Analisis Ketahanan Hidup Lima Tahun Penderita Kanker Ovarium Epithelial di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais Jakarta

Ovarian cancer is one of the largest causes of death in women. In cancer, albumin serum level is an important prognostic indicator of survival, whereas globally the probability of ovarian cancer patient with serum albumin ³ 3,6 g/dL and ² 3,5 g/dL to survive for five years is 23% and 10%, respectively. In Indonesia, however, the survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patient with respect to serum albumin level has not been investigated intensively. The present study was to determine the probability of epithelial ovarian cancer patients to survive for five years at particular level of serum albumin.Using retrospective cohort design with survival analysis, 48 patients of the Dharmais Cancer Hospital Jakarta were observed from the time when the epithelial ovarian cancer was first diagnosed until they were cured, death, or lost to follow up. The results showed that during 1996-2004 the overallprobability of five-year survival was 26,2%. Specifically, the probability of patients to survive for five years at serum albumin level ³ 3,6 mg/dL and < 3,6 mg/dL was 36,1% and 15,7%, respectively. When the cancer stages, ascites, and hemoglobin level were controlled, risk of death from epithelialovarian cancer of the patients with an albumin level of < 3,6 mg/dL was 2,077 fold higher than those with an albumin level of ³ 3,6 mg/dL. It is concluded that in Indonesia the five-year survival probability of epithelial ovarian cancer patients is higher than that the global rate

COVID-19 Severity Among American Indians and Alaska Natives in 16 States - January 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021

Objective: To compare rates and risk factors of severe COVID-19-related outcomes between American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and non-Hispanic White people (NHW). Methods: Aggregate Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), COVID-19-related risk factor, hospitalization, and mortality data were obtained from 16 states for January 1, 2020-March 31, 2021. Generalized estimating equation Poisson regression models calculated age-adjusted cumulative incidences, incidence ratios (IR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing AI/AN and NHW persons by age, sex, and county-level SVI status. Results: Race data were missing for 42.7% of COVID-19 cases, 24.7% of hospitalizations, and 10.1% of deaths. Risk of AI/AN COVID-19 mortality was 2.6 times that of NHW persons (IR 2.6, 95% CI: 1.7 – 3.4); risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization among AI/AN persons was 3.5 times that of NHW (IR: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.7 – 4.3). Severe COVID-19 outcomes were significantly higher for AI/AN persons compared to NHW persons across all age and sex groups. There was no statistically significant difference in COVID-19 outcomes by SVI status. Associations between severe COVID-19 outcomes and co-morbid risk factors were inconsistent. Conclusions: Results describe increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes for AI/AN persons compared to NHW persons despite quality issues in public health surveillance data. Data linkages and improved ascertainment reduce race/ethnicity misclassification and improve data quality. COVID-19-related health burdens among AI/AN persons warrant improved access for AI/AN communities to medical countermeasures and healthcare resources

Neutralising immunity to omicron sublineages BQ.1.1, XBB, and XBB.1.5 in healthy adults is boosted by bivalent BA.1-containing mRNA vaccination and previous Omicron infection

The global COVID-19 landscape is increasingly complex; emerging new variants rapidly cause waves of infection in people with variably induced immunity. Most individuals now have so-called hybrid immunity from both infection and vaccination. However, sequential infecting variants, induction of immunity, and subsequent waning are interlinked, and immune protection against new variants is unclear

Low-intensity focused ultrasound targeting the nucleus accumbens as a potential treatment for substance use disorder: safety and feasibility clinical trial

