El asentamiento de Valencina en el III milenio a.n.e. Sistema de Información Geográfica y Análisis Espacial de un Recinto de Fosos

TesinaEl desarrollo de este trabajo ha intentado ser lo más completo posible y para ello incluso hemos arrancado el mismo con un primer capítulo en el que disertábamos sobre como enfrentarnos a la investigación del yacimiento de Valencina, sin victimismo, asumiendo nuestra parte de responsabilidad y construyendo para cambiar. En el capítulo 2 contamos como entendemos un proceso de investigación, desde el dato hasta el conocimiento, pasando por la información; y como entender el paso del contexto momento al contexto arqueológico (la formación del registro arqueológico) y viceversa (la interpretación de dicho registro). Nuestro camino seguía por los derroteros metodológicos. Así, en el capítulo 3 expusimos como habíamos obtenido los datos, como construimos la nformación desde ellos y como generamos el conocimiento desde una teoría inicial de partida y la integración de la información. Para ello dedicamos un amplio apartado a esbozar la base fundamental de nuestra metodología y una de las “armas” más importantes que han llevado a buen fin este trabajo: los Sistemas de Información Geográfica y las Bases de Datos Relacionales. A partir del capítulo 4 nos enfrentamos directamente con la realidad arqueológica de Valencina. Primero recopilando los datos de las intervenciones arqueológicas realizadas, exponiendo el estado de las fuentes de datos y reinterpretando o corrigiendo algunos aspectos con los que nos estábamos de acuerdo. En resumen adecuando nuestro modelo de datos a sus vicisitudes y atributos e introduciéndolos en nuestro Sistema de Información. En el capítulo 5 afrontamos la primera tarea importante en cuento a la construcción de información útil y válida partiendo de los datos obtenidos y sistematizados en nuestra Base de Datos. Analizamos la gestión de la administración en la documentación del yacimiento y calculamos la validez de esa documentación de cara al trabajo que afrontábamos. También fabricamos la cartografía base y temática y llevamos a cabo un análisis espacial para detectar posibles patrones de distribución de las estructuras arqueológicas. Y dedicamos un amplio apartado al “fenómeno” de los fosos, que tan importantes van a resultar en nuestras conclusiones y en el conocimiento aportado. Y ese conocimiento se aportó en el capítulo 6 en el que hicimos una propuesta de delimitación del yacimiento, demostramos la separación en dos áreas: asentamiento ynecrópolis; y planteamos la posibilidad de zonificación interna a base de la especialización de ciertas estructuras en el espacio, así como planteamos nuestra propuesta acerca de los “recintos de fosos” existentes en Valencina

Inquiring some megaliths at the province of Sevilla

Hemos seleccionado una serie de necrópolis en la provincia de Sevilla en áreas distintas y distantes con la intención de captar diferencias de entidades sociales y aproximarnos a entender el cambio cultual de los enterramientos colectivos a los individuales.From series of necropolis at the province of Sevilla we have chosen some, located in different and distant places, with the aim of spotting the dissimilarities between social classes and trying to explain the cult evolution from communal graves to individual burials

Chronology of the Prehistory in the Iberian Peninsula and Geographic Information Systems in the Archaeological Record

Esta contribución da a conocer un proyecto colaborativo que combina un repositorio C14 de la Prehistoria de la Península Ibérica y un Sistema de Información Arqueológica Compartida -SIAC-. Está estructurada en cinco apartados: génesis, construcción, visor, reflexión, explotación y un caso práctico: el análisis de las cavidades con registros funerarios. El proyecto ofrece hoy más de 8.400 dataciones de carbono 14 de la Península Ibérica (y de Baleares), sobre la que es posible realizar búsquedas complejas cuyas respuestas se devuelven para un consumo libre. Se accede al repositorio desde dos direcciones web: https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14 y http://arqgeogis. us.es/siac/. Como proyecto colaborativo cualquier usuario puede proponer modificar o añadir nuevas dataciones. Además se aprovechan las fortalezas del software GIS para ofrecer salidas cartográficas de las consultas. Informamos las características del repositorio y reflexionamos sobre su potencialThe text presents a collaborative project that combines a C14 database of the Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula and the Shared Archaeological Information System -SIAC-. It is structured in five sections: genesis, construction, visor, reflection and exploitation and a case study: the analysis of caves with funeral records. The project offers, today, more than 8,400 c14 dates from the Iberian Peninsula (and the Balearic Islands): complex queries are possible, offering the answers in standard formats for use by the researcher. The database is accessed from two web addresses: https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14 and http://arqgeogis.us.es/SIAC/. It is a collaborative project, and any user can propose new dates or make changes. On the other hand, thanks to GIS software, cartographic outputs of the queries are offered. We also inform about the characteristics of the repository and we reflect on its potentia

