Pengaruh Swedish Massage Therapy terhadap Tingkat Kualitas Hidup Penderita Leukemia Usia Sekolah

Di Indonesia ALL menduduki peringkat tertinggi kanker pada anak yang menyebabkan kematian. Kemoterapi merupakan pengobatan kanker dengan jangka waktu yang lama dan paling sering dilakukan, dimana dapat menyebabkan efek samping yang mengganggu fungsi fisik dan fungsi psikososial. Fenomena di Rumah Cinta Anak Kanker Bandung pun menggambarkan dimana angka kejadian penderita leukemia pada anak cenderung meningkat dan berfokus pada conservative therapy. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh swedish massage therapy terhadap tingkat kualitas hidup penderita leukemia usia sekolah di Rumah Cinta Anak Kanker Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan nonequivalent control group design with pretest and posttest. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah anak usia sekolah yang berjumlah 34 orang (masing–masing grup 17 orang) dengan menggunakan consecutive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan PedsQL general score dan cancer module yang berstandar Internasional. Prosedur yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah tindakan swedish massage therapy yang dilakukan langsung oleh peneliti. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah paired t-test dan independent t-test.Hasil penelitian menggambarkan terdapat perbedaan kualitas hidup pada kelompok intervensi sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan swedish massage therapy (p = 0,000 pada α = 5). Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan bahwa swedish massage therapy bisa dipakai sebagai metode alternatif dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita leukemia usia sekolah

Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the leaf and stem of selected traditional medicinal plants

The study was aimed to determine the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities of the stem and leaf of five different traditional medicinal plants. The studied plants exhibited varied antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. The antioxidant activities of the plants were determined through their free radical scavenging capabilities using DPPH assay. The most potent antioxidant activity was demonstrated by Neptunia oleracea with an IC50 of 35.45 and 29.72 μg/mL for leaf and stem, respectively. For α-glucosidase inhibition activity, Neptunia oleracea exhibited potential α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 value of 19.09 and 19.74 μg/mL for leaf and stem, respectively. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) was also marked in Neptunia oleracea leaf and stem with value of 40.88 and 21.21 mg GAE/g dry weight, respectively. The results also showed that Strobilanthes crispus collected from two different locations possessed different levels of phenolic content, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. The study revealed that phenolic compounds could be the main contributors to the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities with R values of 78.9 and 67.4%, respectively. In addition, antioxidant and α-glucosidase were positively correlated (R = 81.9%). Neptunia oleracea could be suggested as a potential natural source of antioxidant and antidiabetic compounds that can be used for the prevention or treatment of diabetes

Comparative Metabolite Fingerprinting of Four Different Cinnamon Species Analyzed via UPLC–MS and GC–MS and Chemometric Tools

The present study aimed to assess metabolites heterogeneity among four major Cinnamomum species, including true cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) and less explored species (C. cassia, C. iners, and C. tamala). UPLC-MS led to the annotation of 74 secondary metabolites belonging to different classes, including phenolic acids, tannins, flavonoids, and lignans. A new proanthocyanidin was identified for the first time in C. tamala, along with several glycosylated flavonoid and dicarboxylic fatty acids reported for the first time in cinnamon. Multivariate data analyses revealed, for cinnamates, an abundance in C. verum versus procyandins, dihydro-coumaroylglycosides, and coumarin in C. cassia. A total of 51 primary metabolites were detected using GC-MS analysis encompassing different classes, viz. sugars, fatty acids, and sugar alcohols, with true cinnamon from Malaysia suggested as a good sugar source for diabetic patients. Glycerol in C. tamala, erythritol in C. iners, and glucose and fructose in C. verum from Malaysia were major metabolites contributing to the discrimination among species

Effect of different drying methods and solvent ratios on biological activities of Phyllanthus acidus extracts

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Phyllanthus acidus. The P. acidus fruits were dried using three different methods, namely oven (OD), air (AD) and freeze (FD) dryings and extracted with ethanol at different ratios (50 and 100%). The proximate analysis and total phenolic content (TPC) as well as free radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were determined. The proximate analysis of P. acidus fruit indicated that all the dried samples contained potential nutrient contents. The highest TPC value, α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities were observed for 50% ethanolic extract from OD method with TPC value of 28.39 mg GAE/g dried extract, IC50 value of 12.394 μg/mL and 64.17% inhibition, respectively. The study revealed that phenolic compounds could be the main contributors to the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities based on the Pearson correlation coefficients with R values of 95.0 and 73.8%, respectively. The study could provide scientific evidence for some folk uses in the treatment of diseases related to the production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress

BAG3 Pro209 mutants associated with myopathy and neuropathy relocate chaperones of the CASA-complex to aggresomes

