Плачь ... только слезами светлыми ... (урок литературы в 7-ом классе по произведению А. А. Лиханова "Мальчик, которому не больно")

In developing the proposed version of the lesson home reading on a work of the writer - countryman A. A. Likhanova "Boy, that does not hurt." The focus is on working with text, finding the episodes associated with the motif of tears in the product.Маслова Марина Владимировна: В разработке предлагается вариант урока внеклассного чтения по произведению писателя-земляка А. А. Лиханова «Мальчик, которому не больно». Главное внимание уделяется работе с текстом, нахождению эпизодов, связанных с мотивом слезы в произведении

A New Hierarchy of Research Evidence for Tumor Pathology: A Delphi Study to Define Levels of Evidence in Tumor Pathology

The hierarchy of evidence is a fundamental concept in evidence-based medicine, but existing models can be challenging to apply in laboratory-based health care disciplines, such as pathology, where the types of evidence and contexts are significantly different from interventional medicine. This project aimed to define a comprehensive and complementary framework of new levels of evidence for evaluating research in tumor pathology-introducing a novel Hierarchy of Research Evidence for Tumor Pathology collaboratively designed by pathologists with help from epidemiologists, public health professionals, oncologists, and scientists, specifically tailored for use by pathologists-and to aid in the production of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors (WCT) evidence gap maps. To achieve this, we adopted a modified Delphi approach, encompassing iterative online surveys, expert oversight, and external peer review, to establish the criteria for evidence in tumor pathology, determine the optimal structure for the new hierarchy, and ascertain the levels of confidence for each type of evidence. Over a span of 4 months and 3 survey rounds, we collected 1104 survey responses, culminating in a 3-day hybrid meeting in 2023, where a new hierarchy was unanimously agreed upon. The hierarchy is organized into 5 research theme groupings closely aligned with the subheadings of the WCT, and it consists of 5 levels of evidence-level P1 representing evidence types that merit the greatest level of confidence and level P5 reflecting the greatest risk of bias. For the first time, an international collaboration of pathology experts, supported by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, has successfully united to establish a standardized approach for evaluating evidence in tumor pathology. We intend to implement this novel Hierarchy of Research Evidence for Tumor Pathology to map the available evidence, thereby enriching and informing the WCT effectively.The overall project, International Agency for Research on Cancer, and beneficiaries (German Heart Centre Munich, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III) are funded by the European Commission (HORIZON grant no. 101057127). R.C. and F.C. are funded by UK Research and Innovation. S.H. has received research funding or honoraria from Roche, BMS, Merck, Sysmex, Thermo, Volition, Trillium, Medica, and Instand and is a founder of SFZ BioCoDE and CEBIO. P.H.T. has received honoraria from AstraZeneca.S

The Effect of Sorbent Composition on Sorption Properties of Materials Based on Ti-Ca-Mg Phosphates

Individual titanium and calcium–magnesium phosphates are widely known as effective sorbents. The sorption processes on these phosphates are based on different mechanisms. The sorption efficiency towards different cations depends on the phase composition of the sorbent. Composite materials with various ratio Ti:(Ca+Mg) have been synthesized. The sorption properties of samples obtained towards Cs+, Sr2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+ have been studied to establish the effect of sorbent composition on metal removal. The adsorption isotherms have been analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich–Peterson models. The composition of sorbents has no effect on the level of removal of readily hydrolyzable Pb2+ and Cu2+ cations. Removal of lead occurs preferentially via the precipitation of metal phosphates and hydroxides. Copper precipitates as hydroxide in case of a high share of Ca-Mg phosphates in the composite sorbent. The removal of cesium proceeds according to the ion exchange mechanism only. For Cd2+, Co2+, Sr2+, and Zn2+ cations, the sorption efficiency on the composite materials synthesized is found to increase with the increase in titanium phosphate’s share in the sample. All composite sorbents synthesized demonstrated a considerable increase in the level of purification of solutions studied compared with individual Ti and Ca-Mg phosphates due to the synergism of the components

