Indicadores del desarrollo e implantación de la sociedad de la información: un capítulo pendiente

En este escrito se pretende reflexionar sobre la importancia que conlleva la elección de los indicadores del desarrollo e implantación de la Sociedad de la Información. Dicha elección no es en ningún caso neutral y puede implicar sesgos que obvien desiguaThis work tries to reflect on the inherent importance of the indicators made for assessing the development and implementation of the "Information Society". A particular choice isn't neutral or aseptic, and it can hide a lot of interests behind it, concea

Protocolo de introducción de software libre a personal docente e investigador universitario y diseño de un proyecto formativo

Se presenta un protocolo de introducción de un determinado software (bajo las definiciones de la Free Software Foundation y de la Open Source Initiative) en el Departamento de Educación de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Dicho protocolo puede servir de ejemplo para la migración hacia este tipo de software en comunidades docentes e investigadoras no relacionadas directamente con la informática, pero que pueden convertirse en diseñadores y colaboradores de la creación de esta tecnología. Se ha elaborado un plan de actuación y proyecto formativo que incluye una evaluación previa de necesidades e intereses, la construcción de un cuestionario semiestructurado como instrumento de recogida de información, la selección de unos contenidos y materiales y la evaluación de la transferencia. Algunos datos de este estudio preliminar confirman que centrarse en las necesidades y una formación orientada hacia la transferencia son elementos esenciales para el éxito de un proyecto de este tipo.We present a software introduction protocol, developed within the Education Department of the Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University. The software we try to introduce is licenced under the “Free Software Foundation and/or Open Source Initiative” terms. This protocol could be useful for a migration to this kind of software in research and educational institutions. We show here our plan and a formative project that include an assessment, the making of a test as a tool for data mining, a content and material selection and the evaluation of the transfer. Some results show that is essencial to center the efforts in professorʹs needs and the best formative choice is teaching for transfer

Protocolo de introducción de software libre a personal docente e investigador universitario y diseño de un proyecto formativo

Se presenta un protocolo de introducción de un determinado software (bajo las definiciones de la Free Software Foundation y de la Open Source Initiative) en el Departamento de Educación de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Dicho protocolo puede servir de ejemplo para la migración hacia este tipo de software en comunidades docentes e investigadoras no relacionadas directamente con la informática, pero que pueden convertirse en diseñadores y colaboradores de la creación de esta tecnología. Se ha elaborado un plan de actuación y proyecto formativo que incluye una evaluación previa de necesidades e intereses, la construcción de un cuestionario semiestructurado como instrumento de recogida de información, la selección de unos contenidos y materiales y la evaluación de la transferencia. Algunos datos de este estudio preliminar confirman que centrarse en las necesidades y una formación orientada hacia la transferencia son elementos esenciales para el éxito de un proyecto de este tipo.We present a software introduction protocol, developed within the Education Department of the Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University. The software we try to introduce is licenced under the “Free Software Foundation and/or Open Source Initiative” terms. This protocol could be useful for a migration to this kind of software in research and educational institutions. We show here our plan and a formative project that include an assessment, the making of a test as a tool for data mining, a content and material selection and the evaluation of the transfer. Some results show that is essencial to center the efforts in professorʹs needs and the best formative choice is teaching for transfer

Trabajando con nuestros pacientes fumadores en atención primaria. Un análisis de coste-efectividad