Three missense mutations targeting the same proline 209 (Pro209) codon in the co-chaperone Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) have been reported to cause distal myopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy or Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2 neuropathy. Yet, it is unclear whether distinct molecular mechanisms underlie the variable clinical spectrum of the rare patients carrying these three heterozygous Pro209 mutations in BAG3. Here, we studied all three variants and compared them to the BAG3_Glu455Lys mutant, which causes dilated cardiomyopathy. We found that all BAG3_Pro209 mutants have acquired a toxic gain-of-function, which causes these variants to accumulate in the form of insoluble HDAC6- and vimentin-positive aggresomes. The aggresomes formed by mutant BAG3 led to a relocation of other chaperones such as HSPB8 and Hsp70, which, together with BAG3, promote the so-called chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA). As a consequence of their increased aggregation-proneness, mutant BAG3 trapped ubiquitinylated client proteins at the aggresome, preventing their efficient clearance. Combined, these data show that all BAG3_Pro209 mutants, irrespective of their different clinical phenotypes, are characterized by a gain-of-function that contributes to the gradual loss of protein homeostasis

A Scoping Review of Assertiveness Therapy for Reducing Bullying Behavior and Its Impacts Among Adolescents

Iyus Yosep,1 Suryani Suryani,1 Henny Suzana Mediani,2 Ai Mardhiyah,2 Indra Maulana,1 Taty Hernawaty,1 Helmy Hazmi3 1Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300, MalaysiaCorrespondence: Iyus Yosep, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, J l. Raya Ir. Soekarno KM. 21, Hegarmanah, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia, Tel +6281394665577, Fax +62287793411, Email [email protected]: Bullying is a global problem in adolescents which has increased every year. One of the factors in the occurrence of bullying is the ability of interpersonal skills. This ability can build good relationships with assertive between adolescents and can prevent bullying. The purpose of this study is to describe assertiveness therapy for reducing bullying behavior and its impacts among adolescents. The method used in this study is scoping review. The search strategy used is PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews through three databases namely PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus. The authors used inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria in the selection of articles. The major keywords used in the article search were bullying, assertiveness therapy, and adolescents. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative. The results showed that there were 10 articles that discussed assertive therapy. All articles show that assertiveness therapy can reduce bullying behavior and its impact significantly, such as reducing the impact of anxiety and increasing self-esteem. Assertiveness therapy methods carried out in the form of education, games, and role play. Education is carried out online and offline. Educational media is provided directly and through media such as educational videos which can be accessed at any time. Gender and cultural approaches are important aspects in the implementation of assertive therapy. Assertive therapy can improve interpersonal skills, social skills, empathy and assertiveness so that it can reduce bullying behavior and its impacts in adolescents. Then, this data becomes the basis for nurses to carry out assertive therapy as an effort to prevent and reduce bullying behavior in adolescents.Keywords: adolescents, assertiveness, bullying, impact

Loss of PML nuclear bodies in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) are two neurodegenerative disorders that share genetic causes and pathogenic mechanisms. The critical genetic players of ALS and FTD are the TARDBP, FUS and C9orf72 genes, whose protein products, TDP-43, FUS and the C9orf72-dipeptide repeat proteins, accumulate in form of cytoplasmic inclusions. The majority of the studies focus on the understanding of how cells control TDP-43 and FUS aggregation in the cytoplasm, overlooking how dysfunctions occurring at the nuclear level may influence the maintenance of protein solubility outside of the nucleus. However, protein quality control (PQC) systems that maintain protein homeostasis comprise a cytoplasmic and a nuclear arm that are interconnected and share key players. It is thus conceivable that impairment of the nuclear arm of the PQC may have a negative impact on the cytoplasmic arm of the PQC, contributing to the formation of the cytoplasmic pathological inclusions. Here we focused on two stress-inducible condensates that act as transient deposition sites for misfolding-prone proteins: Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) and cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs). Upon stress, PML-NBs compartmentalize misfolded proteins, including defective ribosomal products (DRiPs), and recruit chaperones and proteasomes to promote their nuclear clearance. SGs transiently sequester aggregation-prone RNA-binding proteins linked to ALS-FTD and mRNAs to attenuate their translation. We report that PML assembly is impaired in the human brain and spinal cord of familial C9orf72 and FUS ALS-FTD cases. We also show that defective PML-NB assembly impairs the compartmentalization of DRiPs in the nucleus, leading to their accumulation inside cytoplasmic SGs, negatively influencing SG dynamics. Although it is currently unclear what causes the decrease of PML-NBs in ALS-FTD, our data highlight the existence of a cross-talk between the cytoplasmic and nuclear PQC systems, whose alteration can contribute to SG accumulation and cytoplasmic protein aggregation in ALS-FTD