Everyday Life and Public Elementary School in Brazil: A Critical Psychological Intervention Model

Brazil has one of the highest levels of economic disparity in the world. The educational system plays a large role in this reality, acting as a mechanism of social exclusion. Neoliberalism has resulted in the commodification of education, empowering private schools while undermining the public system. This has created a vicious cycle, whereby educational inequality reflects and reinforces social inequality. Such a system violates the rights of children not lucky enough to be born into wealth – the right to equal education; to equal opportunity; and equal treatment. From within this context, we propose a model, dubbed The Eagle’s Flight, for psychological intervention in public schools. This will form an extension of our research group’s Psychosocial Assessment and Intervention – Prevention, Community and Liberation, which has been an on-going project for the past fourteen years. The intervention model advocates monitoring child development from a critical, social and historical perspective, focusing on how school and community affect everyday life. The analysis will be carried out via the daily immersion of psychologists in the public school setting, who pay attention to key aspects which include various expressions of violence, financial difficulties related to unemployment, informal employment or drug dealing, poor access to health services, and the developmental impact of factors such as poverty. Based on Paulo Freire's Emancipatory Education Proposal and Ignacio Martín-Baró’s Liberation Psychology, intervention in school and community must be an interdisciplinary procedure, employing professionals from a range of disciplines involved in the study of child development. The various subjects’ perspectives seek to provide support for everyday problems and solutions, whilst breaking down the hegemonic model of psychological practice that considers the child and family as responsible for their problems. A concrete example of this critical psychosocial intervention model is presented.

Glucose metabolism disorders and vestibular manifestations: evaluation through computerized dynamic posturography

AbstractIntroductionGlobal sugar consumption has increased in the past 50 years; its abusive intake is responsible for peripheral insulin resistance, which causes the metabolic syndrome – obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary heart disease.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of a fractionated diet without glucose as treatment for labyrinthine disorders associated with glucose–insulin index.MethodsThe study design was a prospective randomized controlled trial. Fifty-one patients were divided into two groups: the diet group (DG), which comprised subjects treated with a fractionated diet with glucose restriction, and the control group (CG), in which individuals were not counseled regarding diet. Patients underwent computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) and visual analog scale (VAS) on the first and 30th days of the study.ResultsThere was improvement in the assessed posturographic conditions and VAS self-assessment in the DG group after 30 days when compared to the control group.ConclusionThe fractionated diet with glucose restriction was effective for the treatment of vestibular dysfunction associated with glucose metabolism disorders

Campanha nacional de prevenção a quedas de idosos dia 27 de setembro : dia de atendimento ao idoso com tontura

Não tem74

Sensitivity of caloric test and video head impulse as screening test for chronic vestibular complaints

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the results of the caloric test with those of the video head impulse test obtained during the same session and evaluated whether the former can be used to screen for non-acute vestibular dysfunction. METHODS: A total of 157 participants complaining of dizziness with vestibular characteristics of varying durations and clinical courses completed the caloric test and video head impulse test. RESULTS: Significantly more caloric test results than video head impulse test results were abnormal. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the caloric test and video head impulse test are distinct but complement each other. Within our sample, the caloric test was more sensitive for vestibular dysfunction. Therefore, the video head impulse test is not a suitable screening tool of the vestibular system in patients with chronic complaints

Caloric test and video head impulse test sensitivity as vestibular impairment predictors before cochlear implant surgery

