La pérdida de oportunidades del aprendizaje gimnástico: las voces del profesorado de Educación Física de Educación Secundaria

This research focuses on the reasons behind the fragility of gymnastics in the Physical Education curriculum in Secondary Schools. As this has a negative effect on the integral education of pupils, our study identifies the problems which lead to gaps in the learning of this subject. We examine the experiences of 50 participant-teachers as regards their university training in the area of gymnastics and acrobatics skills, their difficulties when putting knowledge into practice, and their suggestions for optimizing teaching. The methodology used is qualitative, and AQUAD 6 software has been employed to analyse the data. The results show that gymnastics knowledge acquired by the participants during initial training is inadequate, and that subsequently there is a lack of professional development. In addition, there are further difficulties caused by the negative attitude of pupils towards doing gymnastics. Teachers’ suggestions for improvement focus on solving the aforementioned problems. They demand better university training and specific professional development in order to resolve the methodological and contextual difficulties perceived. Knowledge of their proposals may contribute to the implementation of new models of initial and continuous training.Esta investigación se centra en analizar las causas de la fragilidad de los aprendizajes gimnásticos en el currículo de Educación Física en Educación Secundaria. Considerando que este hecho incide de forma desfavorable en la educación integral del alumnado, este estudio identifica las problemáticas que condicionan las lagunas en dichos aprendizajes. Para ello, se examinan las experiencias de 50 profesores sobre la formación universitaria recibida en la rama de habilidades gimnásticas y acrobáticas, las dificultades para implementar estos aprendizajes y las propuestas para optimizar su labor profesional. La metodología empleada es cualitativa y se ha utilizado el software AQUAD 6 para el análisis de los datos. Los resultados evidencian que los participantes han tenido un insuficiente conocimiento gimnástico en su formación inicial y una posterior falta de oportunidades de desarrollo profesional. Asimismo, otras dificultades percibidas están motivadas por las disposiciones negativas de los estudiantes hacia la práctica gimnástica. Los planteamientos de mejora de los profesores están enfocados a la resolución de dichas problemáticas. El profesorado demanda una formación universitaria más sólida y un desarrollo profesional específico como medio para resolver las dificultades metodológicas y contextuales percibidas. Conocer sus propuestas puede contribuir a implementar nuevos modelos de formación inicial y continua

Metodología para la zonificación del riesgo de erosión en cuencas andinas : estudio de caso en el río Chalaco, Piura

El Fenómeno de El Niño azota violentamente de forma periódica el norte del Perú. Si bien localmente no se puede luchar contra él, se pueden amortiguar sus efectos. La enorme deforestación que sufren las cabeceras de cuencas andinas y las transformaciones agrarias, que constantemente empujan de la frontera agrícola a cotas más altas, favorecen los arrastres y avenidas, y dificultan la retención de agua. La falta de cartografía adecuada dificulta una planificación de usos del suelo que debería hacerse entre otros factores considerando el riesgo de erosión de las principales cuencas andinas. Semuestra unmodelo de fácil aplicación a partir de escasa información cartográfica para ser aplicado en países en desarrollo para la estimación del riesgo de erosión a partir de datos georreferenciados y datos básicos disponibles habitualmente en los distintos servicios cartográficos nacionales. Este método se aplica en laMicrocuenca deMijal, en la cuenca del Chalaco, distrito de Piura, Perú, donde se analizan datos de pendiente, usos de la tierra y tipo de sustrato litológico, dando como resultado la zonificación de áreas en función del riesgo de erosión.El Niño atmospheric phenomenon produces periodically severe damages in the North of Peru. Although at a local level is not possible to stop it, their effects can bemitigated. Due to the forward-moving agricultural frontier in themountainous areas of the Peruvian Andes,woods are disappearing. Thiswoods reduction cause intense soil erosion processes in grounds that lead to a poor vegetative cover and a high level of surface drainage capacity. The lack of an adequate cartography complicates land use planning that should be done according to the erosion risk among other factors in these river basins. A risk of erosion model based on georeferred data and easy to replicate in developing countries with a small number of cartography layers available is here presented. This method was applied to the micro basin of Mijal, in the Piura river Basin, Perú. Slope, land use and litology are analyzed in order to establish a risk erosion zonification model

Metodología docente y nuevos recursos en Arqueología Prehistórica

La idea ha sido crear un instrumento capaz de albergar información y documentación docente que irá aumentando progresivamente, en función de las necesidades didácticas que puedan ir surgiendo en las asignaturas citadas, y que periódicamente debe ser revisado, por las constantes actualizaciones que sufran los enlaces seleccionados

Evolution of Angiogenic Factors in Pregnant Patients with Breast Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy

