Comparative evaluation of functional constipation prevention methods in pregnant women

Aim. To perform a comparative evaluation of different methods for preventing functional constipation in pregnant women. Materials and methods. The study included 150 pregnant women aged 18 to 42 years, 22 to 36 weeks of gestation, with functional constipation. Group 1 included 50 patients who received dietary fiber OptiFibre in addition to diet therapy; group 2 included 50 patients who received diet therapy in combination with lactulose; group 3, the control group, included 50 pregnant women who received corrective diet therapy only. The outcomes were evaluated on day 14 of observation. Results. A diet only was not sufficiently effective in normalizing stools in pregnant women with a gestational age of 2236 weeks. By day 14, stool frequency was restored in groups 1 and 2 patients. However, during lactulose use, gastrointestinal discomfort persisted more frequently; not all patients reported normal stools at the medium recommended dose, which required an increase of the dose. However, there were episodes of loose stool, which required discontinuation of the medicine. The best results were achieved with the combination of diet and partially hydrolyzed OptiFibre dietary fibers, both in terms of restoration of stool regularity, relief of associated gastrointestinal symptoms, and tolerance of the dietary fibers. Conclusion. Soluble dietary fiber OptiFibre, combined with diet therapy, restores regular stools and resolves constipation in pregnant women. It is well tolerated and safe to use in obstetric practice. The findings suggest using OptiFibre for constipation in pregnant women

Fast calculation of thermodynamic and structural parameters of solutions using the 3DRISM model and the multi-grid method

In the paper a new method to solve the tree-dimensional reference interaction site model (3DRISM) integral equations is proposed. The algorithm uses the multi-grid technique which allows to decrease the computational expanses. 3DRISM calculations for aqueous solutions of four compounds (argon, water, methane, methanol) on the different grids are performed in order to determine a dependence of the computational error on the parameters of the grid. It is shown that calculations on the grid with the step 0.05\Angstr and buffer 8\Angstr give the error of solvation free energy calculations less than 0.3 kcal/mol which is comparable to the accuracy of the experimental measurements. The performance of the algorithm is tested. It is shown that the proposed algorithm is in average more than 12 times faster than the standard Picard direct iteration method.Comment: the information in this preprint is not up to date. Since the first publication of the preprint (9 Nov 2011) the algorithm was modified which allowed to achieve better results. For the new algorithm see the JCTC paper: DOI: 10.1021/ct200815v, http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ct200815

Large family with both parents affected by distinct BRCA1 mutations: implications for genetic testing

Although the probability of both parents being affected by BRCA1 mutations is not negligible, such families have not been systematically described in the literature. Here we present a large breast-ovarian cancer family, where 3 sisters and 1 half-sister inherited maternal BRCA1 5382insC mutation while the remaining 2 sisters carried paternal BRCA1 1629delC allele. No BRCA1 homozygous mutations has been detected, that is consistent with the data on lethality of BRCA1 knockout mice. This report exemplifies that the identification of a single cancer-predisposing mutation within the index patient may not be sufficient in some circumstances. Ideally, all family members affected by breast or ovarian tumor disease have to be subjected to the DNA testing, and failure to detect the mutation in any of them calls for the search of the second cancer-associated allele

Ionic liquids at electrified interfaces

Until recently, “room-temperature” (<100–150 °C) liquid-state electrochemistry was mostly electrochemistry of diluted electrolytes(1)–(4) where dissolved salt ions were surrounded by a considerable amount of solvent molecules. Highly concentrated liquid electrolytes were mostly considered in the narrow (albeit important) niche of high-temperature electrochemistry of molten inorganic salts(5-9) and in the even narrower niche of “first-generation” room temperature ionic liquids, RTILs (such as chloro-aluminates and alkylammonium nitrates).(10-14) The situation has changed dramatically in the 2000s after the discovery of new moisture- and temperature-stable RTILs.(15, 16) These days, the “later generation” RTILs attracted wide attention within the electrochemical community.(17-31) Indeed, RTILs, as a class of compounds, possess a unique combination of properties (high charge density, electrochemical stability, low/negligible volatility, tunable polarity, etc.) that make them very attractive substances from fundamental and application points of view.(32-38) Most importantly, they can mix with each other in “cocktails” of one’s choice to acquire the desired properties (e.g., wider temperature range of the liquid phase(39, 40)) and can serve as almost “universal” solvents.(37, 41, 42) It is worth noting here one of the advantages of RTILs as compared to their high-temperature molten salt (HTMS)(43) “sister-systems”.(44) In RTILs the dissolved molecules are not imbedded in a harsh high temperature environment which could be destructive for many classes of fragile (organic) molecules

Hybrid Metal Halides with Multiple Photoluminescence Centers

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала

Hybrid Metal Halides with Multiple Photoluminescence Centers

ISSN:1433-7851ISSN:1521-3773ISSN:0570-083

Hybrid Metal Halides with Multiple Photoluminescence Centers

ISSN:1433-7851ISSN:1521-3773ISSN:0570-083

Evaluation of potential and rate of the germination of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) treated with bifunctional growth regulators under water stress

The synthetic cytokinins belonging to the class of bifunctional carbamates and oxamates were tested for a biological activity in a wide concentration range of 10-2 M − 10-6 M along with chlorocholine chloride taken as reference. The compounds have a pronounced growth-regulatory activity for wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) at the optimal concentration of 10-5 M, at which the germination potential Gp and the germination rate Gr of seeds, as well as resistance to water stress, determined by RWC values reach their maximum values. It was found that the technique of spraying wheat seeds with solutions of the compounds used is more preferable than soaking.Key words: wheat, plant growth regulators, carbamates, oxamates, water stres

Evaluation of potential and rate of the germination of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) treated with bifunctional growth regulators under water stress

The synthetic cytokinins belonging to the class of bifunctional carbamates and oxamates were tested for a biological activity in a wide concentration range of 10-2 M − 10-6 M along with chlorocholine chloride taken as reference. The compounds have a pronounced growth-regulatory activity for wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) at the optimal concentration of 10-5 M, at which the germination potential Gp and the germination rate Gr of seeds, as well as resistance to water stress, determined by RWC values reach their maximum values. It was found that the technique of spraying wheat seeds with solutions of the compounds used is more preferable than soaking.Key words: wheat, plant growth regulators, carbamates, oxamates, water stres

New Hybrid Ethylenediurea (EDU) Derivatives and Their Phytoactivity

Natural and synthetic phytohormones are widely used in agriculture. The synthetic cytokinin ethylenediurea (EDU) induces protection in plants against ozone phytotoxicity. In our study, new hybrid derivatives of EDU were synthesized and tested for phytoactivity. The germination potential (Gp), germination of seeds (G), and relative water content in leaves (RWC), characterizing the drought resistance of plants, were determined. The results of laboratory studies showed that EDU and its hybrid derivatives have a positive effect on root length, the growth and development of shoots, as well as the ability of plants to tolerate stress caused by a lack of water