OBJECTIVES: Currently, cochlear implant procedures are becoming increasingly broad and have greatly expanded. Bilateral cochlear implants and cochlear implants are more frequently applied in children. Our hypothesis is that the video head impulse test may be more sensitive than the caloric test in detecting abnormal vestibular function before cochlear implant surgery. The objective of this study was to compare the video head impulse test and caloric test results of patients selected for cochlear implant procedures before surgery. METHODS: The patients selected for cochlear implant surgery were submitted to a bithermal caloric test and video head impulse test. RESULTS: By comparing angular slow phase velocity values below 5o in the bithermal caloric test (hypofunction) and video head impulse test with a gain lower than 0.8, we identified 37 (64.9%) patients with vestibular hypofunction or canal paresis and 21 (36.8%) patients with abnormal video head impulse test gain before the cochlear implant procedure. Of the 37 patients with caloric test vestibular hypofunction, 20 (54%) patients exhibited an abnormal gain in the video head impulse test. CONCLUSION: The caloric test is more sensitive than the video head impulse test (Fisher’s exact test, p=0.0002) in detecting the impaired ear before cochlear implant delivery. The proportion of caloric test/video head impulse test positive identification of abnormal vestibular function or caloric test/video head impulse test sensitivity was 1.8:1

Caloric test and video head impulse test sensitivity as vestibular impairment predictors before cochlear implant surgery

OBJECTIVES: Currently, cochlear implant procedures are becoming increasingly broad and have greatly expanded. Bilateral cochlear implants and cochlear implants are more frequently applied in children. Our hypothesis is that the video head impulse test may be more sensitive than the caloric test in detecting abnormal vestibular function before cochlear implant surgery. The objective of this study was to compare the video head impulse test and caloric test results of patients selected for cochlear implant procedures before surgery. METHODS: The patients selected for cochlear implant surgery were submitted to a bithermal caloric test and video head impulse test. RESULTS: By comparing angular slow phase velocity values below 5o in the bithermal caloric test (hypofunction) and video head impulse test with a gain lower than 0.8, we identified 37 (64.9%) patients with vestibular hypofunction or canal paresis and 21 (36.8%) patients with abnormal video head impulse test gain before the cochlear implant procedure. Of the 37 patients with caloric test vestibular hypofunction, 20 (54%) patients exhibited an abnormal gain in the video head impulse test. CONCLUSION: The caloric test is more sensitive than the video head impulse test (Fisher’s exact test, p=0.0002) in detecting the impaired ear before cochlear implant delivery. The proportion of caloric test/video head impulse test positive identification of abnormal vestibular function or caloric test/video head impulse test sensitivity was 1.8:1

Study of the relationship between the degree of tinnitus annoyance the presence of hyperacusis✩✩Please cite this article as: Guimarães AC, Carvalho GM, Voltolini MM, Zappelini CE, Mezzalira R, Stoler G, et al. Study of the relationship between the degree of tinnitus annoyance and the presence of hyperacusis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;80:24-8.

AbstractIntroductionHyperacusis can be defined as a manifestation of an increased of central auditory pathways gain and can be considered a pre-tinnitus state. In some cases tinnitus can be caused by such increased gain.AimTo evaluate the prevalence of hyperacusis in patients with tinnitus and its relation to the annoyance of tinnitus.Materials and methodsRetrospective study with patients from the neurotology service complaining of tinnitus in the first consultation were submitted to clinical evaluation, a questionnaire and audiological evaluation of tinnitus and hyperacusis. The degree of annoyance of tinnitus and hyperacusis was measured using a visual analog scale.ResultsWe analyzed medical records of 309 patients, 169 (54.7%) females and 140 (45.3%) males. The mean age was 53 years. The median degree of tinnitus annoyance was 7. Hyperacusis was present in 57 (18.4%) patients, with a median degree of 5. The degree of annoyance due to tinnitus patients with hyperacusis was similar to that of patients without hyperacusis.ConclusionHyperacusis was present in 18.4% of patients with tinnitus. The degree of annoyance due to tinnitus had no correlation with the presence of hyperacusis.© 2014 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved

Otoneurological evaluation: current good practice

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Hospital das Clínicas Ambulatório de OtoneurologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Ambulatório de OtoneurologiaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Departmento de OtorrinolaringologiaPontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Faculdade de Medicina Departmento de OtorrinolaringologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departmento de OtorrinolaringologiaHospital Sírio-LibanêsUniversidade Estadual de CampinasInstituto Penido Burnier Clínica de OtorrinolaringologiaUniversidade Federal Fluminense Faculdade de MedicinaUNIFESP, Ambulatório de OtoneurologiaUNIFESP, Departmento de OtorrinolaringologiaSciEL

