Se abre el telón: se transforman las emociones

En la actualidad se hace necesario apoyar desde al arte a los estudiantes en su formación emocional pues este se convierte en un elemento socializador y catalizador de posibles conmociones a nivel tanto escolar como familiar. Desde el Ministerio de Educación el área de artística se proyecta con más fuerza desde hace algunos años y cobra vital importancia considerando que la educación integral se logra con niños y niñas motivados, y es el arte y en especial la cátedra escolar de teatro que permite que los educandos se expresen desde todos los ámbitos artísticos, debido a que el teatro reúne la música, la plástica, la danza y la actuación en una gran estrategia didáctica, pretendiendo que cada estudiante potencialice sus talentos y capacidades por medio de la lúdica. Desde el contexto anterior, se pretende que este PID contribuya de manera significativa en la solución de conflictos y situaciones emocionales escolares en el grado tercero y que se refleje a sus familias y a su propio ser, a través de una metodología basada en talleres teatrales que incluyan el trabajo colaborativo y de esta manera traer a la conciencia de los niños y niñas sus acciones y las repercusiones sobre los demás y sobre sí mismos, por medio de actividades que involucren el manejo de emociones, con base en un proceso reflexivo que redunde en pro de las relaciones inter e intrapersonales para una sana convivencia.Nowadays it is necessary to support from the art to the students in their emotional formation, it becomes a socializing element and a catalyst for possible upheavals at both school and family levels. From the Ministry of Education the artistic area is projected with force for some years and it becomes vital considering that comprehensive education is achieved with motivated children. Through art and especially the school chair of theater allows students to express themselves from all artistic fields. The theater brings together music, visual art; dance and acting in a great didactic strategy, pretending that each student potentialize their talents and abilities through the playful. From the previous context, it is pretended that PID program “Disciplinary Intervention Proposal”, contribute to the solution of conflicts and school situations in third grade and that reflects their families and their own being, through a methodology based on theatrical workshops that include collaborative work, in this way it brings to the consciousness of the boys and girls their actions and the repercussions on others and on themselves. Through activities that involve the management of emotions, with a reflective process in personal relationships for healthy coexistence

Matemáticas en contexto

El libro compila estrategias didácticas derivadas del programa de formación complementario escritas por instructores técnicos de diferentes regionales del país, describe la forma en que se incorpora el conocimiento matemático en campos específicos de diferentes áreas de formación laboral basado en las teorías didácticas y reflexiones pedagógicas de instructores.The book compiles the didactic strategies derived from the complementary training program by the technical instructors of the regional media of the country, describes the way in which mathematical knowledge is incorporated in the fields of different areas of work training based on theories didactic and pedagogical reflections of instructors.Consideraciones frente al aprendizaje de las matemáticas -- Perspectiva constructivista -- Teoría de las situaciones didácticas -- Modelación matemática -- Mediación tecnológica -- Pensamiento numérico variacional -- Pensamiento numérico -- Pensamiento variacional -- Diseño de modelo matemático con aplicación de costos de producción -- Modelo matemático del consumo de gas en un artefacto afectado por su presión de trabajo -- Planeación de la producción agrícola: Caso plan óptimo de siembra que permita alcanzar la máxima rentabilidad del cultivo -- Estudio del Álgebra de Boole -- Diseño de un modelo de inventarios para una pequeña empresa de calzado de dotación -- Estudio de la Ley de Ohm mediante herramienta interactiva -- Pensamiento métrico-geométrico -- Pensamiento geométrico -- Pensamiento métrico -- Caso de optimización de recursos en el sector industrial de la confección -- Optimización de espacios para huertas urbanas -- Optimización de los costos del espacio de almacenamiento en microempresas y pequeñas empresas de acuerdo con las normas de seguridad vigentes -- Unidad de medida métrica para confección de ropa exterior femenina -- Optimización de recursos aplicando el proceso administrativo -- Pensamiento aleatorio -- Estadística Básica para Articulación con la Media -- Evaluación del impacto de la accidentalidad en la implementación del Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (sg-sst) por medio de indicadores -- Identificar los aspectos de la declaración de renta para una persona natural no obligada a llevar contabilidad -- Fortalecimiento de la estadística: caso de las unidades productivas del Centro de Biotecnología Agropecuaria -- Estadística dinámica -- Resultados preliminaresna[270 páginas

