1,105 research outputs found
Aggregate Corn Area Response Under Risk: Some Implications for Price Stabilization Programs
Investigation of the corn revenue risk of Filipino farmers indicates their vulnerability to wide variability in domestic and world prices. Given the imperfect market and heavy dependence of farmers on trader’s price information, it is important to incorporate risk in any modeling attempts on the farmers’ cultivation areas.stabilization program, rice commodities, rice farm, corn and corn products, risk
Effect of Loss on Multiplexed Single-Photon Sources
An on-demand single-photon source is a key requirement for scaling many
optical quantum technologies. A promising approach to realize an on-demand
single-photon source is to multiplex an array of heralded single-photon sources
using an active optical switching network. However, the performance of
multiplexed sources is degraded by photon loss in the optical components and
the non-unit detection efficiency of the heralding detectors. We provide a
theoretical description of a general multiplexed single-photon source with
lossy components and derive expressions for the output probabilities of
single-photon emission and multi-photon contamination. We apply these
expressions to three specific multiplexing source architectures and consider
their tradeoffs in design and performance. To assess the effect of lossy
components on near- and long-term experimental goals, we simulate the
multiplexed sources when used for many-photon state generation under various
amounts of component loss. We find that with a multiplexed source composed of
switches with ~0.2-0.4 dB loss and high efficiency number-resolving detectors,
a single-photon source capable of efficiently producing 20-40 photon states
with low multi-photon contamination is possible, offering the possibility of
unlocking new classes of experiments and technologies.Comment: Journal versio
Influential Article Review - Towards a Trade Gateway Channel of Free Ports
This paper examines logistics. We present insights from a highly influential paper. Here are the highlights from this paper: Free ports are a form of territorial exceptionalism that has existed for centuries and become an important paradigm of globalization. In the contemporary setting, they act as transportation, logistics and trade platforms, using their territorial exceptionalism as a competitive advantage. Free ports such as Hong Kong, Singapore and Dubai are among the world’s leading commercial gateways, offering a form of leverage to transactions, transportation and the transformation of material goods. The historical evolution of free ports underlines a growing complexification and specialization that has led to a multitude of models, each fitting a specific regulatory and operational framework. This paper aims rationalizing the complexity of free ports. It is based on a wide array of empirical observations and an analysis of structure, function and evolution of free ports. Collected free ports data enabled the identification of three constitutive factors of evolution: an external factor (the jurisdiction), an internal factor (the services provided) and a linking factor (the orientation of flows). Based on these three factors a model of free ports was designed with a typology of thirteen types of free ports, an explanation of their evolution, and their future prospects. For our overseas readers, we then present the insights from this paper in Spanish, French, Portuguese, and German
Nucleation, solvation and boiling of helium excimer clusters
Helium excimers generated by a corona discharge were investigated in the gas
and normal liquid phases of helium as a function of temperature and pressure
between 3.8 and 5.0 K and 0.2 and 5.6 bar. Intense fluorescence in the visible
region showed the rotationally resolved
transition of He. With increasing pressure, the rotational lines merged
into single features. The observed pressure dependence of linewidths, shapes
and lineshifts established phases of coexistence and separation of
excimer-helium mixtures, providing detailed insight into nucleation, solvation
and boiling of He-He clusters.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
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Why do Large Animals Never Actuate Their Jumps with Latch-Mediated Springs? Because They can Jump Higher Without Them.
