Autocuidado do cuidador informal de idosos em alguns países da América Latina: Revisão descritiva

Introduction: The family is responsible for the care of the elderly, giving rise to the informal caregiver. Objective: To describe the self-care of the informal caregiver of the elderly in some Latin American countries. Methodology: Descriptive review, on the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, Redalyc and Dialnet; analyzing full-text scientific articles of the last 13 years (2009-2022) in Spanish, English and Portuguese. Complementary documents related to the subject were searched on Web pages of national institutions of Latin American countries. Results: The analysis of the 25 scientific articles and 4 selected documents allowed to identify 4 axes: concepts of care, caregiver and types of caregivers; health of the informal caregiver of the elderly; theoretical basis of self-care and implementation of programs to care for the caregiver in some Latin American countries. Conclusions: It is evident that the self-care of caregivers of older people is decreased, directly affecting the health of this. Several Latin American countries support the informal caregiver, however, there is still much to be done for caregivers.Introducción: La familia es la responsable del cuidado a la persona mayor, lo que da origen al cuidador informal. Objetivo: Describir el autocuidado del cuidador informal de personas mayores en algunos países de Latinoamérica. Metodología: Revisión descriptiva en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, Redalyc y Dialnet, de artículos científicos a texto completo de los últimos 13 años (2009-2022) en idioma español, inglés y portugués; complementariamente se buscaron documentos referentes al tema en páginas web de instituciones nacionales de países latinoamericanos. Resultados: El análisis de los 25 artículos científicos y 4 documentos seleccionados permitieron identificar 4 ejes: conceptos de cuidado, cuidador y tipos de cuidadores; salud del cuidador informal de la persona mayor; base teórica del autocuidado, e implementación de programas para cuidar al cuidador en algunos países latinoamericanos. Conclusiones: Se evidencia que el autocuidado de los cuidadores de personas mayores está disminuido, lo que afecta directamente la salud de este. Varios países de Latinoamérica apoyan al cuidador informal, sin embargo, todavía hay mucho por hacer por las personas que cumplen la labor del cuidado.  Introdução: A família é responsável por cuidar do idoso, dando origem ao cuidador informal. Objetivo: Descrever o autocuidado do cuidador informal de idosos em alguns países da América Latina. Metodologia: Revisão descritiva nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, Redalyc e Dialnet; artigos científicos em texto completo dos últimos 13 anos (2009-2022) em espanhol, inglês e português; foram pesquisados ​​documentos complementares referentes ao assunto em páginas da Web de instituições nacionais de países da América Latina. Resultados: A análise dos 25 artigos científicos e 4 documentos selecionados permitiu identificar 4 eixos: conceitos de cuidado, cuidador e tipos de cuidadores; saúde do cuidador informal do idoso; base teórica do autocuidado e implementação de programas de cuidado ao cuidador em alguns países da América Latina. Conclusões: É evidente que o autocuidado dos cuidadores de idosos está diminuído, afetando diretamente sua saúde. Vários países da América Latina apoiam o cuidador informal, porém, ainda há muito a ser feito pelas pessoas que realizam o trabalho de cuidar

Systems Biology Perspectives for Studying Neurodevelopmental Events

Brain development follows a complex process orchestrated by diverse molecular and cellular events for which a perturbation can cause pathologies. In fact, multiple neuronal cell fate decisions driven by complex gene regulatory programs are involved in neurogenesis and neurodevelopment, and their characterization are part of the current challenges on neurobiology. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the various genomic strategies in use to explore the spatiotemporally defined gene regulatory wires implicated in brain development. Finally, we will discuss the intake of these approaches for understanding the multifactorial events implicated in neurodevelopment and the future requirements for further expanding our understanding of the brain

Lagrangian skeleton on the Gulf of Mexico oil spill

The understanding of the circulation of ocean currents, the exchange of CO2 between atmosphere and oceans, and the influence of the oceans on the distribution of heat on a global scale is key to our ability to predict and assess the future evolution of climate [1, 2]. Global climate change is affecting sea breathing through mechanisms not yet understood

A Lagrangian descriptor applied to the Kuroshio current

The understanding of the circulation of ocean currents, the exchange of CO2 between atmosphere and oceans, and the in uence of the oceans on the distribution of heat on a global scale is key to our ability to predict and assess the future evolution of climate

Lagrangian structure on the oil

The understanding of the circulation of ocean currents, the exchange of CO2 between atmosphere and oceans, and the influence of the oceans on the distribution of heat and momentum on a global scale is key to our ability to predict and assess the future evolution of climate

The Correlation framework: bridging the gap between modeling and analysis for 3D woven composites