The maternal genetic make-up of the Iberian Peninsula between the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age

Agriculture first reached the Iberian Peninsula around 5700 BCE. However, little is known about the genetic structure and changes of prehistoric populations in different geographic areas of Iberia. In our study, we focus on the maternal genetic makeup of the Neolithic (~ 5500–3000 BCE), Chalcolithic (~ 3000–2200 BCE) and Early Bronze Age (~ 2200–1500 BCE). We report ancient mitochondrial DNA results of 213 individuals (151 HVS-I sequences) from the northeast, central, southeast and southwest regions and thus on the largest archaeogenetic dataset from the Peninsula to date. Similar to other parts of Europe, we observe a discontinuity between hunter-gatherers and the first farmers of the Neolithic. During the subsequent periods, we detect regional continuity of Early Neolithic lineages across Iberia, however the genetic contribution of hunter-gatherers is generally higher than in other parts of Europe and varies regionally. In contrast to ancient DNA findings from Central Europe, we do not observe a major turnover in the mtDNA record of the Iberian Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age, suggesting that the population history of the Iberian Peninsula is distinct in character.Concerning research in the Alto Ribatejo, authors wish to thank Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia the support of research on the dawn of farming in the Tagus valley (project “Moving Tasks Accross Shapes” – PTDC/EPH-ARQ/4356/2014), as well as the Geosciences Centre of Coimbra University (strategic project UID/Multi/00073/2013). This study was funded by the German Research Foundation (Grant no. Al 287/14–1)

A Benchmark White Dwarf-Ultracool Dwarf Wide Field Binary

© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/We present the discovery and multi-wavelength characterisation of VVV J1438-6158 AB, a new field wide-binary system consisting of a 4.6(+5.5-2.4) Gyr and Teff = 9500+/-125 K DA white dwarf (WD) and a Teff = 2400+/-50 K M8 ultracool dwarf (UCD). The projected separation of the system is a = 1236.73 au (~13.8"), and although along the line-of-sight towards the Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen) stellar association, VVV J1438-6158 AB is likely to be a field star, from a kinematic 6D probabilistic analysis. We estimated the physical, and dynamical parameters of both components via interpolations with theoretical models and evolutionary tracks, which allowed us to retrieve a mass of 0.62+/-0.18 MSun for the WD, and a mass of 98.5+/-6.2 MJup (~0.094+/-0.006 MSun) for the UCD. The radii of the two components were also estimated at 0.01309+/-0.0003 RSun and 1.22+/-0.05 RJup, respectively. VVV J1438-6158 AB stands out as a benchmark system for comprehending the evolution of WDs and low-mass companions given its status as one of the most widely separated WD+UCD systems known to date, which likely indicates that both components may have evolved independently of each other, and also being characterised by a large mass-ratio (q = 0.15+/-0.04), which likely indicates a formation pathway similar to that of stellar binary systems.Peer reviewe

Photogrammetry (SfM) vs Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) for archaeological excavations: mosaic of Cantillana (Spain) as a case study

The discovery of a Roman mosaic from the 2nd century AD in Cantillana (Seville) generated interest and the need for exhaustive documentation, so that it could be recreated with real measurements in a 3D model, not only to obtain an exact replica, but with the intention of analyzing and studying the behavior of two main geomatics techniques. Thus, the objective of this study was the comparative analysis of both techniques: near object photogrammetry by SfM and terrestrial laser scanner or TLS. The aim of this comparison was to assess the use of both techniques in archaeological excavations. Special attention was paid to the accuracy and precision of measurements and models, especially in altimetry. Mosaics are frequently relocated from their original location to be exhibited in museums or for restoration work, after which they are returned to their original place. Therefore, the altimetric situation is of special relevance. To analyze the accuracy and errors of each technique, a total station was used to establish the real values of the ground control points (GCP) on which the comparisons of both methods were to be made. It can be concluded that the SfM technique was the most accurate and least limiting for use in semi-buried archaeological excavations. This manuscript opens new perspectives for the use of SfM-based photogrammetry in archaeological excavations

The case of a southern European glacier disappearing under recent warming that survived Roman and Medieval warm periods

Mountain glaciers have generally experienced an accelerated retreat over the last three decades as a rapid response to current global warming. However, the response to previous warm periods in the Holocene is not well-described for glaciers of the of southern Europe mountain ranges, such as the Pyrenees. The situation during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (900-1300 CE) is particularly relevant since it is not certain whether the glaciers just experienced significant ice loss or whether they actually disappeared. We present here the first chronological study of a glacier located in the Central Pyrenees (N Spain), the Monte Perdido Glacier (MPG), carried out by different radiochronological techniques and their comparison with geochemical proxies with neighboring paleoclimate records. The result of the chronological model proves that the glacier endured during the Roman Period and the Medieval Climate Anomaly. The lack of ice from last 600 years indicates that the ice formed during the Little Ice Age has melted away. The analyses of the content of several metals of anthropogenic origin, such as Zn, Se, Cd, Hg, Pb, appear in low amounts in MPG ice, which further supports our age model in which the record from the industrial period is lost. This study confirms the exceptional warming of the last decades in the context of last two millennia. We demonstrate that we are facing an unprecedented retreat of the 55 Pyrenean glaciers which survival is compromised beyond a few decades