SORPTION OF NON-FERROUS METAL CATIONS ON SPHEROGRANULATED AMOPTHOUS TITANIUM HYDROXIDE

The sorption properties of amorphous titanium hydroxide ion-exchanger (ATH) toward non-ferrous metal cations are investigated. The sol-gel synthesis of ATH is based on the method of limited hydrolysis of ammonium titanyl sulfate (NH4)2TiO(SO4)2·H2O (ATS) without the usage of organometalic compounds. The presence of ammonium ion in sol prevents the polymerization of gels, which has a positive impact on porosity of the obtained compounds and, consequently, on ion-exchanging characteristics. The sorption isotherms for five divalent metal ions including Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ are built. The isotherms are best described with the Freundlich model in the case of sorption of cadmium and lead cations, and with the Langmuir and Freundlich models in the case of sorption of zinc, copper and nickel cations. The sorption kinetics of these metal ions on the ATH is limited by internal diffusion. The selectivity order of the metal ions on TiP1 is determined as follows: Pb2+ > Co2+ > Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Cd2+ > Zn2+. Additional sorption studies are carried on industrial water containing a mixture of divalent and hardness cations. The quality of water after the sorption on the ATH sorbent reaches the EU recommendations for drinking waters for most of the metal ions concentrations. In the case of wastewater treatment in tannery industry, the sorption of chrome cations on the ATH exceeds 99% for all types of wastewater and the remaining concentration of chrome ions (III, VI) in the solution is lower than maximum concentration limit

Synthesis of Sorption Materials from Low Grade Titanium Raw Materials

In this paper, a universal technology is proposed for processing low-titanium mineral raw material—apatite-nepheline ore waste, including its treatment with sulfuric or hydrochloric acid in a two-stage mode with a sequential increase in the concentration. This technique allowed us to remove nepheline and apatite in the first stage and achieve a titanium mineral content of TiO2 of more than 30%; in the second stage, we were able to convert the titanium into its precursors—titanyl sulfate monohydrate TiOSO4·H2O and a hybrid rutile-silica composition. The key stage in the sorbent synthesis is the reaction of the precursor with a phosphoric acid solution. The preferred sequence of operations begins with the mechanical activation of the precursor, causing morphological changes in it, and subsequent treatment with phosphoric acid at different concentrations under atmospheric conditions and in an autoclave, accompanied by phase transformations. Conditions for the chemical reactions which regulated the composition and structure of the final product and, accordingly, its sorption activity were found. With the help of XFA, the phase compositions of the sorbents were identified, including the individual crystalline phase α-TiP obtained from TS or the crystalline phase αTi(HPO4)2∙H2O, which is in an amorphous silica matrix obtained from a rutile–silica composition

CRYSTALLIZATION OF THE FRAME-STRUCTURED TITANOSILICATE IN A HIGHLY ALKALINE MEDIUM

The conditions for the crystallization of the frame-structured titanosilicate with the use of a solution of Ti4+ sulfate with the addition of alkali in the form of liquid glass and sodium alkali to a pH of 12.5-13.5 have been studied. The optimum molar ratio of TiO2: SiO2 is 1: 4.5. To increase hydrolysis stability, partial reduction of initial solution has been fulfilled by electrochemical method with Ti4+ conversion to Ti3+ (content of Ti2O3 in the solution after reduction is 30–45 g/l). This expedient allows avoiding premature generation of a titanium amorphous phase and directing the process to creation of crystalline precipitate in a form of two structural modifications: trigonal (Na4(TiO)4(SiO4)3·6H2O) and cubic (Na3H(TiO)4(SiO4)3·4H2O); the precipitate crystallinity degree is 90–95%. Both structures are similar to the structure of the ivanyukite mineral. Crystallization proceeds under significant oversaturation system by alkaline components. Determined have been optimal conditions for titanium - siliceous precursor sol-gel obtaining and consequent hydrothermal transformation of the obtained gel to crystalline phase. It has been shown that the pore system (total volume of pores) of crystalline ivanyukite particles is approximately 1.5 times larger than that of X-ray amorphous samples and that it is mainly represented by mesopores of medium size, which are characterized by the most activity in sorption processes. Natrium and potassium ions situated in the ivanyukite frame space along with water provide high exchange velocity of cations absorption in sorption processes due to minimal diffusive obstacles. The reported preliminary data on sorption allow to describe the frame-structured crystalline alkaline titanosilicates as effective sorbents of one or two charge cations, as shown by the example of the sorption of strontium, caesium and non-ferrous metals