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain : Large-Scale Epidemiological Study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD-Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)-during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100,000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31-56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery

Consenso colombiano de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

La Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EEI) es un término con el que se conocen varias entidades, las dos más importantes: la colitis ulcerativa idiopática (CUI) y la enfermedad de Crohn (EC), cuyo origen es multifactorial y se caracterizan por un fenómeno inflamatorio, crónico, recurrente, con diferentes grados de severidad del tubo digestivo; pero, además con afectación potencial de otros órganos. En la última década ha habido un renovado interés en dichas entidades, debido a un auge en medicamentos novedosos; a pesar de lo cual estas siguen siendo incurables. Lo anterior asociado a una incidencia creciente de dicha patología en nuestro país nos obliga tanto científica como moralmente a convocar a un panel de expertos para elaborar unos lineamientos básicos en el enfoque y manejo de la EEI. OBJETIVOS 1. Desarrollar un consenso adaptado a nuestro medio, basado en documentación científica de la mejor calidad disponible para el enfoque diagnóstico y el manejo médico y quirúrgico. 2. Publicar y difundir dichos lineamentos tanto a la comunidad científica como al público en general a través de foros especializados, y medios de comunicación de alta penetración. 3. Elaborar y divulgar el consenso en forma de suplemento de la Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterología, el 8 de diciembre de 2011, en medio del congreso de ACADI (Asociación Colombiana de Asociaciones del Aparato Digestivo); es el mejor homenaje que el panel multidisciplinario de expertos le puede rendir a dicho evento; pero más importante aún es el reconocimiento que se le hace a los pacientes que padecen de dicha patología en nuestro país, quienes en últimas son nuestra razón de ser. METODOLOGÍA 1. Se invitaron médicos especialistas (Clínicos y quirúrgicos), líderes de opinión e industria farmacéutica nacional, cuyo área de interés y de trabajo es la EEI. 2. Se separó y manejó independientemente desde el principio la CUI de la EC. A su vez, se dividió cada entidad por módulos, con base en el método de panel de Delphi, se nombró un coordinador por cada uno de ellos, el cual se encargó de analizar junto con su equipo la literatura, para extraer el nivel de evidencia clínica y así emitir unos conceptos preliminares. Posteriormente, todo el panel de expertos se reunió en varias jornadas y conjuntamente se revisó nuevamente la evidencia clínica y conclusiones de los diferentes módulos homogenizándolas y de una manera concertada se formularon las recomendaciones definitivas.Q4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-4548Revista Nacional - Indexad

Local hydrological conditions influence tree diversity and composition across the Amazon basin

Tree diversity and composition in Amazonia are known to be strongly determined by the water supplied by precipitation. Nevertheless, within the same climatic regime, water availability is modulated by local topography and soil characteristics (hereafter referred to as local hydrological conditions), varying from saturated and poorly drained to well-drained and potentially dry areas. While these conditions may be expected to influence species distribution, the impacts of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity and composition remain poorly understood at the whole Amazon basin scale. Using a dataset of 443 1-ha non-flooded forest plots distributed across the basin, we investigate how local hydrological conditions influence 1) tree alpha diversity, 2) the community-weighted wood density mean (CWM-wd) – a proxy for hydraulic resistance and 3) tree species composition. We find that the effect of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity depends on climate, being more evident in wetter forests, where diversity increases towards locations with well-drained soils. CWM-wd increased towards better drained soils in Southern and Western Amazonia. Tree species composition changed along local soil hydrological gradients in Central-Eastern, Western and Southern Amazonia, and those changes were correlated with changes in the mean wood density of plots. Our results suggest that local hydrological gradients filter species, influencing the diversity and composition of Amazonian forests. Overall, this study shows that the effect of local hydrological conditions is pervasive, extending over wide Amazonian regions, and reinforces the importance of accounting for local topography and hydrology to better understand the likely response and resilience of forests to increased frequency of extreme climate events and rising temperatures

Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict thatmost of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

AimAmazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types.LocationAmazonia.TaxonAngiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots).MethodsData for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny.ResultsIn the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types.Main ConclusionNumerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (&gt;66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions