5 research outputs found

    What pulmonologists think about the asthma–COPD overlap syndrome

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    Background: Some patients with COPD may share characteristics of asthma; this is the so-called asthma–COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). There are no universally accepted criteria for ACOS, and most treatments for asthma and COPD have not been adequately tested in this population. Materials and methods: We performed a survey among pulmonology specialists in asthma and COPD aimed at collecting their opinions about ACOS and their attitudes in regard to some case scenarios of ACOS patients. The participants answered a structured questionnaire and attended a face-to-face meeting with the Metaplan methodology to discuss different aspects of ACOS. Results: A total of 26 pulmonologists with a mean age of 49.7 years participated in the survey (13 specialists in asthma and 13 in COPD). Among these, 84.6% recognized the existence of ACOS and stated that a mean of 12.6% of their patients might have this syndrome. In addition, 80.8% agreed that the diagnostic criteria for ACOS are not yet well defined. The most frequently mentioned characteristics of ACOS were a history of asthma (88.5%), significant smoking exposure (73.1%), and postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ,0.7 (69.2%). The most accepted diagnostic criteria were eosinophilia in sputum (80.8%), a very positive bronchodilator test (69.2%), and a history of asthma before 40 years of age (65.4%). Up to 96.2% agreed that first-line treatment for ACOS was the combination of a long-acting β2-agonist and inhaled steroid, with a long-acting antimuscarinic agent (triple therapy) for severe ACOS. Conclusion: Most Spanish specialists in asthma and COPD agree that ACOS exists, but the diagnostic criteria are not yet well defined. A previous history of asthma, smoking, and not fully reversible airflow limitation are considered the main characteristics of ACOS, with the most accepted first-line treatment being long-acting β2-agonist/inhaled corticosteroids

    Prevalencia del síndrome de hiperventilación en pacientes tratados por asma en una consulta de neumología

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    Objetivo: Aunque la presencia del síndrome de hiperventilación (SH) puede influir en los síntomas de los pacientes con asma, existe escasa información acerca de su frecuencia en nuestro medio. Nuestro objetivo ha sido investigar la prevalencia de SH entre la población asmática controlada ambulatoriamente y establecer su relación con los trastornos de ansiedad. Pacientes y método: Con este propósito hemos estudiado a 157 asmáticos consecutivos (61 varones, 96 mujeres; edad media ± desviación estándar de 45 ± 17 años; volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo: 84 ± 21%), controlados en nuestras consultas externas, en situación estable y con diferentes grados de gravedad. Tras recoger los datos demográficos y los relativos a su enfermedad, cumplimentaron las versiones españolas del Índice de Sensibilidad a la Ansiedad, el Listado de Síntomas durante un Ataque de Asma y el cuestionario Nijmegen; en este último, una puntuación de 23 o superior se consideró diagnóstica del SH. Finalmente, se valoró si habían presentado un trastorno de pánico en los 6 últimos meses (criterios de la cuarta edición del Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales). Resultados: Presentaron SH 57 asmáticos (36%) y trastorno de pánico, 4 (2%). Los pacientes con SH eran mayoritariamente mujeres (un 78 frente a un 51%; p = 0,001) y tenían más edad (49 frente a 42; p = 0,01), más disnea basal (1,26 en la escala del Medical Research Council frente a 0,89; p = 0,01), más sensibilidad a la ansiedad (p = 0,001) y acudían más veces a urgencias por agudizaciones (p = 0,002). Los pacientes con SH puntuaron significativamente más alto en todas las subescalas del Listado de Síntomas durante un Ataque de Asma. Por último, las variables introducidas en el análisis de regresión (pasos sucesivos) para explicar la puntuación en el cuestionario Nijmegen (r² = 0,57) fueron: disnea basal y sensibilidad a la ansiedad. Conclusiones: Aproximadamente un tercio de los asmáticos controlados en una consulta de neumología presentan además SH. Esto no puede explicarse por la comorbilidad asma-trastorno de pánico y tiene que ver sólo en parte con los síntomas relacionados con la hiperventilación que aparece durante un ataque de asma

    Concordancia entre la percepción de disnea del asmático durante la obstrucción aguda y crónica