International audienceA large variety of dierent descriptors can be employed for describing 3D woven composites. Each of them is targeted to a specic application, ranging from design, weaving, molding, impregnation down to non-destructive testing, imaging and numerical modeling of the actual micro-structure. In order to relate these dierent representations, it is proposed herewith to rely on the inherent weaving pattern as an intrinsic common feature, and to resort to images as a common language to guaranty the continuity of information. To connect these 3D images (either real or synthesized), Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) is called for in order to exploit the conservation of topology. A complete test scenario is devised in which dierent manufactured woven samples are compared to the theoretical textile arrangement. The results conrm the eectiveness of the method

Optimum community energy storage for end user applications

The UK government determined that 30% of the total electricity and 15% of the total energy should be generated from renewable sources by 2020 according to the Low Carbon Transition Plan. However, most renewable energy technologies are intermittent because they depend on weather conditions and they do not offer matching capability. Energy storage is attracting intensive attention as a technology which converts renewable energy technologies into a dispatchable product which meets variable demand loads. There is increasing interest for energy storage located very close to consumers which is able to augment the amount of local renewable generation consumed on site, provides demand side flexibility and helps to decarbonise the heating sector. This thesis optimises community energy storage (CES) for end user applications including battery, hydrogen and thermal storage performing PV energy time-shift, load shifting and the combination of them. The optimisation method obtains the economic benefits of CES by quantifying the levelised cost, levelised value and internal rate of return. The method follows a community approach and the optimum CES system was calculated as a function of the size of the community, from a single home to a 100-home community. A complimentary methodology was developed including three reference years (2012, 2020 and zero carbon year) to show the evolution of the economic benefits during the low carbon transition. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis including the key parameters which affect the performance and the economic benefits was developed. The community approach reduced the levelised cost down to 0.30 £/kWh and 0.14 £/kWh for PV energy time shift and load shifting respectively when projected to the year 2020. These values meant a cost reduction by 37% and 55% regarding a single home. A cost of the storage medium of 275 £/kWh for Li-ion batteries (equivalent to a 10% subsidy over the assumed cost, 310 £/kWh) is the break-even point for Li-ion batteries by 2020 for an electricity price equal to 16.3 p/kWh (R^2=0.6). Secondly, this thesis presents a new community hydrogen storage system integrated in a low carbon community and the experimental results when performing PV energy time-shift, load shifting and the combination of them. Long term ES was demonstrated when the community storage hydrogen system performed load shifting and the capacity factor of the electrolyser increased by 116% when PV energy time-shift was performed in addition to load shifting. This system was designed in collaboration with industrial partners and the key findings obtained during the construction and testing phases are shared

Cobertura, acceso y equidad universal en salud, una caracterización de la producción científica de enfermería

Objetivos: caracterizar la contribución científica que ha realizado la enfermería respecto a cobertura, acceso y equidad universal en salud y conocer esta producción en términos de sujetos y fenómenos de estudio. Material y métodos: investigación documental y transversal, cuya unidad de análisis fueron 97 revistas y 410 documentos recuperados de la categoría "Nursing" de la Web of Science. De los tesauros DeCS y Mesh, se aplicaron descriptores asociados a cobertura, acceso y equidad en salud. Se utilizaron indicadores y leyes bibliométricas y análisis de artículos más destacados según citas y colaboración. Resultados: la recuperación documental permitió observar 25 años de producción, una colaboración institucional e internacional del 31% y 7% respectivamente. La co-autoría promedio fue de 3.5, con un índice de transitoriedad del 93%. El índice de visibilidad fue del 67.7% y 4 revistas núcleo que concentran el 24.6% de la producción. Destaca una revisión de la categoría Nursing con 286 citas y una autora brasilera como la más productiva. Conclusiones: el colectivo de enfermería debe fortalecer futuras investigaciones en el tema definiendo líneas y sub-líneas de investigación, aumentar la internacionalización y construirla con la participación conjunta de la academia y la enfermería comunitaria.Objetivos: caracterizar a contribuição científica pela enfermagem em relação à cobertura, ao acesso e à equidade universal na saúde e conhecer essa produção, em termos de sujeitos e fenômenos de estudo. Material e Métodos: pesquisa documental e transversal, cuja unidade de análise foram 97 revistas e 410 documentos recuperados da categoria Nursing do Web of Science. Aplicaram-se descritores dos tesauros DeCS e Mesh, associados à cobertura, ao acesso e à equidade em saúde. Foram utilizados indicadores e regras bibliométricas e análise de artigos mais importantes em termos de citações e colaboração. Resultados: a recuperação de documentos permitiu observar 25 anos de produção, uma colaboração institucional e internacional de 31% e 7%, respectivamente. A coautoria média foi de 3,5, com uma taxa de transitoriedade de 93%. O índice de visibilidade foi de 67,7% e 4 revistas-núcleo concentram 24,6% da produção. Destacam-se uma revisão da categoria Nursing, com 286 citações, e uma autora brasileira como a mais produtiva. Conclusões: o coletivo de Enfermagem deve reforçar futuras investigações sobre o tema, definindo linhas e sublinhas de pesquisa, ampliar a internacionalização e construí-la com a participação conjunta da academia e da enfermagem comunitária.Objectives: to characterize the scientific contribution nursing has made regarding coverage, universal access and equity in health, and to understand this production in terms of subjects and objects of study. Material and methods: this was cross-sectional, documentary research; the units of analysis were 97 journals and 410 documents, retrieved from the Web of Science in the category, "nursing". Descriptors associated to coverage, access and equity in health, and the Mesh thesaurus, were applied. We used bibliometric laws and indicators, and analyzed the most important articles according to amount of citations and collaboration. Results: the document retrieval allowed for 25 years of observation of production, an institutional and an international collaboration of 31% and 7%, respectively. The mean number of coauthors per article was 3.5, with a transience rate of 93%. The visibility index was 67.7%, and 24.6% of production was concentrated in four core journals. A review from the nursing category with 286 citations, and a Brazilian author who was the most productive, are issues worth highlighting. Conclusions: the nursing collective should strengthen future research on the subject, defining lines and sub-lines of research, increasing internationalization and building it with the joint participation of the academy and nursing community