Mineral Layer Fillers for the Production of Functional Materials

An original method based on the use of technogenic waste from the processing of mineral-layered materials, in particular phlogopite for obtaining highly efficient functional compositions of the “mica-TiO2”, has been developed. The composition core is a nanosized mica flake coated with mesoporous titanium dioxide of an anatase or rutile structure. Energy-saving and environmentally friendly technological methods are based on the splitting of the mica followed by heterogeneous electrohydrolysis of a mixture of titanium (IV) sulfate solution and flake particles. No destruction of the mica surface, which provided the obtained uniform coatings, has been observed. Such coatings are used in photocatalysis processes and possess a self-cleaning capability. Core–shell compositions are more economically attractive compared with titanium dioxide, in particular TiO2 grade P25 (Degusse). The core of the transparent flake and the shell of the rutile titanium dioxide endows the final product with a pearlescent optical effect. This type of material is widely used in the manufacturing of paints and varnishes, printing inks, cosmetics, etc. The use of technogenic waste could significantly reduce the cost of the final product, which would ensure its widespread use in various industries

Investigation on Purification of Saturated LiNO3 Solution Using Titanium Phosphate Ion Exchanger: Kinetics Study

Lithium compounds are of high interest to many industries. The presence of undesirable impurities in Li precursors leads to uncontrolled change in the functional properties of final compounds. Therefore, the development of reliable methods for lithium salt purification is considered a key factor for their application in various industries. This work focuses on the application of a titanium phosphate ion exchanger (Li-TiOP) toward Cu2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ ions in the purification of a saturated LiNO3 solution. The sorption kinetics of the selected ions, considering external and internal mass transfer, as well as chemical interaction, were deeply studied. The kinetic study showed that the values of intraparticle diffusion rate and effective diffusion coefficients for the studied ions decreased in the following order: Cr(III) ˃ Cu(II) Mn(II) ˃ Co(II) ˃ Ni(II). For all the selected ions, chemical interaction was described with a pseudo-second-order reaction model. The sorption kinetics were controlled by the size of the solvated metal ion, its effective charge, the electronic structure of the adsorbed ion, and the interaction with the functional groups of the sorbent. Due to fast kinetics, the high degree of removal of trace quantities of the impurities this material gives it consideration as a promising sorbent for the deep purification of lithium salts

The impact of

The investigations are made of cherry biological peculiarities and disease excitants composition. The domination of necrotrophic fungi and Pseudomonas syringae van Hall bacteria in pathocenosis is shown. The fact of microbiota associative lesion of plants is established. The antagonist action of isolated bacterium in relation to Cytospora leucostoma (Pers.) Sacc., Alternaria alternata Keissl., Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht., Monillia cinerea Bonord is detected. The character of isolated bacterium metabolites, pathogenic fungi and their association effect on a host-plant is established. The ability of bacterium to lower the activity of phytotoxins secretion in fungi when cultivated together is identified. It has been found that it is the fungal pathogens causing the development of die-back in cherry in investigated gardens, whereas P. syringae bacterium, when in latent state, plays a part of protector and permits to suppress the development of fungal infection. Taking into account the fact that this bacterium is pathogenic, the works of advanced breeding for resistance of the horticultural crops to bacterial blight are recommended