ResumenObjetivoEl objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una evaluación económica de las intervenciones sobre tabaquismo en atención primaria.DiseñoAnálisis de coste-efectividad (ACE) comparando 2 estrategias de intervención: intensiva y breve.EmplazamientoPacientes de una consulta de medicina de familia en un centro de salud (CS) periurbano.ParticipantesTodas las historias con etiqueta de fumadores; 235 y 37 en el grupo de intervención breve e intensiva, respectivamente.IntervencionesLa intervención breve (IB) se realizó en el contexto de otro motivo de consulta (1-5 min). La intervención intensiva (II) fue exclusivamente para tabaquismo (10-15 min).Mediciones principalesLos datos de efectividad son obtenidos de la evaluación de la intervención sobre los fumadores de dicha consulta después de 6 años. Empleamos costes sanitarios directos. Excluimos fármacos, costes no sanitarios e indirectos. Aplicamos la tasa de coste-efectividad incremental (ICER) de las intervenciones breve, intensiva y total (breve+intensiva), comparando no intervenir con cada tipo de intervención e II respecto a la IB y análisis probabilístico para tratar la incertidumbre.ResultadosEl coste por paciente abstinente, globalmente, fue 406,74 €. Para la IB fue de 129,83 € y para la II, 1.034,99 €.ICER intervención total=498,87 €/paciente que deja de fumar.ICER IB=235,32 €/paciente que deja de fumar.ICER II=1.232,85 €/paciente que deja de fumar.ICER II/IB=7.772,25 €/paciente que deja de fumar.ConclusionesLas intervenciones sobre tabaquismo en AP son eficientes. Una propuesta para el abordaje del tabaquismo en AP, desde una perspectiva coste-efectiva, podría ser la IB sobre todos los fumadores e II sobre aquellos con más dificultad para abandonar.AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this work is to realize an economic evaluation of the smoking interventions in Primary Care (PC).DesignCost-Effectiveness Analysis comparing two intervention strategies; intensive and brief.SettingPatients in a general practitioner's list in a peri-urban Health Centre.ParticipantsAll the medical histories labelled as smokers; 235 and 37 in the group of brief and intensive intervention respectively.InterventionsThe brief intervention (BI) was made in the context of consultation for another purpose (1-5minutes). The intensive intervention (II) was exclusively for smoking consultation (10-15minutes).Main measurementsThe effectiveness data are obtained by the evaluation of intervention for smokers, in a general practitioner's list, after 6 years. We employ direct sanitary costs. We exclude drugs, non- sanitary and indirect costs. We apply the valuation of incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the brief interventions, intensive and total (brief+intensive) to compare not taking part with each type of intervention and II with regard to BI and probabilistic analysis to treat the uncertainty.ResultsThe total cost per abstinent patient was 406,74 €: 129,83 € for BI and 1.034,99 € for I.I.ICER Total intervention=€498, 87/patient who stops smoking.ICER BI=€235, 32/patient who stops smoking.ICER II=€1.232, 85/patient who stops smoking.ICER II/BI=€7.772,25/patient who stops smoking.ConclusionsSmoking interventions in PC are efficient. A proposal for smoking intervention in PC from an effective cost perspective could be an BI for smokers and an II on those who find more difficult to leave the habit

Celiac Immunogenic Potential of α-Gliadin Epitope Variants from Triticum and Aegilops Species

The high global demand of wheat and its subsequent consumption arise from the physicochemical properties of bread dough and its contribution to the protein intake in the human diet. Gluten is the main structural complex of wheat proteins and subjects affected by celiac disease (CD) cannot tolerate gluten protein. Within gluten proteins, α-gliadins constitute the most immunogenic fraction since they contain the main T-cell stimulating epitopes (DQ2.5-glia-α1, DQ2.5-glia-α2, and DQ2.5-glia-α3). In this work, the celiac immunotoxic potential of α-gliadins was studied within Triticeae: diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species. The abundance and immunostimulatory capacity of CD canonical epitopes and variants (with one or two mismatches) in all α-gliadin sequences were determined. The results showed that the canonical epitopes DQ2.5-glia-α1 and DQ2.5-glia-α3 were more frequent than DQ2.5-glia-α2. A higher abundance of canonical DQ2.5-glia-α1 epitope was found to be associated with genomes of the BBAADD, AA, and DD types; however, the abundance of DQ2.5-glia-α3 epitope variants was very high in BBAADD and BBAA wheat despite their low abundance in the canonical epitope. The most abundant substitution was that of proline to serine, which was disposed mainly on the three canonical DQ2.5 domains on position 8. Interestingly, our results demonstrated that the natural introduction of Q to H at any position eliminates the toxicity of the three T-cell epitopes in the α-gliadins. The results provided a rational approach for the introduction of natural amino acid substitutions to eliminate the toxicity of three T-cell epitopes, while maintaining the technological properties of commercial wheats

A Qualitative Study of the Cognitive Rehabilitation Program GRADIOR for People with Cognitive Impairment: Outcomes of the Focus Group Methodology

[EN]In recent years, technology has been implemented in the field of interventions for older adults. GRADIOR 4.5 is a cognitive software within the wide variety of available multimedia programs that support healthcare professionals in cognitive assessment and neuropsychological rehabilitation. The study aimed to evaluate the new version of GRADIOR (v4.5) based on the experience of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), people with dementia (PWD), and healthcare professionals. A qualitative study using the focus group methodology was carried out involving 13 people with MCI, 13 PWD, and 11 healthcare professionals. An analysis of the content and the level of feedback was performed. The study showed that GRADIOR 4.5 might be sufficiently adapted to PWD and people with MCI. Participants were motivated to use GRADIOR 4.5, showed high acceptability of the software, and a positive attitude towards technology. However, healthcare professionals suggested significant improvements to the software. GRADIOR 4.5 appeared to be a promising intervention that, because of its positive experience and acceptability, could be systematically implemented to complement cognitive rehabilitation interventions for older adults with MCI and dementia. Finally, it is advisable to consider the suggestions gathered in this study for future developments

