Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy in Reconstructive Osteosynthesis in Patients With Zygomatico-Orbital Complex Fractures

At the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University 120 patients with zygomatico-orbital complex fractures were treated during the period from 2011 to 2015. Different methods of the osteosynthesis are presented and discussed. Successful application experience of superelastic nickelid titanium mesh and porous nickelid titanium implants for the lower orbital wall reconstruction was reviewed

Observations of Her X-1 in low states during SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey

eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) instrument onboard the Russian-German 'Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma' (SRG) mission observed the Her X-1/HZ Her binary system in multiple scans over the source during the first and second SRG all-sky surveys. Both observations occurred during a low state of the X-ray source when the outer parts of the accretion disk blocked the neutron star from view. The orbital modulation of the X-ray flux was detected during the low states. We argue that the detected X-ray radiation results from scattering of the emission of the central source by three distinct regions: (a) an optically thin hot corona with temperature ~(2-4) × 10K above the irradiated hemisphere of the optical star; (b) an optically thin hot halo above the accretion disk; and (c) the optically thick cold atmosphere of the optical star. The latter region effectively scatters photons with energies above 5-6 keV

The First Distant X-ray Quasars (z ~ 4) among the Sources Discovered by the eROSITA Telescope of the SRG Orbital Observatory during a Deep Lockman Hole Survey

© 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Inc. Abstract: During a deep extragalactic Lockman Hole sky survey with an area of 18.5 sq. deg, which was conducted when the SRG observatory was flying to the Lagrange point L2, the eROSITA telescope detected ~7000 X-ray sources. These objects were then provisionally identified and classified using the publicly accessible data of optical and infrared sky surveys by the SRGz machine learning system developed for this purpose at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. As a result, a number of new candidates for distant quasars (z ~ 4) have been selected. The spectroscopic observations of the first two candidates from this list carried out with the 1.6-m AZT-33IK telescope of the Sayan Solar Observatory have confirmed that these objects are actually distant quasars at redshifts 3.878 and 4.116 and are characterized by a high X-ray luminosity ~1045 erg s-1 (2–10 keV). The results obtained allow one to count on the detection of a large number of distant quasars during a four-year all-sky survey of the SRG observatory begun in December 2019

Spectroscopic Redshift Measurements for Galaxy Clusters from the Planck Survey and Observations of These Clusters in the SRG/eROSITA Survey

Abstract: We present the results of our spectroscopic redshift measurements for galaxy clusters detected previously from Planck all-sky survey data as well as Sloan Digital Sky Survey and WISE all-sky survey data. The redshifts have been measured for 23 clusters, including four galaxy clusters from the second Planck catalogue of Sunyaev–Zeldovich sources. The main spectroscopic observations were carried out during 2019–early 2020 at the 1.6-m AZT-33IK telescope of the Sayan Observatory and the 1.5-m Russian–Turkish telescope (RTT-150). Some of the data have been obtained previously at the 3.5-m Calar Alto telescope. Out of the 23 clusters in this sample, 14 objects are located in the half of the sky where the rights to the data from the eROSITA sky survey onboard the SRG orbital X-ray observatory belong to the Russian side. All these clusters were detected with the eROSITA telescope in the course of the sky survey during 2020. On the whole, we have measured the spectroscopic redshifts for 220 galaxy clusters within our program of optical identifications of galaxy clusters from the Planck catalogue during several years. Many of them have already been detected in the SRG/eROSITA survey; a significant fraction of these objects are among the most massive galaxy clusters of the eROSITA sky survey and will most likely enter into cosmological samples of clusters from this survey

Candidate genes of regulation of skeletal muscle energy metabolism in athletes

All biological processes associated with high sports performance, including energy metabolism, are influenced by genetics. DNA sequence variations in such genes, single nucleotide variants (SNVs), could confer genetic advantages that can be exploited to achieve optimal athletic performance. Ignorance of these features can create genetic “barriers” that prevent professional athletes from pursuing a career in sports. Predictive Genomic DNA Profiling reveals single nucleotide variations (SNV) that may be associated with better suitability for endurance, strength and speed sports. (1) Background: To conduct a research on candidate genes associated with regulation of skeletal muscle energy metabolism among athletes. (2) Methods: We have searched for articles in SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Clinical keys, PubMed, e-LIBRARY databases for the period of 2010–2020 using keywords and keywords combinations; (4) Conclusions: Identification of genetic markers associated with the regulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscles can help sports physicians and coaches develop personalized strategies for selecting children, teenagers and young adults for endurance, strength and speed sports (such as jogging, middle or long distance runs). However, the multifactorial aspect of sport performances, including impact of genetics, epigenetics, environment (training and etc.), is important for personalized strategies for selecting of athletes. This approach could improve sports performance and reduce the risk of sports injuries to the musculoskeletal system. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Optical Identification of Candidates for Active Galactic Nuclei Detected by the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC Telescope Onboard the SRG Observatory during an All-Sky X-ray Survey

Abstract: We present the results of our identification of eight objects from the preliminary catalogue of X-ray sources detected in the 4–12 keV energy band by the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope onboard the SRG observatory during the first all-sky survey. Three of them (SRGA J005751.0+210846, SRGA J014157.0-032915, SRGA J232446.8+440756) have been discovered by the ART-XC telescope, while five have already been known previously as X-ray sources, but their nature has remained unestablished. The last five sources have also been detected in soft X-rays by the eROSITA telescope of the SRG observatory. Our optical observations have been carried out at the 1.6-m AZT-33IK telescope of the Sayan Observatory and the 1.5-m Russian–Turkish telescope (RTT-150). All of the investigated objects have turned out to be active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at redshifts from 0.019 to 0.283. Six of them are Seyfert 2 galaxies (including one Seyfert 1.9 galaxy), one (SRGA J005751.0+210846) is a ‘‘hidden’’ AGN (in an edge-on galaxy), and one (SRGA J224125.9+760343) is a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy. The latter object is characterized by a high X-ray luminosity (~(2-13) × 1044 erg s-1 in the 4–12 keV band) and, according to our black hole mass estimate (~2 × 107Mꙩ), an accretion rate close to the Eddington limit. All three AGNs discovered by the ART-XC telescope (which are not detected by the eROSITA telescope) are characterized by a high absorption column density (Formula presented.). The results obtained confirm the expectations that the ART-XC telescope is an efficient instrument in searching for heavily obscured and other interesting AGNs in the nearby (Formula presented.) Universe. The SRG sky survey will last for another 3 years or more, which must allow many such objects to be discovered