Ewing's sarcoma of the head and neck

CONTEXT: Ewing's sarcoma is a rare neoplasm, which usually arises in long bones of the limbs and in flat bones of the pelvis, with the involvement of head and neck bones being very unusual. CASE REPORT: a case of Ewing's sarcoma occurring in the mandible of a 35-year-old female. Pain and swelling of the tumor were the main complaints. The early hypothesis was an undifferentiated malignant neoplasm, possibly a sarcoma. The CT scan depicted an expansive lesion, encapsulated, with septa and characteristics of soft tissue, involving the left side of the mandible and extending to the surrounding tissues. The patient underwent surgical excision of the lesion, the definitive diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma was established, and the patient commenced on radiotherapy.CONTEXTO: O Sarcoma de Ewing é uma doença que geralmente acomete os ossos longos e a pelve, sendo rara a ocorrência em cabeça e pescoço. RELATO DE CASO: Caso de Sarcoma de Ewing começando na mandíbula em uma paciente de 35 anos, sendo a tumoração e a dor local os principais sintomas referidos. O diagnóstico inicial foi de neoplasia maligna indiferenciada, sugestivo de sarcoma e a tomografia computadorizada mostrou lesão expansiva com características de tumor de partes moles, septada e encapsulada, acometendo a mandíbula esquerda e apresentando extensão para as partes moles adjacentes. O tratamento realizado foi a remoção cirúrgica da lesão, complementado com radioterapia pós-operatória. O diagnóstico definitivo foi de Sarcoma de Ewing.19820

Desenvolvimento de mudas de Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke em diferentes ambientes em viveiro

This study aimed to evaluate the development of seedlings Schizolobium amazonicum under the effect of different environments nursery, the following treatments: T1 - seedlings in the open area, T2 - seedlings in shade house (75%) and T3 - green house. The variables analyzed were: survival rate, height of shoots (h), stem diameter (dc) and leaf number (nf). Seedling growth in height was greater in the greenhouse (50.3 cm), similar in shade house (49.0 cm) and lower in the seedlings in the open area (46.2 cm). For the stem diameter, seedlings of greenhouse had higher growth (6.6 mm), similar in shade house (6.3 mm), and higher in the open area, with the lowest growth (5.2 mm). The number of leaves in the greenhouse showed the best results (3.9), followed by shade house (3.5), which were higher than the open treatment (0,3). We conclude that the parica seedlings can be produced in a greenhouse or shade house, but not in the open due to damage from the cold to the seedlings.O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o desenvolvimento de mudas de Schizolobium amazonicum sob o efeito de diferentes ambientes de viveiro, nos seguintes tratamentos: T1- mudas a pleno sol, T2 - mudas em casa de sombra (75%) e T3 - Casa de vegetação. As variáveis analisadas foram: índice de sobrevivência, altura da parte aérea (h), diâmetro do colo (dc) e número de folhas (nf). O crescimento em altura foi maior na casa de vegetação (50,3 cm), semelhante na casa de sombra (49,0 cm) e inferior nas mudas a céu aberto (46,2 cm). Quanto ao diâmetro de colo, as mudas da casa de vegetação tiveram crescimento maior (6,6 mm), semelhante na casa de sombra (6,3 mm), e superiores a céu aberto, com o menor crescimento (5,2 mm). O número de folhas na casa de vegetação apresentou os melhores resultados (3,9), seguidos pela casa de sombra (3,5), os quais foram superiores ao tratamento a céu aberto (0,3). Conclui-se que as mudas de paricá podem ser produzidas em casa de vegetação ou em casa de sombra, porém não a céu aberto, devido aos danos do frio às mudas