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    Objetivo: Durante la estabilidad clínica se pueden distinguir 3 tipos de asmáticos: hipoperceptores, normoperceptores e hiperperceptores. Cuando a esos mismos pacientes se les provoca una broncoconstricción aguda, también existen hipo, normo e hiperperceptores de disnea. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido comprobar la concordancia entre ambas situaciones. Pacientes y métodos: Se ha estudiado a 93 pacientes con asma persistente moderada (36 varones y 57 mujeres; edad media de 40 años). Se les pidió que estimaran su disnea (escala modificada de Borg) en situación de estabilidad y después de cada dosis de histamina en una prueba de broncoprovocación. Cuando la puntuación de Borg en situación estable era menor del percentil 25, se consideró hipoperceptor; si era superior al percentil 75, hiperperceptor, y normoperceptor al grupo restante. En función del cambio de disnea al descender un 20% el volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo se distinguieron los perceptores agudos: hipoperceptores (cambio en Borg inferior al percentil 25), hiperperceptores (cambio superior al percentil 75) y normoperceptores (cambio entre los percentiles 25 y 75). Resultados: En situación estable 23 pacientes fueron hipoperceptores, 58 normoperceptores y 12 hiperperceptores, mientras que durante la broncoconstricción hubo 23 hipoperceptores, 47 normoperceptores y 23 hiperperceptores. El análisis de concordancia mostró un índice kappa de 0,0574 para la hipopercepción, de 0,1521 para la hiperpercepción y de 0,3980 para la normopercepción. Conclusiones: Las percepciones de disnea de los asmáticos en situación estable y durante una broncoconstricción aguda son fenómenos independientes. Por ello, no es posible inferir cómo un paciente va a percibir una crisis de asma valorando únicamente cómo percibe su enfermedad durante la estabilidad clínica

    A Proposed Approach to Chronic Airway Disease (CAD) Using Therapeutic Goals and Treatable Traits: A Look to the Future.

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    Chronic airflow obstruction affects a wide range of airway diseases, the most frequent of which are asthma, COPD, and bronchiectasis; they are clearly identifiable in their extremes, but quite frequently overlap in some of their pathophysiological and clinical characteristics. This has generated the description of new mixed or overlapping disease phenotypes with no clear biological grounds. In this special article, a group of experts provides their perspective and proposes approaching the treatment of chronic airway disease (CAD) through the identification of a series of therapeutic goals (TG) linked to treatable traits (TT) - understood as clinical, physiological, or biological characteristics that are quantifiable using biomarkers. This therapeutic approach needs validating in a clinical trial with the strategy of identification of TG and treatment according to TT for each patient independently of their prior diagnosis

    What pulmonologists think about the asthma–COPD overlap syndrome

    No full text
    Background: Some patients with COPD may share characteristics of asthma; this is the so-called asthma–COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). There are no universally accepted criteria for ACOS, and most treatments for asthma and COPD have not been adequately tested in this population. Materials and methods: We performed a survey among pulmonology specialists in asthma and COPD aimed at collecting their opinions about ACOS and their attitudes in regard to some case scenarios of ACOS patients. The participants answered a structured questionnaire and attended a face-to-face meeting with the Metaplan methodology to discuss different aspects of ACOS. Results: A total of 26 pulmonologists with a mean age of 49.7 years participated in the survey (13 specialists in asthma and 13 in COPD). Among these, 84.6% recognized the existence of ACOS and stated that a mean of 12.6% of their patients might have this syndrome. In addition, 80.8% agreed that the diagnostic criteria for ACOS are not yet well defined. The most frequently mentioned characteristics of ACOS were a history of asthma (88.5%), significant smoking exposure (73.1%), and postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ,0.7 (69.2%). The most accepted diagnostic criteria were eosinophilia in sputum (80.8%), a very positive bronchodilator test (69.2%), and a history of asthma before 40 years of age (65.4%). Up to 96.2% agreed that first-line treatment for ACOS was the combination of a long-acting β2-agonist and inhaled steroid, with a long-acting antimuscarinic agent (triple therapy) for severe ACOS. Conclusion: Most Spanish specialists in asthma and COPD agree that ACOS exists, but the diagnostic criteria are not yet well defined. A previous history of asthma, smoking, and not fully reversible airflow limitation are considered the main characteristics of ACOS, with the most accepted first-line treatment being long-acting β2-agonist/inhaled corticosteroids
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