7 research outputs found
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on microbiology-immunology publications: Bibliometric analysis and visualization
Aim: The aim of this study is to visualize the most cited publications, the most frequently used keywords, and the topics studied in the field of "Microbiology -Immunology" before and during the pandemic and to reveal the differences between the two periods. Material and Methods: Studies registered in the Scopus database and published in the field of "Microbiology-Immunology" in 2019 and 2022 were included in the study. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer program. In the keyword analysis, the most recently published and the top 2000 most cited publications in 2019 and 2022 were evaluated.Results: The most frequently used keywords in the most recent publications in 2019 were "Medicago truncatula", "malaria" and "immunotherapy", while the most cited keywords were "inflammation","microbiome" and "immunotherapy". In 2019, it was determined that most studies were on immunotherapy. In 2022, the top three most frequently used keywords in the most recently published publications were "malaria", "neuroinflammation" and "inflammation", while the most cited publications were "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2" and "vaccination". As a result of the keyword analysis, it was determined that the most frequently published topics and the most cited topics were different from each other in the analysis of current studies in 2022.Discussion: Since our study reveals the changes in the literature related to our field, we think that it will be a guide in planning new studies. We believe that periodic repetition of bibliometric analyses and keyword mapping studies will contribute to the quantitative and qualitative development of scientific productivity in our field
Kolonize ve enfeksiyon etkeni streptococcus pneumoniae kökenlerinde serotip ve makrolid direnç mekanizmaları dağılımlarının karşılaştırılması
ÖZETStreptococcus pneumoniae’da serotip dağılımının antibiyotik direnci ileilişkilendirilmesi, pnömokok enfeksiyonları ile mücadelede büyük önemtaşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada kolonize veya enfeksiyon etkeni olarak izole edilenS.pneumoniae kökenlerinde serotip dağılımı ile makrolid direnç mekanizmasıarasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçladık. Bu amaçla 2012-2013 yılları arasındahastanemizde izole edilen makrolid dirençli 30 kolonize ve 60 enfeksiyon etkenipnömokok kökeni çalışmaya dahil edildi. İzolatlarda makrolid direncinin fenotipleri,eritromisin-klindamisin çift disk yöntemiyle, genetik determinantları ise PZT ilesaptandı. Serotiplendirmede multipleks PZT yöntemi kullanıldı. cMLSB fenotipi hemetken hem de kolonize izolatlarda baskın (etken: %76,6, kolonize: %83,3) olarakbulundu. ermB etken izolatların %76,6’sında, kolonize izolatların ise %83,3’ündesaptandı. M fenotipi ermB olmadan sadece mefA/E geni taşıyan kökenlerde (etken:%23,3, kolonize: %16,6) saptandı. cMLSB fenotipindeki tüm izolatların (n:71)%55’inde mefA/E geninin ermB ile birlikte bulunduğu belirlendi. Etken kökenlerde19F (%38,3), 6A/B/C (%18,3) ve 23F (%15); kolonize kökenlerde 6A/B/C (%30),23F (%23,3) ve 19F (%20) baskın serotipler olarak saptandı. 19F serotipindekiizolatların %96,6’sı cMLSB fenotipinde olup, bu izolatlarda ermB ve mefA/Ebirlikteliği oldukça yüksektir (%64,2). 6A/B/C serotipindeki kökenlerde de cMLSBfenotipi baskın (%95) olup, yüksek oranda (%73,6) ermB+mefA/E birlikteliğisaptandı. İlginç olarak 23F serotipindeki izolatlarda ise M fenotipi baskın (%81,3)olarak saptanmış olup bu izolatlarda sadece mefA/E tespit edildi. Sonuç olarakçalışmamız; izolatlarımızda, cMLSB fenotipi ve ermB genotipinin baskın olduğunugöstermiş ve mefA/E’nin de izolatlarımızda çok yaygın (%64,4) olarak bulunduğunuortaya koymuş olup ayrıca kolonize ve etken izolatlardaki serotip dağılımlarınınbenzer olduğunu ve pnömokoklarda serotiplere göre makrolid direnç mekanizmasıdağılımında farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir.Anahtar sözcükler: Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotip, makrolid, direnç, mefA,mefE, ermB, ermTRABSTRACTThe association between serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistancemechanisms bears significance in the fight against Streptococcus pneumoniaeinfections. In this study, we have aimed to demonstrate the correlation between theserotype distribution and macrolide resistance mechanisms of pneumococcusisolates. During 2012-2013, 30 colonised and 60 invasive pneumococcus isolated inour hospital and found to be resistant to macrolides were included in the study.Macrolide resistance phenotypes determined by the erythromycin-clindamycindouble disc diffusion method; and genetic determinants were identified by PCR.Serotypes determined by multiplex PCR. Structural MLSB was the dominant (%76,7in invasive, %83,3 in colonised) phenotype in both groups. ermB was found %76,7in invasive and %83,3 in colonised isolates. M fenotype determined in the isolateswhich carried only mefA/E in the absence of ermB (invasive: %23,3, colonised:%16,6). In %54,9 of all cMLSB isolates (n:71), mefA/E was determined with ermB.In invasive isolates 19F (%38,3), 6A/B/C (%18,3) and 23F (%15); in colonisedisolates 6A/B/C (%30), 23F (%23,3) and 19F (%20) found as dominant serotypes. Inthe 19F isolates, the structural phenotype percentage was found %96,6 and in most ofthe isolates (%64,2) ermB and mefA/E genes were confirmed together. The 6A/B/Cisolates demonstrated similar macrolide resistance phenotype (%95 cMLSB) with the19F isolates and %73,6 of all 6A/B/C isolates ermB and mefA/E confirmed together.Interestingly in the 23F isolates, M phenotype was confirmed to be dominant(%81,3) so in this isolates only mefA/E was determined. In conclusion, we wouldalso like to underline that ermB was dominant but mefA/E was found at a very highrate (%64,4) and the major serotypes were similar in colonised and invasive isolates.Our study also points that in macrolide resistance mechanisms could vary accordingto pneumococcal serotypes.Keywords: Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotype, macrolide, resistance, mefA, mefE,ermB, ermT
Kolonize ve enfeksiyon etkeni streptococcus pneumoniae kökenlerinde serotip ve makrolid direnç mekanizmaları dağılımlarının karşılaştırılması
Streptococcus pneumoniae’da serotip dağılımının antibiyotik direnci ile
ilişkilendirilmesi, pnömokok enfeksiyonları ile mücadelede büyük önem
taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada kolonize veya enfeksiyon etkeni olarak izole edilen
S.pneumoniae kökenlerinde serotip dağılımı ile makrolid direnç mekanizması
arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçladık. Bu amaçla 2012-2013 yılları arasında
hastanemizde izole edilen makrolid dirençli 30 kolonize ve 60 enfeksiyon etkeni
pnömokok kökeni çalışmaya dahil edildi. İzolatlarda makrolid direncinin fenotipleri,
eritromisin-klindamisin çift disk yöntemiyle, genetik determinantları ise PZT ile
saptandı. Serotiplendirmede multipleks PZT yöntemi kullanıldı. cMLSB fenotipi hem
etken hem de kolonize izolatlarda baskın (etken: %76,6, kolonize: %83,3) olarak
bulundu. ermB etken izolatların %76,6’sında, kolonize izolatların ise %83,3’ünde
saptandı. M fenotipi ermB olmadan sadece mefA/E geni taşıyan kökenlerde (etken:
%23,3, kolonize: %16,6) saptandı. cMLSB fenotipindeki tüm izolatların (n:71)
%55’inde mefA/E geninin ermB ile birlikte bulunduğu belirlendi. Etken kökenlerde
19F (%38,3), 6A/B/C (%18,3) ve 23F (%15); kolonize kökenlerde 6A/B/C (%30),
23F (%23,3) ve 19F (%20) baskın serotipler olarak saptandı. 19F serotipindeki
izolatların %96,6’sı cMLSB fenotipinde olup, bu izolatlarda ermB ve mefA/E
birlikteliği oldukça yüksektir (%64,2). 6A/B/C serotipindeki kökenlerde de cMLSB
fenotipi baskın (%95) olup, yüksek oranda (%73,6) ermB+mefA/E birlikteliği
saptandı. İlginç olarak 23F serotipindeki izolatlarda ise M fenotipi baskın (%81,3)
olarak saptanmış olup bu izolatlarda sadece mefA/E tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak
çalışmamız; izolatlarımızda, cMLSB fenotipi ve ermB genotipinin baskın olduğunu
göstermiş ve mefA/E’nin de izolatlarımızda çok yaygın (%64,4) olarak bulunduğunu
ortaya koymuş olup ayrıca kolonize ve etken izolatlardaki serotip dağılımlarının
benzer olduğunu ve pnömokoklarda serotiplere göre makrolid direnç mekanizması
dağılımında farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir.
