Composition and potential of <i>Tanacetum haussknechtii</i> Bornm. Grierson as antioxidant and inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and α-amylase enzymes

<p>The phytochemical composition of essential oils and extracts of <i>Tanacetum haussknechtii</i> were investigated with GC–FID–MS and LC–MS/MS techniques and evaluated against oxidation, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and α-amylase enzymes. The major volatile constituents of <i>T. haussknectii</i> were found to be α- and β-pinene, and borneol. Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and flavonoids were detected in the aqueous, alcohol, and ethyl acetate extracts. In DPPH assay, the methanol extracts exhibited the highest activity. TEAC assay resulted with superiority of all methanol and the capitula ethyl acetate extract. In β-carotene bleaching assay, linoleic acid was the best protected by the ethyl acetate extract of flower. The flower oil inhibited higher acetylcholinesterase activity than the remaining extracts. The flower ethyl acetate extract was found as the most effective inhibitor of α-amylase. The herb and the leaf+stem water extracts possess highest inhibitory effect on tyrosinase.</p

Phytochemicals, antioxidant, and antityrosinase activities of <i>Achillea sivasica</i> Çelik and Akpulat

<p>The present study is the first report on essential oil (EO) composition, phytochemicals, and biological potential of <i>Achillea sivasica</i> tested against free radicals, oxidative damage, and tyrosinase enzyme. Gas-Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses revealed that β-pinene (11.5%, 9.3%, and 6.7%), β-pinene (7.0%, 3.0%, and 6.9%), 1,8-cineole (18.0%, 22.1%, and 6.7%), and camphor (7.6%, 4.1%, and 9.0%) were the major constituents in the EOs from the herb, flower, and leaves, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, luteolin, apigenin, patuletin, isorhamnetin, cirsimaritin, and santin. The leaf extracts demonstrated strongest free radical scavenging, cupric reducing, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and antityrosinase activities.</p