Analysis of altimetric movements of the seismic region of Chlef by Monte Carlo method

Comunicación presntada a la 3ª Asamblea Hispano-Portuguesa de Geodesia y Geofísica = 3ª Assembleia Luso-Espanhola de Geodesia e Geofisica, celebrada en Valencia entre el 4 y el 8 de febrero de 2002.1n the region o/ Ch/ef (ex El AsnC/l17,Northwest ofAlgeriat numerous geodesi campaigns have been mude for the study ofterrestrial crustal movements associated 10 the S ismicity of the region. The results of the works of different timesof leveling measure.ss..¿ J of j 976, /986, /987 are comparad with the results obtained in 198/, /988 and /98, rhey confirm the tendency lo ,VW-SE overthrust and they indicate the persistence ofre/ative 1110Vel17el1i/ns the same sense. The evaluation and the simultaneous representa/ion of these deformations and o/ their errors are made by the method of Monte Carlo that allows /0 simulate a great number ofseries ofmeasurec_c' e' This method has pul in evidence the existence of significant movements in 90% of the simulations of Monte Carlo about {he speed of the altimetric displacements of different sections of leveling net in the region. In this work the results obtained in the different catnpaign are presentedPeer reviewe

The impact of Emotional intelligence on Achievement motivation among a sample of students of second year secondary school in Laghouat

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على تأثير الذكاء الوجداني على الدافعية للإنجاز لدى عينة من تلاميذ السنة الثانية ثانوي بمدينة الاغواط ، حيث حاولنا معرفة إن كان هناك أثر لكلّ من الذّكاء الوجداني والجنس والتّفاعل بينهما في الدّافعية للإنجاز لدى أفراد عيّنة الدّراسة. وإن كان إن كان هناك أثر لكلّ من الذّكاء الوجداني والتّخصص (أدبي، علمي) والتّفاعل بينهما في الدّافعية للإنجاز لدى أفراد عيّنة الدّراسة. وبلغ أفراد عينة الدراسة (160) تلميذا وتلميذة، واستُخدم في الدّراسة مجموعة من المقاييس لغرض جمع البيانات اللازمة وهي: مقياس الذكاء الوجداني، من إعداد الباحث "أحمد العلوان"(2010)، إستفتاء الدّافعية للإنجاز "خليفة محمد عبد اللطيف" (2006) تقنين معمرية بشير على عينة جزائرية. وقد تم الوصول الى مجموعة من النتائج من خلال هذه الدراسة وهي : - يوجد أثر دال إحصائيا للذّكاء الوجداني مستقلا في الدّافعية للإنجاز كما يوجد أثر دال إحصائيا للجنس مستقلا في الدّافعية للإنجاز، بينما لا يوجد تفاعل دال إحصائيا بين مستوى الذّكاء الوجداني والجنس في التّأثير على الدّافعية للإنجاز لدى أفراد عينة الدراسة. - يوجد أثر دال إحصائيا للذّكاء الوجداني مستقلا في الدّافعية للإنجاز كما لا يوجد أثر دال إحصائيا للتّخصص مستقلا في الدّافعية للإنجاز، أيضا لا يوجد تفاعل دال إحصائيا بين مستوى الذّكاء الوجداني والتّخصص في التّأثير على الدّافعية للإنجاز لدى أفراد عينة الدراسة.This study aimed to identify the impact of emotional intelligence on achievement motivation among asample of students of second year secondary school in Laghouat. The reaching study sample are (160)students. In order to collect the data, we have used tow scales: emotional intelligence scale (of Ahmad Al-).The results of this study are:8112), and achievement motivation scale (of Abdallatif khalifa 8101Alwan-There is an effect for emotional intelligence alone in achievement motivation,and an effect for gender(males-females)alone in achievement motivation,and there is no effect interaction between emotionalintelligence and gender (males-females) in achievement motivation for simple of the study.-There is an effect for emotional intelligence alone in achievement motivation,and there is no effect forspecialty (scientific-literary) alone in achievement motivation, and there is no effect interaction betweenemotional intelligence and specialty (scientific-literary) in achievement motivation for simple of the stud

Explanation for the dark I-V curve of III-V concentrator solar cells

The measurement of the dark I–V curve is one of the most straightforward methods for characterizing solar cells. Consequently, an accurate knowledge of its meaning is of high relevance for the comprehension and technological feedback of these devices. In this paper, an explanation of the dark I–V curve for concentrator III–V solar cells is presented using a 3D (three-dimensional) model in order to provide a proper data fit that provides meaningful physical parameters that are also compatible and coherent with a data fit from illumination curves. The influence on the dark I–V curve of the most significant series resistance components of concentrator solar cells is also analysed concluding that only the vertical component as well as the front contact-specific resistance can be assessable by means of this characterization method while both emitter and metal sheet resistances cannot be detected. For comparison purposes, the same experimental data have been fitted by means of a traditional two-diode model showing that, although an accurate dark I–V curve fitting can be achieved, the extracted parameters are unable to reproduce illumination data since lumped models assume the same ohmic losses distribution for both dark and illumination conditions