Views on quality of life as perceived by women with disabilities

[ES]La calidad de vida se ve afectada ante una discapacidad, más aún cuando quien la presenta es una mujer. De cara a emprender futuras acciones se realiza un estudio dirigido a conocer la percepción que dicho colectivo tiene sobre su calidad de vida. Para ello se elaboró un cuestionario cualitativo. De las respuestas de 526 mujeres se realizó un análisis de los datos utilizando el software webQDA. Se observa que todas las dimensiones de calidad de vida se consideran afectadas en mayor o menor grado, siendo una variable a tener en cuenta el tipo de discapacidad; sin embargo, la percepción de falta de autonomía e inclusión es una constante en todo el colectivo. Los resultados indican la necesidad de continuar trabajando la independencia y autonomía a través de los apoyos, los cuales además de materiales o de recursos humanos deben ser emocionales desde el inicio de la discapacidad

Retrograde Approach for Endovascular Salvage of an Infrapopliteal Vein Bypass

Producción CientíficaEndovascular treatment through femoropopliteal and infragenicular percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, both in native vessels and in bypass salvage, has been an emerging technique in recent years. However, in some cases, a difficult anterograde access in distal occlusions has limited the technical success of this procedure. Combined subintimal arterial flossing with antegradeeretrograde intervention is used as a resource technique to obtain precise recanalization in these cases. Here, we present the case of a retromalleolar access of the posterior tibial artery, based on subintimal arterial flossing with antegradeeretrograde intervention technique, to achieve femoraleposterior tibial bypass salvage

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel vs. Tisagenlecleucel for the Management of Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Spain

CAR T therapies axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) and tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) have been approved in Spain for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), given their favourable outcomes for overall survival and progression-free survival. However, the cost of these treatments must be weighed within the context of the Spanish health system. In this study, we assessed the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of axi-cel vs. tisa-cel from the Spanish National Health System perspective. Using commonly applied willingness-to-pay thresholds in Spain, our analysis shows that axi-cel is highly cost-effective when compared to tisa-cel in R/R DLBCL. These results could be used to support decision-making criteria for axi-cel financing. The study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) vs. tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) for the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) after >= 2 lines of systemic therapy in Spain. A lifetime partitioned survival mixture cure model, which comprises pre-progression, post-progression, and death health states, was used to estimate the accumulated costs and outcomes in terms of life years gained (LYG) and quality-adjusted life years (QALY). A matching-adjusted indirect comparison was used to reweight patient-level data from ZUMA-1, the pivotal clinical trial for axi-cel, to aggregate-level data from the pivotal tisa-cel trial, JULIET. The analysis was performed from the National Health System perspective, thus only direct costs were included. Sensitivity analyses (SA) were performed. Axi-cel yielded 2.74 incremental LYG and 2.31 additional QALY gained per patient compared to tisa-cel. Total incremental lifetime costs for axi-cel versus tisa-cel were euro30,135/patient. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of axi-cel versus tisa-cel resulted in euro10,999/LYG and the incremental cost-utility ratio in euro13,049/QALY gained. SA proved robustness of the results. Considering the frequently assumed willingness-to-pay thresholds in Spain (euro22,000/QALY and euro60,000/QALY), axi-cel is a cost-effective treatment vs. tisa-cel for adult patients with R/R DLBCL in Spain

Trabajando con nuestros pacientes fumadores en atencion primaria. Un analisis de coste-efectividad

Objective: The aim of this work is to realize an economic evaluation of the smoking interventions in Primary Care (PC). Design: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis comparing two intervention strategies; intensive and brief. Setting: Patients in a general practitioner's list in a peri-urban Health Centre. Participants: All the medical histories labelled as smokers; 235 and 37 in the group of brief and intensive intervention respectively. Interventions: The brief intervention (BI) was made in the context of consultation for another purpose (1-5 minutes). The intensive intervention (II) was exclusively for smoking consultation (10-15 minutes). Main measurements: The effectiveness data are obtained by the evaluation of intervention for smokers, in a general practitioner's list, after 6 years. We employ direct sanitary costs. We exclude drugs, non- sanitary and indirect costs. We apply the valuation of incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the brief interventions, intensive and total (brief + intensive) to compare not taking part with each type of intervention and II with regard to BI and probabilistic analysis to treat the uncertainty. Results: The total cost per abstinent patient was 406,74 : 129,83 for BI and 1.034,99 for I.I. ICER Total intervention = 498, 87/patient who stops smoking. ICER BI = 235, 32/patient who stops smoking. ICER II = 1.232, 85/patient who stops smoking. ICER II/BI = 7.772,25/patient who stops smoking. Conclusions: Smoking interventions in PC are efficient. A proposal for smoking intervention in PC from an effective cost perspective could be an BI for smokers and an II on those who find more difficult to leave the habit. 2011 Elsevier Espana, S.L. Todos los derechos reservados