IntroductionWhile current treatments for substance use disorder (SUD) are beneficial, success rates remain low and treatment outcomes are complicated by co-occurring SUDs, many of which are without available medication treatments. Research involving neuromodulation for SUD has recently gained momentum. This study evaluated two doses (60 and 90 W) of Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound (LIFU), targeting the bilateral nucleus accumbens (NAc), in individuals with SUD.MethodsFour participants (three male), who were receiving comprehensive outpatient treatment for opioid use disorder at the time of enrollment and who also had a history of excessive non-opioid substance use, completed this pilot study. After confirming eligibility, these participants received 10 min sham LIFU followed by 20 min active LIFU (10 min to left then right NAc). Outcomes were the safety, tolerability, and feasibility during the LIFU procedure and throughout the 90-day follow-up. Outcomes also included the impact of LIFU on cue-induced substance craving, assessed via Visual Analog Scale (VAS), both acutely (pre-, during and post-procedure) and during the 90-day follow-up. Daily craving ratings (without cues) were also obtained for one-week prior to and one-week following LIFU.ResultsBoth LIFU doses were safe and well-tolerated based on reported adverse events and MRI scans revealed no structural changes (0 min, 24 h, and 1-week post-procedure). For the two participants receiving “enhanced” (90 W) LIFU, VAS craving ratings revealed active LIFU attenuated craving for participants’ primary substances of choice relative to sham sonication. For these participants, reductions were also noted in daily VAS craving ratings (0 = no craving; 10 = most craving ever) across the week following LIFU relative to pre-LIFU; Participant #3 pre- vs. post-LIFU: opioids (3.6 ± 0.6 vs. 1.9 ± 0.4), heroin (4.2 ± 0.8 vs. 1.9 ± 0.4), methamphetamine (3.2 ± 0.4 vs. 0.0 ± 0.0), cocaine (2.4 ± 0.6 vs. 0.0 ± 0.0), benzodiazepines (2.8 ± 0.5 vs. 0.0 ± 0.0), alcohol (6.0 ± 0.7 vs. 2.7 ± 0.8), and nicotine (5.6 ± 1.5 vs. 3.1 ± 0.7); Participant #4: alcohol (3.5 ± 1.3 vs. 0.0 ± 0.0) and nicotine (5.0 ± 1.8 vs. 1.2 ± 0.8) (all p’s &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, relative to screening, longitudinal reductions in cue-induced craving for several substances persisted during the 90-day post-LIFU follow-up evaluation for all participants.DiscussionIn conclusion, LIFU targeting the NAc was safe and acutely reduced substance craving during the LIFU procedure, and potentially had longer-term impact on craving reductions. While early observations are promising, NAc LIFU requires further investigation in a controlled trial to assess the impact on substance craving and ultimately substance use and relapse

Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

Prise de décision créative en situation d’incertitude : le cas de la sélection des mannequins par les maisons de mode

Face à l’existence d’une forte incertitude dans les industries dites « de la création », comment les producteurs culturels prennent-ils des décisions ? Nous abordons cette question en étudiant un cas particulier, la sélection des mannequins par les maisons de mode pour leurs défilés dans les villes de New York, Londres, Milan et Paris. Les données utilisées sont à la fois qualitatives (entretiens ethnographiques) et quantitatives (analyse de réseaux sociaux). Alors que les producteurs présentent la sélection des mannequins comme une question de « goût », ou de préférences personnelles, nous montrons que leurs décisions sont en fait définies par des mécanismes de partage de l’information dans des réseaux sociaux, notamment à travers des mécanismes d’« options ». L’analyse de nos données révèle que les processus décisionnels des producteurs culturels sont une question de choix stratégiques fondés sur le statut, même s’ils sont exprimés à travers une rhétorique du goût personnel.Given the great uncertainty in “creative” industries, how do cultural producers make decisions ? We approach this question through a study of a particular case, the selection of models by fashion houses for their shows in New York, London, Milan and Paris. The data employed are both qualitative (ethnographic interviews) and quantitative (analysis of social networks). While the producers present the selection of models as a question of “taste,” or personal preferences, we show that their decisions are, in fact, defined by mechanisms of information-sharing in social networks, notably through “optional” mechanisms. Our data analysis reveals that cultural producers’ decisional processes are a question of strategic choices based on status, even if their rhetoric refers to personal taste.Frente a la existencia de una fuerte incertidumbre en las industrias llamadas “creativas”, ¿cómo toman las decisiones los productores culturales ? Para responder a esta pregunta estudiamos un caso particular, el de la selección de maniquíes para las casas de moda para sus desfiles en las ciudades de Nueva York, Londres, Milán y París. Los datos utilizados son a la vez cualitativos (entrevistas etnográficas) y cuantitativos (análisis de redes sociales). Mientras que los productores presentan la selección de los maniquíes como una cuestión de “gusto” o de preferencias personales, nosotros mostramos que sus decisiones son, de hecho, definidas por medio de mecanismos de distribución de la información en las redes sociales, principalmente a través de los mecanismos de “opciones”. El análisis de nuestros datos revela que los procesos de decisión de los productores culturales son una cuestión de opciones estratégicas basadas en el estatus, aún si éstos son expresados a través de la retórica del gusto personal

Gender on display: performativity in fashion modelling

Gender performativity has had significant influences in cultural studies and sociology, yet empirical cases of the theory remain scarce. While some analysis examines performativity in work, the focus is on organizations and how gender ‘gets done and undone’ within them with little attention paid to bodies outside organizations. Based on two empirical studies of freelancing fashion models, we extend Butler’s gender performativity to analyse the routine bodily practices and gender performances of men and women in fashion, investigating what happens when men and women perform the same work but under different gendered expectations. Fashion modelling presents a case that reproduces heteronormative definitions of femininity while potentially challenging traditional notions of masculinity and work. Observing ‘everyday transgressions’, we evidence how gender performativity, while largely reiterative of normative heterosexuality, may subtly confound the conventions. Observing how models ‘do and undo’ gender extends the analysis of gender at work to non-organizational bodies that tend to be under-represented within the literature. </jats:p