Contrasting Roles for TLR Ligands in HIV-1 Pathogenesis

The first line of a host's response to various pathogens is triggered by their engagement of cellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Binding of microbial ligands to these receptors leads to the induction of a variety of cellular factors that alter intracellular and extracellular environment and interfere directly or indirectly with the life cycle of the triggering pathogen. Such changes may also affect any coinfecting microbe. Using ligands to Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 5 and 9, we examined their effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in lymphoid tissue ex vivo. We found marked differences in the outcomes of such treatment. While flagellin (TLR5 agonist) treatment enhanced replication of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR 5)-tropic and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-tropic HIV-1, treatment with oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) M362 (TLR9 agonist) suppressed both viral variants. The differential effects of these TLR ligands on HIV-1 replication correlated with changes in production of CC chemokines CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, and of CXC chemokines CXCL10, and CXCL12 in the ligand-treated HIV-1-infected tissues. The nature and/or magnitude of these changes were dependent on the ligand as well as on the HIV-1 viral strain. Moreover, the tested ligands differed in their ability to induce cellular activation as evaluated by the expression of the cluster of differentiation markers (CD) 25, CD38, CD39, CD69, CD154, and human leukocyte antigen D related (HLA)-DR as well as of a cell proliferation marker, Ki67, and of CCR5. No significant effect of the ligand treatment was observed on apoptosis and cell death/loss in the treated lymphoid tissue ex vivo. Our results suggest that binding of microbial ligands to TLRs is one of the mechanisms that mediate interactions between coinfected microbes and HIV-1 in human tissues. Thus, the engagement of appropriate TLRs by microbial molecules or their mimetic might become a new strategy for HIV therapy or prevention

Extracellular vesicles generated by placental tissues ex vivo: A transport system for immune mediators and growth factors

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144634/1/aji12860_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144634/2/aji12860.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144634/3/aji12860-sup-0001-Supinfo.pd

SP-D restricts transepithelial HIV-1 passage

Effective prophylactic strategy against the current epidemic of sexually transmitted HIV-1 infection requires understanding of the innate gatekeeping mechanisms at the genital mucosa. Surfactant protein D (SP-D), a member of the collectin family of proteins naturally present in the vaginal tract, is a potential HIV-1 entry inhibitor at the cellular level. Human EpiVaginal tissues compartmentalized in culture inserts were apically exposed to HIV-1 and/or a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) and viral passage was assessed in the basal chamber containing mononuclear leukocytes. To map the gene signature facilitating or resisting the transepithelial viral transfer, microarray analysis of the HIV-1 challenged EpiVaginal tissues was performed in the absence or presence of rfhSP-D. Mucosal biocompatibility of rfhSP-D was assessed ex vivo and in the standard rabbit vaginal irritation model. The passage of virus through the EpiVaginal tissues toward the underlying target cells was associated with a global epithelial gene signature including differential regulation of genes primarily involved in inflammation, tight junctions and cytoskeletal framework. RfhSP-D significantly inhibited HIV-1 transfer across the vaginal tissues and was associated with a significant reversal of virus induced epithelial gene signature. Pro-inflammatory NF-κB and mTOR transcripts were significantly downregulated, while expression of the tight junctions and cytoskeletal genes was upheld. In the absence of virus, rfhSP-D directly interacted with the EpiVaginal tissues and upregulated expression of genes related to structural stability of the cell and epithelial integrity. There was no increment in the viral acquisition by the PBMCs present in basal chambers wherein, the EpiVaginal tissues in apical chambers were treated with rfhSP-D. The effective concentrations of rfhSP-D had no effect on lactobacilli, epithelial barrier integrity and were safe on repeated applications onto the rabbit vaginal mucosa. This pre-clinical safety data, coupled with its efficacy of restricting viral passage via reversal of virus-induced gene expression of the vaginal barrier, make a strong argument for clinical trials of rfhSP-D as a topical anti-HIV microbicide.The authors thank HIV Research Trust, UK for providing scholarship to Hrishikesh Pandit and Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) for permitting to visit and work in Fichorova lab. The work was partly supported by Medical Innovation Fund (Project no. 2011-16850) of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India. We are grateful to Director, NIRRH for providing financial support as the Institutional Grant and all the Institutional facilities for experimentation (Accession no. 618).The authors thank HIV Research Trust, UK for providing scholarship to Hrishikesh Pandit to work at the Fichorova's Laboratory. This study was partly supported by Medical Innovation Fund (Project no. 2011-16850) of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India. We are grateful to Director, NIRRH for providing financial support via the Institutional Grant and the Institutional facilities (Accession no. 618)