Anahtar sözcükler: Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotip, makrolid, direnç, mefA,
mefE, ermB, ermTR
ABSTRACT
The association between serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance
mechanisms bears significance in the fight against Streptococcus pneumoniae
infections. In this study, we have aimed to demonstrate the correlation between the
serotype distribution and macrolide resistance mechanisms of pneumococcus
isolates. During 2012-2013, 30 colonised and 60 invasive pneumococcus isolated in
our hospital and found to be resistant to macrolides were included in the study.
Macrolide resistance phenotypes determined by the erythromycin-clindamycin
double disc diffusion method; and genetic determinants were identified by PCR.
Serotypes determined by multiplex PCR. Structural MLSB was the dominant (%76,7
in invasive, %83,3 in colonised) phenotype in both groups. ermB was found %76,7
in invasive and %83,3 in colonised isolates. M fenotype determined in the isolates
which carried only mefA/E in the absence of ermB (invasive: %23,3, colonised:
%16,6). In %54,9 of all cMLSB isolates (n:71), mefA/E was determined with ermB.
In invasive isolates 19F (%38,3), 6A/B/C (%18,3) and 23F (%15); in colonised
isolates 6A/B/C (%30), 23F (%23,3) and 19F (%20) found as dominant serotypes. In
the 19F isolates, the structural phenotype percentage was found %96,6 and in most of
the isolates (%64,2) ermB and mefA/E genes were confirmed together. The 6A/B/C
isolates demonstrated similar macrolide resistance phenotype (%95 cMLSB) with the
19F isolates and %73,6 of all 6A/B/C isolates ermB and mefA/E confirmed together.
Interestingly in the 23F isolates, M phenotype was confirmed to be dominant
(%81,3) so in this isolates only mefA/E was determined. In conclusion, we would
also like to underline that ermB was dominant but mefA/E was found at a very high
rate (%64,4) and the major serotypes were similar in colonised and invasive isolates.
Our study also points that in macrolide resistance mechanisms could vary according
to pneumococcal serotypes.
Keywords: Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotype, macrolide, resistance, mefA, mefE,
ermB, ermT
The performance of wong-zakai approximations for the investigation of stochastic differential equation models with nonlinear multiplicative noise
In this study, Wong-Zakai approximation method has been applied for the analysis of stochastic differential equations appearing in engineering sciences. Wong-Zakai approximation has been used with similar stochastic approximation methods to compare the approximate solutions of the problems and comment on the performance of the method. Models for lake pollution and computer virus spread under antivirus protection have been used with nonlinear stochastic noise as numerical examples to demonstrate the efficiency of Wong-Zakai method
Disappearance of Biodiversity and Future of Our Foods
“I. Uluslararası Organik Tarım ve Biyoçeşitlilik Sempozyumu 27-29 Eylül Bayburt