrillator training; measuring implementation and performance in communities, and cardiac arrest centers; advanced life support training, including team and leadership training and rapid response teams; measuring cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance, feedback devices, and debriefing; and the use of social media to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation application

Education, implementation, and teams : 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with treatment recommendations

For this 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, the Education, Implementation, and Teams Task Force applied the population, intervention, comparator, outcome, study design, time frame format and performed 15 systematic reviews, applying the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidance. Furthermore, 4 scoping reviews and 7 evidence updates assessed any new evidence to determine if a change in any existing treatment recommendation was required. The topics covered included training for the treatment of opioid overdose; basic life support, including automated external defibrillator training; measuring implementation and performance in communities, and cardiac arrest centers; advanced life support training, including team and leadership training and rapid response teams; measuring cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance, feedback devices, and debriefing; and the use of social media to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation application

Il palinsesto architettonico come paradigma di lettura di un contesto urbano pluristratificato: dalla conoscenza all’interpretazione delle testimonianze per la valorizzazione

ITALIANO: Il contributo indaga la città come palinsesto attraverso lo studio del Duomo di Chieri (Torino). La possibilità di lettura delle diverse fasi costruttive consente di assumerlo quale testimone dell’azione del tempo e dell’uomo. Le campagne di scavo e i restauri hanno disvelato e conservato le memorie del passato ma, il complesso manca di un progetto di valorizzazione. Il confronto disciplinare si propone di far emergere riflessioni per la definizione di progetti di valorizzazione inclusiva. / ENGLISH: The contribution investigates the city as a palimpsest through the study of the Cathedral of Chieri (Turin). The possibility of interpreting the different construction phases allows us to assume it as a witness to the action of time and man. The excavation campaigns andrestoration work have revealed and preserved the memories of the past, but the complex has not yet been enhanced. The disciplinary comparison aims to bring out reflections for the definition of inclusive enhancement projects

Virtual Representation to Narration Roman Turin. Interactive Didactic Paths from the City to the Museum

This paper illustrates a research experience carried out on possible projects to enhance the archaeological vestiges of the city of Turin. The absence of precise links between Roman Turin and its remains makes it difficult to under- stand the rich archaeological heritage, which is often no longer visible. Among the possible project scenarios, the use of images appears to be the most effective tool for the reading, interpretation and transmission of the heritage in all its com- plexity. Moreover, considering that the privileged users are the students who are approaching the study of Roman history, the new forms of representation are an effective way to transmit and learn cultural contents. The case study, well known to insiders and scholars, is hardly intelligible to a more heterogeneous audience. An urban structure strongly influenced by the still comprehensible Roman layout is counterbalanced by the fragmentation of the archaeological artefacts visible today and the loss of significant ancient urban elements. The interdisciplinary nature of archaeology, restoration and representation makes it possible, through interactive digital environments, to interpret the contents correctly, to narrate the heritage by restoring its physical consistency and to transmit the values that the testimonies carry. The creation of cognitive and emotional relationships between the visitors and the tangible and intangible heritage makes it possible to reconnect the archae- ological evidence present or lost in the city with the findings in the museum. The educational intentionality attributed to the image favours an inclusive process for users with specific needs, not only exclusively linked to disability conditions. The image assumes a privileged pedagogical role that allows a greater involvement of people with specific needs as well as “alienated” audiences