Personality and media multitasking in the college classroom: Context-dependent implications of conscientiousness and agreeableness

Both personality and contexts may account for media multitasking in the college classroom. As this area of research was lacking, the present study examined which personality traits would be associated with in-class media multitasking in different contexts of text messaging. Undergraduate students (83 males and 65 females; average age: 20.0 [SD = 4.3]) completed a questionnaire on demographic characteristics, general text-messaging behavior, and Big Five personality traits as well as a delay-discounting task. This task had two hypothetical scenarios in which participants received either an urgent text message from their significant other (Significant Other condition) or a non-urgent message from a casual friend (Casual Friend condition), and they rated their likelihood of immediately replying to the message during the class versus waiting to reply until the class was over. For each of the conditions, hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine whether personality traits predicted the likelihood of waiting, after controlling for demographic characteristics and general text-messaging behavior. Whereas only conscientiousness independently predicted the likelihood of waiting in the Significant Other condition (β = .20, p = .033), only agreeableness independently predicted the likelihood in the Casual Friend condition (β = .27, p = .002). These findings contribute to the sparse literature on links of personality traits and in-class media multitasking by highlighting the possible context-dependent aspects of these links. The findings also indicate potential directions of future research including exploring approaches to reducing media multitasking in the college classroom while taking both personality and specific contexts into consideration

Recent development of sulfide solid electrolytes and interfacial modification for all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries

AbstractRecent development of inorganic sulfide solid electrolytes and all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries with them is reviewed. Electrical conductivity, electrochemical stability and chemical stability of these sulfide electrolytes are reported. Formation of favorable solid–solid contacts between electrode and electrolyte is important in all-solid-state batteries. Useful techniques to achieving intimate electrode–electrolyte interfaces are proposed. Application of sulfur positive electrode and lithium metal negative electrode with large theoretical capacity to all-solid-state lithium batteries is demonstrated

Poly[bis­(μ3-dodecyl sulfato)­calcium]

In the title compound [Ca(C12H25O4S)2]n, the unique CaII ion lies on an inversion center and is coordinated in a slightly distorted octa­hedral environment by six O atoms from dodecyl sulfate anions. The crystal structure is based on hydro­carbon (dodecyl sulfate) layers which sandwich the CaII ions. Within the layers, the hydro­carbon zigzag chains are parallel to one another and inter­act via van der Waals forces

Ejecta Size Distribution Resulting from Hypervelocity Impact of Spherical Projectiles on CFRP Laminates

AbstractThe size distributions of ejecta resulting from projectile perforation of CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) laminates were examined. The shape of the ejecta cone and the debris cloud was observed using a high-speed video camera. The ejecta fragments were collected from the test chamber after impact experiments. The number of fragments ejected on the front side of the target was altered by the impact velocity. Conversely, regardless of impact velocity, the number of fragments ejected on the rear side of the target was almost the same.The results were also compared with the results of NASA's breakup model. The slope on the cumulative number distribution curve of characteristic length, LC, was almost the same as that of NASA's breakup model. The area-to-mass ratio distribution of ejecta fragments from CFRP laminates ranged within and above the area surrounded by ±3σ of NASA's breakup model