35 research outputs found
Measurement of the branching fraction
The branching fraction is measured in a data sample
corresponding to 0.41 of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb
detector at the LHC. This channel is sensitive to the penguin contributions
affecting the sin2 measurement from The
time-integrated branching fraction is measured to be . This is the most precise measurement to
date
A Critical Analysis of the Medical Model as used in the Study of Pregnancy and Childbirth
The evolution of language: a comparative review
For many years the evolution of language has been seen as a disreputable topic, mired in fanciful "just so stories" about language origins. However, in the last decade a new synthesis of modern linguistics, cognitive neuroscience and neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory has begun to make important contributions to our understanding of the biology and evolution of language. I review some of this recent progress, focusing on the value of the comparative method, which uses data from animal species to draw inferences about language evolution. Discussing speech first, I show how data concerning a wide variety of species, from monkeys to birds, can increase our understanding of the anatomical and neural mechanisms underlying human spoken language, and how bird and whale song provide insights into the ultimate evolutionary function of language. I discuss the ââdescended larynxâ â of humans, a peculiar adaptation for speech that has received much attention in the past, which despite earlier claims is not uniquely human. Then I will turn to the neural mechanisms underlying spoken language, pointing out the difficulties animals apparently experience in perceiving hierarchical structure in sounds, and stressing the importance of vocal imitation in the evolution of a spoken language. Turning to ultimate function, I suggest that communication among kin (especially between parents and offspring) played a crucial but neglected role in driving language evolution. Finally, I briefly discuss phylogeny, discussing hypotheses that offer plausible routes to human language from a non-linguistic chimp-like ancestor. I conclude that comparative data from living animals will be key to developing a richer, more interdisciplinary understanding of our most distinctively human trait: language
Residual effect of growth regulators in etiolation and regeneration of in vitro pineapple plants
Measurement of the Ds+ - Ds- production asymmetry in 7 TeV pp collisions
Heavy quark production in 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy pp collisions at the
LHC is not necessarily flavour symmetric. The production asymmetry, A_P,
between Ds+ and Ds- mesons is studied using the \phi\pi(+/-) decay mode in a
data sample of 1.0/fb collected with the LHCb detector. The difference between
\pi+ and \pi- detection efficiencies is determined using the ratios of fully
reconstructed to partially reconstructed D*(+/-) decays. The overall production
asymmetry in the Ds rapidity region 2.0 to 4.5 with transverse momentum larger
than 2 GeV is measured to be A_P=(-0.33 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.10)%. This result can
constrain models of heavy flavour production.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, updated to published versio
GW190814: gravitational waves from the coalescence of a 23 solar mass black hole with a 2.6 solar mass compact object
We report the observation of a compact binary coalescence involving a 22.2â24.3 Me black hole and a compact object with a mass of 2.50â2.67 Me (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The gravitational-wave signal, GW190814, was observed during LIGOâs and Virgoâs third observing run on 2019 August 14 at 21:10:39 UTC and has a signal-to-noise ratio of 25 in the three-detector network. The source was localized to 18.5 deg2 at a distance of - + 241 45
41 Mpc; no electromagnetic counterpart has been confirmed to date. The source has the most unequal mass ratio yet measured with gravitational waves, - + 0.112 0.009 0.008, and its secondary component is either the lightest black hole or the heaviest neutron star ever discovered in a double compact-object system. The
dimensionless spin of the primary black hole is tightly constrained to ïżœ0.07. Tests of general relativity reveal no measurable deviations from the theory, and its prediction of higher-multipole emission is confirmed at high confidence. We estimate a merger rate density of 1â23 Gpcâ3 yrâ1 for the new class of binary coalescence sources
that GW190814 represents. Astrophysical models predict that binaries with mass ratios similar to this event can form through several channels, but are unlikely to have formed in globular clusters. However, the combination of mass ratio, component masses, and the inferred merger rate for this event challenges all current models of the formation and mass distribution of compact-object binaries