Learning a motor skill: Effects of blocked versus random practice. A review

<span>Procedural learning refers to the ability to learn new perceptual, motor or cognitive skills. While many studies have explored procedural learning abilities in patients with different types of brain damage, the cognitive mechanisms involved in the acquisition of a new skill are still not well understood. The present review focuses on the conditions that optimise skill acquisition, and more specifically on the contextual interference effect (CIE), which refers to the advantage of a 'random' over a 'blocked' practice condition in skill learning tasks. According to both the 'elaboration' and 'reconstruction' hypotheses, the CIE can be explained by the fact that the random schedule requires more cognitive activity than the blocked one. However, if the CIE has been consistently demonstrated in laboratory studies, it is not so clear in field-based studies. We discuss this 'laboratory and field dilemma', and suggest that two main factors – task complexity and individual variables – may explain the discrepancy between the two types of studies.</span

Interaction avec un smartphone : Effets de la lumière sur la biomécanique posturale et l'apparition de troubles musculo-squelettiques

This study is based on the convergence of three fields: biomechanics, ergonomics and HMI in order to quantify and evaluate the effects of modification of the environmental conditions on the postural adaptations of the users that interact with the most popular media in the world: the smartphone and its touch screen. The aim of this thesis was to propose a quantification of the angular variables of the axial skeleton and upper limbs in order to determine the level of risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) occurring during the use of the smartphone. The first step consisted in defining the experimental frameworks representative of daily life by integrating a concept little discussed in the biomechanical field, the effects of light. The objective was to analyse the effects of combined settings between environmental luminosity and screen brightness on the posture adopted by users for three well-defined operating conditions, sitting with or without support for the upper limbs and standing, and for two frequent tasks, sending a message and browsing the Internet. In this context, a quantification of all the articular regions of the axial skeleton and the upper limb was conducted in order to objectify their involvement during interaction. Thus, the distance between the face and the touch screen appeared as a major invariant around which two kinematic chains, one consisting of the axial skeleton and the other of the upper limbs, work in synergy. In addition, interaction strategies depending on the light but also on other parameters, such as the task performed (text message or internet search) as well as the position of use (sitting with or without support or standing) were identified. A biomechanical index IBI has been proposed and allows the identification of the involvement of the trunk and neck in the overall posture. Finally, based on the objectification of postures, an ergonomic assessment using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was proposed in order to accurately quantify the MSDs risks associated with interaction with the smartphone. This analysis made it possible to establish recommendations on how to interact both on the hardware environment (upper limb supports) and on settings for the interface and external lighting. The aim is to alert smartphone users to the high level of risk of MSDs. Health starts with prevention.Ce travail est basé sur la convergence de trois domaines que sont la biomécanique, l’ergonomie et l’IHM afin de quantifier et d’évaluer les effets de la modification des conditions environnementales sur les adaptations posturales des utilisatrices(teurs) du média le plus utilisé dans le monde, le smartphone et son écran tactile. Le but de cette thèse a été de proposer une quantification des variables angulaires du squelette axial et des membres supérieurs afin de déterminer le niveau de risque d’apparition de troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) encouru lors de l’utilisation du smartphone. La première étape a consisté à la définition des cadres expérimentaux représentatifs de la vie quotidienne en intégrant une notion peu abordée dans le domaine de la biomécanique, les effets de la lumière. L’objectif a été d’analyser les effets des réglages mixtes entre la luminosité environnementale et la luminosité de l’écran sur la posture adoptée par les utilisatrices(teurs) pour trois conditions d’utilisation bien définies, assis avec ou sans support pour les membres supérieurs et debout, et pour deux tâches fréquentes, l’envoi d’un message et la navigation sur internet. Dans ce contexte, une quantification de l’ensemble des régions articulaires du squelette axial et du membre supérieur a été conduite afin d’objectiver leur implication durant l’interaction. Ainsi, la distance entre le visage et l’écran tactile est apparu en tant qu’invariant majeur autour duquel deux chaines cinématiques, une constituée du squelette axial et une autre des membres supérieurs, fonctionnent en synergie. De plus, des stratégies d’interaction en fonction de la lumière mais également d’autres paramètres, comme la tâche effectuée (message texte ou recherche internet) ainsi que la position d’utilisation (assis avec ou sans support ou debout) ont été identifiées. Un indice biomécanique IBI a été proposé et permet d’identifier la part d’implication du tronc et du cou dans la posture globale. Enfin, à partir de l’objectivation des postures, une évaluation ergonomique au moyen du Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) a été proposée afin de quantifier avec précision les risques de TMS associés à l’interaction avec le smartphone. Cette analyse a permis d’établir des recommandations sur la manière d’interagir tant sur l’environnement matériel (appuis pour le membres supérieurs) que sur des réglages de l’interface et de la luminosité extérieure. Le but est d’alerter sur le niveau de risque élevé d’apparition de TMS pour les utilisateurs(trices) de smartphone. La santé commence par la prévention