Factors angiogènics; Quimioteràpia; EmbaràsFactores angiogénicos; Quimioterapia; EmbarazoAngiogenic factors; Chemotherapy; PregnancyHigh prevalence of placental-derived complications, such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, has been reported in women with breast cancer (BC) treated with chemotherapy during pregnancy (PBC-CHT). Aim: To ascertain whether PBC-CHT is associated with an imbalance of angiogenic factors, surrogate markers for placental insufficiency, that could explain perinatal outcomes. Methods: Prospective study between 2012 and 2016 in a single institution. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble endoglin (sEng) in maternal blood were assessed throughout pregnancy in 12 women with BC and 215 controls. Results: Cancer patients were treated with doxorubicin-based regimes and with taxanes. Ten PBC-CHT (83%) developed obstetrical complications. At the end of the third trimester, significantly higher levels of sFlt-1; sFlt-1/PGF ratio, and sEng levels were observed in BC women as compared to controls. Moreover; there was a significant correlation between plasma levels of sFlt-1 and the number of chemotherapy cycles administered. Besides, more chemotherapy cycles correlated with lower birthweight and head circumference at birth. Conclusions: Women with BC treated during pregnancy showed an antiangiogenic state compatible with placental insufficiency. Angiogenic factors could be useful in the clinical obstetric management of these patients; although further studies will be required to guide clinical decision-making.This study was funded by the Spanish Research Project in Health funded by ISCIII, the state plan for scientific and technical research and innovation 2015–2018, and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. PI15/02252. This study was also supported in part by RETICS ‘Maternal and Child Health and Development Network’ (SAMID Network), funded by the PN I + D + i 2008–2016 (Spain), ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. RD12/0026 and RD16/0022. O.S. was supported by SAMID Network (RD12/0026/0016 and RD16/0022/0015) and S.M. was supported by “Paseico de la mama”

Cover contact graphs

We study problems that arise in the context of covering certain geometric objects called seeds (e.g., points or disks) by a set of other geometric objects called cover (e.g., a set of disks or homothetic triangles). We insist that the interiors of the seeds and the cover elements are pairwise disjoint, respectively, but they can touch. We call the contact graph of a cover a cover contact graph (CCG). We are interested in three types of tasks, both in the general case and in the special case of seeds on a line: (a) deciding whether a given seed set has a connected CCG, (b) deciding whether a given graph has a realization as a CCG on a given seed set, and (c) bounding the sizes of certain classes of CCG’s. Concerning (a) we give efficient algorithms for the case that seeds are points and show that the problem becomes hard if seeds and covers are disks. Concerning (b) we show that this problem is hard even for point seeds and disk covers (given a fixed correspondence between graph vertices and seeds). Concerning (c) we obtain upper and lower bounds on the number of CCG’s for point seeds

Cover Contact Graphs

Es una ponencia presentada al 15th International Symposium on Graph Drawing (2007)We study problems that arise in the context of covering certain geometric objects (so-called seeds, e.g., points or disks) by a set of other geometric objects (a so-called cover, e.g., a set of disks or homothetic triangles). We insist that the interiors of the seeds and the cover elements are pairwise disjoint, but they can touch. We call the contact graph of a cover a cover contact graph (CCG). We are interested in two types of tasks: (a) deciding whether a given seed set has a connected CCG, and (b) deciding whether a given graph has a realization as a CCG on a given seed set. Concerning task (a) we give efficient algorithms for the case that seeds are points and covers are disks or triangles. We show that the problem becomes NP-hard if seeds and covers are disks. Concerning task (b) we show that it is even NP-hard for point seeds and disk covers (given a fixed correspondence between vertices and seeds).German Research Foundation WO 758/4-

Cardiovascular-related proteomic changes in ECFCs exposed to the serum of COVID-19 patients

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection significantly affects the cardiovascular system, causing vascular damage and thromboembolic events in critical patients. Endothelial dysfunction represents one of the first steps in response to COVID-19 that might lead to cardiovascular complications and long-term sequelae. However, despite the enormous efforts in the last two years, the molecular mechanisms involved in such processes remain poorly understood. Herein, we analyzed the protein changes taking place in endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) after the incubation with the serum from individuals infected with COVID-19, whether asymptomatic or critical patients, by application of a label free-quantitative proteomics approach. Specifically, ECFCs from healthy individuals were incubated ex-vivo with the serum of either COVID-19 negative donors (PCR-/IgG-, n:8), COVID-19 asymptomatic donors at different infective stages (PCR+/ IgG-, n:8and PCR-/IgG+, n:8), or hospitalized critical COVID-19 patients (n:8), followed by proteomics analysis. In total, 590 proteins were differentially expressed in ECFCs in response to all infected serums. Predictive analysis highlighted several proteins like CAPN5, SURF4, LAMP2 or MT-ND1, as highly discriminating features between the groups compared. Protein changes correlated with viral infection, RNA metabolism or autophagy, among others. Remarkably, the angiogenic potential of ECFCs in response to the infected serums was impaired, and many of the protein alterations in response to the serum of critical patients were associated with cardiovascular-related pathologies.This study was supported by GLOBALCAJA-Ayuda COVID-19; and Fondo Supera COVID-19, funded by Banco Santander and CRUE universidades, Ref. IPSA-COVID-19, and the Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII (PI18-00427, PI20-00716), co-funded by European Regional Development “A way to make Europe”

Penetrance of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Genotype-Positive Relatives

