426 research outputs found
Méthode des moments de probabilité pondérés : application à la loi de Jenkinson
Cet article a pour but de présenter une méthode, relativement nouvelle, d'estimation des paramÚtres d'une distribution de probabilité : la méthode des moments de probabilité pondérés, introduite par Greenwood et al. (1979). La facilité de mise en oeuvre, la robustesse et l'efficacité de cette méthode ont retenu notre attention. Nous faisons une synthÚse des études menées sur l'application de cette méthode à l'estimation des paramÚtres de la loi de Jenkinson (Generalized Extreme Value Distribution - GEV). (Résumé d'auteur
Manifestations de la sécheresse en Afrique de l'Ouest non sahélienne : cas de la CÎte d'Ivoire, du Togo et du Bénin
La sécheresse qui sévit depuis une vingtaine d'années dans les régions sahéliennes d'Afrique de l'Ouest semble avoir des manifestations également plus au sud dans les pays riverains du golfe de Guinée. Une double analyse, ponctuelle et spatialisée, concernant les précipitations annuelles de la CÎte d'Ivoire, du Togo et du Bénin permet de mettre ce fait en évidence. Les séries chronologiques d'indices pluviométriques confirment la chute brutale de la pluviométrie à la fin des années 60. La représentation cartographique des résultats montre le net glissement des courbes isohyÚtes vers le sud et permet de prendre en compte la dimension régionale du phénomÚne. (Résumé d'auteur
Découpage de l'espace en unités pédopaysagÚres.
Il s'agit d'un modĂšle pour rendre compte de l'organisation des sols et des contraintes du milieu rural en mutation
Whipple's disease diagnosed during biological treatment for joint disease
Objectives
Increased susceptibility to infections is among the main safety concerns raised by biological agents. We describe five cases of Whipple\u27s disease diagnosed during treatment with biological agents.
Methods
We retrospectively identified five cases of Whipple\u27s disease diagnosed between 2003 and 2009 in patients treated with TNFα antagonists in five French hospitals.
Results
Five patients (four male; mean age: 50.4 years; range: 38â67) underwent biological therapy according to prior diagnoses of rheumatoid arthritis (n = 2), ankylosing spondylitis (n = 2), or spondyloarthropathy (n = 1). Biological therapy failed to control the disease, which responded to appropriate antibiotics for Whipple\u27s disease. Retrospectively, clinical symptoms before biological therapy were consistent with Whipple\u27s disease. All five patients had favorable outcomes (mean follow-up, 29 months [13â71]).
Conclusions
Biological therapy probably worsened preexisting Whipple\u27s disease, triggering the visceral disorders. Whipple\u27s disease must be ruled out in patients with joint disease, as patients with this spontaneously fatal condition should not receive immunosuppressive agents
Noncommutative Induced Gauge Theory
We consider an external gauge potential minimally coupled to a renormalisable
scalar theory on 4-dimensional Moyal space and compute in position space the
one-loop Yang-Mills-type effective theory generated from the integration over
the scalar field. We find that the gauge invariant effective action involves,
beyond the expected noncommutative version of the pure Yang-Mills action,
additional terms that may be interpreted as the gauge theory counterpart of the
harmonic oscillator term, which for the noncommutative -theory on Moyal
space ensures renormalisability. The expression of a possible candidate for a
renormalisable action for a gauge theory defined on Moyal space is conjectured
and discussed.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure
Widespread hydroxylation of unstructured lysine-rich protein domains by JMJD6
The Jumonji domain-containing protein JMJD6 is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase associated with a broad range of biological functions. Cellular studies have implicated the enzyme in chromatin biology, transcription, DNA repair, mRNA splicing, and cotranscriptional processing. Although not all studies agree, JMJD6 has been reported to catalyze both hydroxylation of lysine residues and demethylation of arginine residues. However, despite extensive study and indirect evidence for JMJD6 catalysis in many cellular processes, direct assignment of JMJD6 catalytic substrates has been limited. Examination of a reported site of proline hydroxylation within a lysine-rich region of the tandem bromodomain protein BRD4 led us to conclude that hydroxylation was in fact on lysine and catalyzed by JMJD6. This prompted a wider search for JMJD6-catalyzed protein modifications deploying mass spectrometric methods designed to improve the analysis of such lysine-rich regions. Using lysine derivatization with propionic anhydride to improve the analysis of tryptic peptides and nontryptic proteolysis, we report 150 sites of JMJD6-catalyzed lysine hydroxylation on 48 protein substrates, including 19 sites of hydroxylation on BRD4. Most hydroxylations were within lysine-rich regions that are predicted to be unstructured; in some, multiple modifications were observed on adjacent lysine residues. Almost all of the JMJD6 substrates defined in these studies have been associated with membraneless organelle formation. Given the reported roles of lysine-rich regions in subcellular partitioning by liquid-liquid phase separation, our findings raise the possibility that JMJD6 may play a role in regulating such processes in response to stresses, including hypoxia
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