Protective Role of the Interleukin 33 rs3939286 Gene Polymorphism in the Development of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the interleukin-33 (IL-33)-interleukin-1 receptor like 1 (IL-1RL1) signaling pathway is implicated in the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: A total of 576 Spanish RA patients from Northern Spain were genotyped for 6 well-known IL33-IL1RL1 polymorphisms (IL33 rs3939286, IL33 rs7025417, IL33 rs7044343, IL1RL1 rs2058660, IL1RL1 rs2310173 and IL1RL1 rs13015714) by TaqMan genotyping assay. The presence of subclinical atherosclerosis was determined by the assessment of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) by carotid ultrasound (US). RESULTS: RA patients carrying the TT genotype of the IL33 rs3939286 polymorphism had lower cIMT values than those homozygous for the CC genotype (mean ± standard deviation (SD): 0.71 ± 0.14 mm versus 0.76 ± 0.16 mm, respectively) while patients carrying the CT genotype had intermediate cIMT values (mean ± SD: 0.73 ± 0.17 mm). Moreover, RA patients carrying the mutant allele T of the IL33 rs3939286 polymorphism exhibited significantly lower cIMT values than those carrying the wild allele C (mean ± SD: 0.72 ± 0.16 mm versus 0.75 ± 0.18 mm respectively; p = 0.04). The association of both genotype and allele frequencies of IL33 rs3939286 and cIMT levels remained statistically significant after adjustment for sex, age at the time of US study, follow-up and center (p = 0.006 and p = 0.0023, respectively), evidencing that the potential effect conferred by IL33 rs3939286 may be independent of confounder factors. No association with other IL33-IL1RL1 genetic variants was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results may suggest a potential protective effect of the IL33 rs3939286 allele T in the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with RA

Vaspin in atherosclerotic disease and cardiovascular risk in axial spondyloarthritis: a genetic and serological study

Background: Vaspin is a novel anti-inflammatory adipokine associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease and inflammation in chronic inflammatory conditions different from axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Given the high incidence of CV disease (mainly due to accelerated atherosclerosis) exhibited by axSpA patients, we wondered if vaspin could also be a key molecule in this process. However, data on the role of vaspin regarding atherosclerotic disease in the context of axSpA is scarce. For this reason, we aimed to evaluate the implication of vaspin, at the genetic and serological level, in subclinical atherosclerosis and CV risk in axSpA. Methods: This study included 510 patients diagnosed with axSpA. Carotid ultrasound (US) was performed to evaluate the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis. Three vaspin gene variants (rs2236242, rs7159023, and rs35262691) were genotyped by TaqMan probes. Serum vaspin levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA® v.11.1. Results: Serum vaspin levels were significantly higher in female patients than in males and also in obese patients when compared to those with normal weight (p < 0.05). At the genetic level, we disclosed that the minor allele of rs2236242 (A) was associated with lower serum vaspin levels in axSpA, while the rs7159023 minor allele (A) was linked to higher serum levels (p < 0.05). When the three polymorphisms assessed were combined conforming haplotypes, we disclosed that the TGC haplotype related to high serum levels of vaspin (p = 0.01). However, no statistically significant association was observed between vaspin and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, both at the genetic and serological level. Conclusions: Our results revealed that vaspin is linked to CV risk factors that may influence on the atherosclerotic process in axSpA. Additionally, we disclosed that serum vaspin concentration is genetically modulated in a large cohort of patients with axSpA.This work was partially supported by funds of a NEXT-VAL grant (NVAL17/10) (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IDIVAL) awarded to FG. RL-M is a recipient of a Miguel Servet type I programme fellowship (grant CP16/00033) from the “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (ISCIII) and co-funded by the European Social Fund, ESF). SR-M is supported by funds of the RETICS Program (RD16/0012/0009) from ISCIII and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund. VP-C is supported by a pre-doctoral grant from IDIVAL (PREVAL18/01). LL-G is supported by funds of a Miguel Servet type I programme fellowship from ISCIII (grant CP16/00033, co-funded by the ESF). OG is beneficiary of a grant funded by Xunta de Galicia, Consellería de Educación, Universidade e Formación Profesional and Consellería de Economía, Emprego e Industria (GAIN), GPC IN607B2019/10