20,653 research outputs found
Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offers an interesting case study as the only large agricultural exporter that has, at many points in its history, applied export taxes to several of its agricultural products. The chapter combines results from a global economy-wide model (World Bank’s Linkage model), a national CGE model, and microsimulations. The results suggest that liberalization of world trade (including subsidies and import taxes, but not export taxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods, reduces poverty and inequality in Argentina. However, if only agricultural goods are included, indicators for poverty and inequality do not improve and even deteriorate somewhat. This is particularly the case if export taxes are eliminated. The chapter discusses the possible reasons for those results, offers some caveats, and suggests some lines for further research.Distorted incentives, agricultural and trade policy reforms, national agricultural development, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, F13, F14, Q17, Q18,
Wormholes in the accelerating universe
We discuss different arguments that have been raised against the viability of
the big trip process, reaching the conclusions that this process can actually
occur by accretion of phantom energy onto the wormholes and that it is stable
and might occur in the global context of a multiverse model. We finally argue
that the big trip does not contradict any holographic bounds on entropy and
information.Comment: 2 pages, LaTex, to appear in the Proceedings of the 11th Marcel
Grossmann Conference, 200
The Leptoquark Hunter's Guide: Pair Production
Leptoquarks occur in many new physics scenarios and could be the next big
discovery at the LHC. The purpose of this paper is to point out that a
model-independent search strategy covering all possible leptoquarks is possible
and has not yet been fully exploited. To be systematic we organize the possible
leptoquark final states according to a leptoquark matrix with entries
corresponding to nine experimentally distinguishable leptoquark decays: any of
{light-jet, b-jet, top} with any of {neutrino, , }. The 9
possibilities can be explored in a largely model-independent fashion with
pair-production of leptoquarks at the LHC. We review the status of experimental
searches for the 9 components of the leptoquark matrix, pointing out which 3
have not been adequately covered. We plead that experimenters publish bounds on
leptoquark cross sections as functions of mass for as wide a range of
leptoquark masses as possible. Such bounds are essential for reliable recasts
to general leptoquark models. To demonstrate the utility of the leptoquark
matrix approach we collect and summarize searches with the same final states as
leptoquark pair production and use them to derive bounds on a complete set of
Minimal Leptoquark models which span all possible flavor and gauge
representations for scalar and vector leptoquarks.Comment: 19 pages + references and appendices, 18 figures, 15 tables. Added
references, fixed typo
Worse than a big rip?
We show that a generalised phantom Chaplygin gas can present a future
singularity in a finite future cosmic time. Unlike the big rip singularity,
this singularity happens for a finite scale factor, but like the big rip
singularity, it would also take place at a finite future cosmic time. In
addition, we define a dual of the generalised phantom Chaplygin gas which
satisfies the null energy condition. Then, in a Randall-Sundrum 1 brane-world
scenario, we show that the same kind of singularity at a finite scale factor
arises for a brane filled with a dual of the generalised phantom Chaplygin gas.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX 4. Discussion expanded and references
added. Version to appear in PL
Graviton-photon oscillation in alternative theories of gravity
In this paper we investigate graviton-photon oscillation in the presence of
an external magnetic field in alternative theories of gravity. Whereas the
effect of an effective refractive index for the electromagnetic radiation was
already considered in the literature, we develop the first approach to take
into account the effect of the modification of the predictions for
gravitational waves in alternative theories of gravity in the phenomenon of
graviton-photon mixing.Comment: V1: 5 pages. V2: 9 pages (new style); clarifications in the
discussion included, no physics changes; 3 references added. V3: 10 pages, 4
references added, discussion extended. Version accepted for publication in
Classical and Quantum Gravit
Multidimensional poverty in the EU: rethinking AROPE through a multi-criteria analysis
At risk of poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE) constitutes the pivotal indicator of living conditions and poverty in the European Union. Nevertheless, as a multidimensional poverty measure, it has some drawbacks that significantly reduce its utility. In this paper, we propose an alternative multi-criteria approach that provides some innovations for the computation of multidimensional poverty in the European countries. We first propose a normalization formula for each dimension by using a double point of reference. We then put forward alternative aggregation functions that permit diverse degrees of substitutability across dimensions. This new formulation allows us to go beyond focusing merely on the rate of people classified as AROPE, making it possible to evaluate aspects such as the intensity of multidimensional poverty and how changes over time are distributed across population in terms of shared prosperity, as showed in an illustration for the EU28 countries.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec
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