Formulación y evaluación de proyecto, para el financiamiento de una fundación de beneficencia sin fines de lucro mediante el reciclaje

194 p.En la actualidad existe un problema común de los países que están en vía de desarrollo, el cual es lograr una mentalidad consciente con el cuidado del medio ambiente por parte de la población y sobre todo de las grandes empresas e industrias que son los principales contaminantes. Específicamente en la Región del Maule las principales fuentes generadoras de residuos urbanos son las ciudades de Talca, Curicó, Linares y Cauquenes, con residuos provenientes de constructoras, ferias libres y hogares. Aproximadamente el 70% de este tipo de residuos son aptos para ser reciclados, pero en la actualidad no existen mecanismos de aprovechamiento ya que estos residuos son recolectados, trasportados y dispuestos en relleno sanitario. Hoy en día se puede observar una mayor responsabilidad frente a estos problemas ambientales, las regiones han realizado campañas masivas para que cada ciudadano comprenda, coopere y apoye con sus acciones diarias de reciclar y de esta manera fortalecer el reciclaje en la ciudad de Talca se plantea la siguiente solución: llevar a cabo una planificación en donde se van a desarrollar varias actividades estratégicas para concretar una propuesta de proyecto reciclable comunitario en la ciudad con el fin de crear una Fundación en donde se utilice dicho reciclaje para recaudar fondos y utilizarlos en ayuda social con el fin de contribuir de una manera positiva a la sociedad vulnerable. Palabras Claves: Reciclaje, residuos sólidos, evaluación de proyecto./ ABSTRACT: There is now a common problem of the countries that are developing, which is to achieve a conscious mind with caring for the environment by the population and especially of large companies and industries that are major pollutants. Specifically in the Maule region the main sources of urban waste are the cities of Talca, Curicó, Linares and Cauquenes, with waste from construction, street markets and homes. Approximately 70% of this waste is suitable for recycling, but there are currently no mechanisms for exploitation since these wastes are collected, transported and disposed at landfill. Today he can see greater accountability to these environmental problems, the regions have made massive so that every citizen understands campaigns, cooperate and support with their daily actions to recycle and thereby strengthen recycling in the city of Talca arises the following solution: carry out planning where they will develop a number of strategic activities to finalize a proposal for Community recyclable project in the city in order to create a foundation where such recycling is used to raise funds and use them in social assistance in order to contribute positively to the vulnerable society. Keywords: recycling, solid waste project evaluatio

Perceived parenting styles and adjustment during emerging adulthood: a cross-national perspective

The aim of the present study is to determine whether the influence of parenting style on children’s wellbeing is sustained during emerging adulthood. This is a stage in which young people, despite feeling themselves to be adults, often remain in the family home and continue to be financially dependent on their parents. Moreover, since parents’ beliefs, attitudes and behaviors are constructed and interpreted within their cultural milieu, the study also aims to explore the situation in Spain (SP) and Portugal (PT). Those two Southern Europe countries are representative of what is known as the “family welfare regime”, in which the family acts as the main provider of care and security not only during childhood, but also during emerging adulthood. Thus, the present study examines, from a cross-cultural perspective, the relationship between perceived parenting styles and psychological adjustment among a sample of 1047 emerging adults from Spain and Portugal. The results reveal that the most beneficial styles during this stage are the authoritative and permissive ones, with the authoritarian style being more closely related to psychological distress. The study highlights intercultural similarities and the positive role played by more symmetrical relationships in the adjustment of emerging adults in both countries.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad EDU2013-45687-RMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad RTI2018-097405-B-I0