BACKGROUND Disease penetrance in genotype -positive (G+) relatives of families with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and the characteristics associated with DCM onset in these individuals are unknown. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the penetrance of new DCM diagnosis in G+ relatives and to identify factors associated with DCM development. METHODS The authors evaluated 779 G+ patients (age 35.8 +/- 17.3 years; 459 [59%] females; 367 [47%] with variants in TTN ) without DCM followed at 25 Spanish centers. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 37.1 months (Q1 -Q3: 16.3-63.8 months), 85 individuals (10.9%) developed DCM (incidence rate of 2.9 per 100 person -years; 95% CI: 2.3-3.5 per 100 person -years). DCM penetrance and age at DCM onset was different according to underlying gene group (log -rank P = 0.015 and P <0.01, respectively). In a multivariable model excluding CMR parameters, independent predictors of DCM development were: older age (HR per 1 -year increase: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.0-1.04), an abnormal electrocardiogram (HR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.38-3.29); presence of variants in motor sarcomeric genes (HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.05-3.50); lower left ventricular ejection fraction (HR per 1% increase: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.82-0.90) and larger left ventricular end -diastolic diameter (HR per 1 -mm increase: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.06-1.13). Multivariable analysis in individuals with cardiac magnetic resonance and late gadolinium enhancement assessment (n = 360, 45%) identi fied late gadolinium enhancement as an additional independent predictor of DCM development (HR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.43-4.45). CONCLUSIONS Following a first negative screening, approximately 11% of G+ relatives developed DCM during a median follow-up of 3 years. Older age, an abnormal electrocardiogram, lower left ventricular ejection fraction, increased left ventricular end -diastolic diameter, motor sarcomeric genetic variants, and late gadolinium enhancement are associated with a higher risk of developing DCM. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2024;83:1640 -1651) (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation. This is an open access article under the CC BY -NC -ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Risk factors for unfavorable outcome and impact of early post-transplant infection in solid organ recipients with COVID-19: A prospective multicenter cohort study

The aim was to analyze the characteristics and predictors of unfavorable outcomes in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) with COVID-19. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of 210 consecutive SOTRs hospitalized with COVID-19 in 12 Spanish centers from 21 February to 6 May 2020. Data pertaining to demographics, chronic underlying diseases, transplantation features, clinical, therapeutics, and complications were collected. The primary endpoint was a composite of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with these unfavorable outcomes. Males accounted for 148 (70.5%) patients, the median age was 63 years, and 189 (90.0%) patients had pneumonia. Common symptoms were fever, cough, gastrointestinal disturbances, and dyspnea. The most used antiviral or host-targeted therapies included hydroxychloroquine 193/200 (96.5%), lopinavir/ritonavir 91/200 (45.5%), and tocilizumab 49/200 (24.5%). Thirty-seven (17.6%) patients required ICU admission, 12 (5.7%) suffered graft dysfunction, and 45 (21.4%) died. A shorter interval between transplantation and COVID-19 diagnosis had a negative impact on clinical prognosis. Four baseline features were identified as independent predictors of intensive care need or death: advanced age, high respiratory rate, lymphopenia, and elevated level of lactate dehydrogenase. In summary, this study presents comprehensive information on characteristics and complications of COVID-19 in hospitalized SOTRs and provides indicators available upon hospital admission for the identification of SOTRs at risk of critical disease or death, underlining the need for stringent preventative measures in the early post-transplant period

Integrative development of a short screening questionnaire of highly processed food consumption (sQ-HPF)

Background: Recent lifestyle changes include increased consumption of highly processed foods (HPF), which has been associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, nutritional information relies on the estimation of HPF consumption from food-frequency questionnaires (FFQ) that are not explicitly developed for this purpose. We aimed to develop a short screening questionnaire of HPF consumption (sQ-HPF) that integrates criteria from the existing food classification systems. Methods: Data from 4400 participants (48.1% female and 51.9% male, 64.9 +/- 4.9 years) of the Spanish PREDIMED-Plus (PREvention with MEDiterranean DIet) trial were used for this analysis. Items from the FFQ were classified according to four main food processing-based classification systems (NOVA, IARC, IFIC and UNC). Participants were classified into tertiles of HPF consumption according to each system. Using binomial logistic regression, food groups associated with agreement in the highest tertile for at least two classification systems were chosen as items for the questionnaire. ROC analysis was used to determine cut-off points for the frequency of consumption of each item, from which a score was calculated. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach's analysis, and agreement with the four classifications was assessed with weighted kappa coefficients. Results: Regression analysis identified 14 food groups (items) associated with high HPF consumption for at least two classification systems. EFA showed that items were representative contributors of a single underlying factor, the HPF dietary pattern (factor loadings around 0.2). We constructed a questionnaire asking about the frequency of consumption of those items. The threshold frequency of consumption was selected using ROC analysis. Comparison of the four classification systems and the sQ-HPF showed a fair to high agreement. Significant changes in lifestyle characteristics were detected across tertiles of the sQ-HPF score. Longitudinal changes in HPF consumption were also detected by the sQ-HPF, concordantly with existing classification systems. Conclusions: We developed a practical tool to measure HPF consumption, the sQ-HPF. This may be a valuable instrument to study its relationship with NCDs