As animals get smaller, their ability to generate usable work from muscle contraction is decreased by the muscle's force-velocity properties, thereby reducing their effective jump height. Very small animals use a spring-actuated system, which prevents velocity effects from reducing available energy. Since force-velocity properties reduce the usable work in even larger animals, why don't larger animals use spring-actuated jumping systems as well? We will show that muscle length-tension properties limit spring-actuated systems to generating a maximum one-third of the possible work that a muscle could produce-greatly restricting the jumping height of spring-actuated jumpers. Thus a spring-actuated jumping animal has a jumping height that is one-third of the maximum possible jump height achievable were 100% of the possible muscle work available. Larger animals, which could theoretically use all of the available muscle energy, have a maximum jumping height that asymptotically approaches a value that is about three times higher than that of spring-actuated jumpers. Furthermore, a size related "crossover point" is evident for these two jumping mechanisms: animals smaller than this point can jump higher with a spring-actuated mechanism, while animals larger than this point can jump higher with a muscle-actuated mechanism. We demonstrate how this limit on energy storage is a consequence of the interaction between length-tension properties of muscles and spring stiffness. We indicate where this crossover point occurs based on modeling and then use jumping data from the literature to validate that larger jumping animals generate greater jump heights with muscle-actuated systems than spring-actuated systems
The General Education Curriculum in the Philippines: A Policy Analysis
Due to the fast pace changes and impact of globalization and technological advancement, this is a significant challenge to the educational system. More importantly, the students, the faculty, the institution, the school administration, and the stakeholders have something to think over. Internationalizing the curriculum in the local context is a predicament that the government must address for students to be globally competitive and ready for the challenges of tomorrow. This particular paper analyzed the Philippine General Education Curriculum (GEC). The analysis of this paper resulted in two policy options which provided a comprehensive discussion regarding the ramifications of implementing the new general education curriculum in higher education institutions. Afterward, the paper also shared a SWOT and stakeholders' analysis to provide practical ideas and perspectives for school administrators to consider timely decision-making and school management. Finally, this paper offered some relevant recommendations for future references
Viscoelastic materials are most energy efficient when loaded and unloaded at equal rates
Biological springs can be used in nature for energy conservation and
ultra-fast motion. The loading and unloading rates of elastic materials can
play an important role in determining how the properties of these springs
affect movements. We investigate the mechanical energy efficiency of biological
springs (American bullfrog plantaris tendon) and synthetic elastomers under
symmetric rates (equal loading and unloading durations) and asymmetric rates
(unequal loading and unloading durations) using novel dynamic mechanical
analysis measurements. We find that mechanical efficiency is highest at
symmetric rates and significantly decreases with a larger degree of asymmetry.
A generalized Maxwell model with no fitting parameters captures the
experimental results based on the independently-characterized linear
viscoelastic properties of the materials. The model further shows that a
broader viscoelastic relaxation spectrum enhances the effect of rate-asymmetry
on efficiency. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the interplay
between material properties and unloading dynamics in both biological and
synthetic elastic systems.Comment: main text: 9 pages, 5 figures; supplemental information: 10 pages, 7
figure
Relative multiplexing for minimizing switching in linear-optical quantum computing
Many existing schemes for linear-optical quantum computing (LOQC) depend on
multiplexing (MUX), which uses dynamic routing to enable near-deterministic
gates and sources to be constructed using heralded, probabilistic primitives.
MUXing accounts for the overwhelming majority of active switching demands in
current LOQC architectures. In this manuscript, we introduce relative
multiplexing (RMUX), a general-purpose optimization which can dramatically
reduce the active switching requirements for MUX in LOQC, and thereby reduce
hardware complexity and energy consumption, as well as relaxing demands on
performance for various photonic components. We discuss the application of RMUX
to the generation of entangled states from probabilistic single-photon sources,
and argue that an order of magnitude improvement in the rate of generation of
Bell states can be achieved. In addition, we apply RMUX to the proposal for
percolation of a 3D cluster state in [PRL 115, 020502 (2015)], and we find that
RMUX allows a 2.4x increase in loss tolerance for this architecture.Comment: Published version, New Journal of Physics, Volume 19, June 201
Active Temporal Multiplexing of Photons
Photonic qubits constitute a leading platform to disruptive quantum
technologies due to their unique low-noise properties. The cost of the photonic
approach is the non-deterministic nature of many of the processes, including
single-photon generation, which arises from parametric sources and negligible
interaction between photons. Active temporal multiplexing - repeating a
generation process in time and rerouting to single modes using an optical
switching network - is a promising approach to overcome this challenge and will
likely be essential for large-scale applications with greatly reduced resource
complexity and system sizes. Requirements include the precise synchronization
of a system of low-loss switches, delay lines, fast photon detectors, and
feed-forward. Here we demonstrate temporal multiplexing of 8 'bins' from a
double-passed heralded photon source and observe an increase in the heralding
and heralded photon rates. This system points the way to harnessing temporal
multiplexing in quantum technologies, from single-photon sources to large-scale
computation.Comment: Minor revision
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